Download Physical Geology Lecture 1

PHYSICAL GEOLOGY TEST # 1 – SUMMER 2012
1. ? have a tetrahedral arrangement of atoms. A.sulfides B.sulfates C.oxides D.carbonates E.silicates
2. ? rocks are made from magma. A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
3. Mineral classification is based on the dominant ? present in the mineral. A.cation B.anion C.it depends
upon the mineral
4. Slate and marble are ? rocks. A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
5. Orogenic activity refers to A.bioturbation by organisms B.earthquake events C.mountain-building events
D.extinctions E.formation of minerals
6. The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is A.aluminum B.silicon C.sodium D.oxygen E.potassium
7. Mineral ? have usable minerals that can be extracted profitably at present prices with current mining
technology. A.resources B.reserves
8. Cations have a ? charge. A.negative B.positive C.neutral
9. Most of the Earth's volume is A.core B.crust C.mantle
10. Strata are A.fossils B.mountain-building events C.rock layers D.mineral classifications E.extinction
events
11. Intrusive rocks are A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
12. Feldspar and quartz are A.sulfides B.sulfates C.oxides D.carbonates E.silicates
13. In order to be mined at a profit, the ? of a mineral deposit must be evaluated. A.location B.quantity
C.grade D.all of the above are important in mineral economics
14. Which of the following is a surface mining technique? A.open pit mining B.strip mining C.dredging D.all
of these are surface mining techniques
15. The abbreviations "Ga" represents ? of years on the radiometric time scale. A.thousands B.millions
C.billions
16. Salt and limestone form in ? rocks. A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
17. About 50% of the Earth's crust is made of A.pyroxene B.amphibole C.feldspar D.quartz E.mica
18. Calcite and dolomite are A.sulfides B.sulfates C.oxides D.carbonates E.silicates
19. ? is very common in sedimentary rocks; it is often formed from the weathering of other minerals. A.clay
B.amphibole C.feldspar D.quartz E.mica
20. The Earth's ? is made of an iron-nickel alloy. A.core B.crust C.mantle D.all of the above are made of ironnickel alloys
21. Hornblende is a type of A.pyroxene B.amphibole C.feldspar D.quartz E.mica
22. "The present is the key to the past". This summarizes the concept of A.catastrophism B.evolution
C.extinction D.uniformitarianism E.diastrophism
23. Acid mine drainage is often caused by mining A.oxides B.silicates C.sulfides D.native elements
E.carbonates
24. The study of fossils is A.mineralogy B.seismology C.geomorphology D.petrology E.paleontology
25. Salt is formed by ? bonding. A.ionic B.metallic C.covalent
26. Gangue is A.fossil material B.worthless ore minerals C.valuable mineral commodities D.smelting slag
E.acid mine drainage
27. The most abundant mineral group are A.sulfides B.sulfates C.oxides D.carbonates E.silicates
28. The fundamental rock unit used in geologic mapping is the A.group B.supergroup C.member D.bed
E.formation
29. Which of the following is not a Jovian planet? A.Neptune B.Pluto C.Jupiter D.Uranus E.Saturn
30. The Earth's lithosphere is ? the asthenosphere. A.above B.below C.the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is
the same material
31. Matching rock units is termed A.ecology B.correlation C.paleoecology D.paleontology E.seismology
32. Garnet, chlorite and asbestos often form in ? rocks. A.sedimentary B.metamorphic C.igneous
33. Which of the following is a "native element"? A.silver B.gold C.diamond D.copper E.all of the above are
"native elements"
34. The United States A.is self-sufficient in most critical minerals B.has to import the majority of critical
minerals
35. The study of rocks is A.mineralogy B.seismology C.geomorphology D.petrology E.geochronology
36. Carbon-14 has a ? half life than potassium-argon. A.longer B.shorter C.the half lives of carbon-14 and
potassium-argon are the same
37. The Earth is about ? billion years old. A.1.5 B.2.3 C.3.3 D.3.6 E.4.6
38. Mineraloids ? a crystalline structure. A.have B.do not have
39. ? are made of ?. A.minerals, rocks B.rocks, minerals C."rocks" and "minerals" pertain to the same features
40. Electrons have a ? charge. A.negative B.positive C.neutral
41. Magnetite, hematite and corundum are A.sulfides B.sulfates C.oxides D.carbonates E.silicates
42. ? are erosional surfaces. A.formations B.migmatites C.unconformities D.isotopes E.ions
43. ? rocks are the main source of many nonfuel minerals. A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
44. ? rocks form as products of decomposition, form by chemical precipitation, or from the remains of
organisms. A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
45. ? rocks form from other rocks due to changes in temperature, pressure, and reaction with chemical fluids.
A.igneous B.sedimentary C.metamorphic
46. The study of earthquakes is A.mineralogy B.seismology C.geomorphology D.petrology E.geochronology
47. The "best" current estimate for the age of the Universe is ? billion years. A.3.5 B.4.6 C.7.8 D.9.9 E.13.7
48. The Earth's Moon probably originated A.by collision with a Mars-size body B.split from Earth material
during the original formation of the Solar System C.both of these hypotheses are equally probable
49. Isotopes of a single element may have a different number of A.protons B.neutrons C.the numbers of
protons and neutrons may be different for a single element
50. The abbreviation for thousands of years before present on the radiometric time scale is A.Ga B.Ma C.Ka
D.all of these represent thousands of years before present on the radiometric time scale