Download Mitosis/Meiosis

Mitosis/Meiosis
Directions: Complete the concept map comparing mitosis and meiosis. Use these words or phrases one or
more times: diploid cell, cell division, four haploid cells, original cell, two cell divisions, body cells, same,
chromosomes, gamete-producing cells, half, two diploid cells.
Mitosis
begins with a
Meiosis
begins with a
Diploid
Diploid
occurs in
occurs in
Body Cell
(Somatic Cell)
consists of
Gamete
Producing Cells
consists of
One Cell
Division
Two Cell
Diviosns
forming
forming
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
having the
having
SAME
HALF
number of
the number of
Chromosomes
Chromosomes
as the
as the
Original Cell
Original cell
Chromosome Number Worksheet
An organism has body cells with 42 chromosomes. Use this information to answer #1-7
1. A body cell prepares for cell division. How many chromosomes does it have at the beginning of
prophase?___84_______
2. After the membrane pinches in half, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have?__42_________
3. How many chromosomes did each of the sex cells have that formed this individual organism?__21_______
4. how many chromosomes does the egg cell of this organism have?__21________
5. How many chromosomes does the body cells have during interphase?__42_______
6. What is the diploid number of this organism?___42_______
7. What is the haploid number of for this organism?______21_____
8. An organism has 12 chromosomes in its sperm cells. How many chromosomes does it have in its body
cells? 24
9. An organism has 29 chromosomes in its egg cells. How many chromosomes does it have in its body cells?
58
10. An organism has 22 chromosomes in its body cells. How many chromosomes does it have in its sperm
cells? 11
An organism has body cells with 22 chromosomes. Use this information to answer #11-17
11. A body cell prepares for cell division. How many chromosomes does it have at the beginning of
prophase?__44________
12. After the membrane pinches in half, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have?_22_________
13. How many chromosomes did each of the sex cells have that formed this individual organism?__11________
14. How many chromosomes does the egg cell of this organism have?__22_____
15. How many chromosomes does the body cells have during interphase?__22_____
16. What is the diploid number of this organism?__22_______
17. What is the haploid number for this organism?___11_______
Meiosis vs. Mitosis
1. Describe the purpose of mitosis cell regeneration, growth, and asexual reproduction
2. How many times does the cell divide during mitosis? 1
3. What kind of cells are produced at the end of mitosis? diploid
4. What are sister chromatids?
Either of the two identical copies (chromatids) formed by the replication of a single chromosome, with both
copies joined together by a common centromere. A sister chromatid may also be said as 'one-half' of the
duplicated chromosome.
5. Briefly describe what happens during prophase.
First stage in mitosis, occurring after the conclusion of the G2 portion of interphase. During prophase, the
parent cell chromosomes — which were duplicated during S phase — condense and become thousands of
times more compact than they were during interphase.
6. Briefly describe what happens during metaphase.
The microtubules of the spindle (white) have attached and the chromosomes have lined up on
the metaphase plate. During anaphase (b), the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move toward opposite
poles of the cell.
7. Briefly describe what happens during anaphase.
Each sister chromatid of a chromosome has spindle fibers attached to it. These spindle fibers begin to shorten
and pull the sister chromatids apart at the centromere.
8. Briefly describe what happens during telophase.
Chromosome sets assemble at opposite poles, a nuclear envelope reforms around each set, and cytokinesis
(division of the cytoplasm) usually follows. The chromosomes assemble in sets at the two poles.
9. Is cytokinesis part of mitosis?
Technically is NOT considered part of mitosis. Cells in the cell cycle go through the phases interphase
and mitosis. Throughout interphase there are checkpoints to make sure DNA is not damaged and this is a
checkpoint.
10. Briefly describe what happens during cytokinesis.
The cytoplasm divides and daughter cells form.
11. Describe the purpose of meiosis production of gametes for sexual reproduction
12. How many times does the cell divide during Meiosis? 2
13. What kind of cells are produced at the end of meiosis? haploid
14. Briefly describe the difference of prophase I & II.
Prophase I is the beginning phase of Meiosis I while Prophase II is the beginning phase of Meiosis II. There is
a long interphase before Prophase I, whereas Prophase II occurs without an interphase. It directly goes from
Telophase I to prophase II. The pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs in Prophase I, whereas such
process cannot be seen in Prophase II. The process of crossing over and formation of “Chiasmata” is unique to
Prophase I while it is not found in Prophase II. The exchange of genetic materials to produce different
recombinants is also occurs in Prophase I, but it is not possible in Prophase II.
15. Briefly describe the difference of metaphase I & II.
Metaphase 1 has four homologous chromosomes lined up metaphase II has 2 lined up
16. Briefly describe the difference of anaphase I & II.
In anaphase I, the homologous chromosome will separate to the opposite pole. In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate.
17. Briefly describe the difference of telophase I & II.
Telophase 1 has four new cells telophase II has 2 new cell
18. What would happen to cell division if a chemical was put in the cell that did not allow for cell division to occur?
Cell division would not occur and the cell/cells would more than likely die. If the cell continued to divide than a mutation could
occur.