Download Test 531 Electrons

Test 531 Electrons
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. All of the following statements are false EXCEPT
a. the wavelength of light is directly proportional to its frequency.
b. the frequency of light is inversely proportional to its energy.
c. the energy of a photon of light is inversely proportional to its wavelength.
d. the frequency of light is directly proportional to the speed of light (in a vacuum).
e. the wavelength of light is directly proportional to the speed of light (in a vacuum).
2. According to the Bohr model for the hydrogen atom, the energy necessary to excite an electron from n = 5 to n
= 6 is __________ the energy necessary to excite an electron from n = 3 to n = 4.
a. greater than
b. equal to
c. less than
d. either equal to or greater than
e. either less than or equal to
3. The Schrödinger wave equation
a. proves electrons have positive and negative spins.
b. calculates the precise position and momentum of an electron at any given time.
c. is used to compute the wavelength of small particles.
d. can be solved to find the probability of finding an electron in a region of space.
e. proves that photons are particles.
4. The Pauli exclusion principle states that
a. no two electrons from a given atom can have the same spin.
b. no two electrons from a given atom can have the same four quantum numbers.
c. two electrons can occupy an orbital if they have the same spin.
d. two electrons can occupy an orbital if they have opposite spins.
e. two electrons can occupy an orbital if they have opposite charges.
5. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers refers to a 3p orbital?
a. n = 3, = 0, m = 0, ms = + 1/2
b. n = 3, = 1, m = -1, ms = + 1/2
c. n = 3, = 2, m = 1, ms = + 1/2
d. n = 3, = 3, m = -2, ms = + 1/2
e. n = 3, = 3, m = 3, ms = + 1/2
6. What is the total capacity of electrons in n = 3?
a. 5
b. 10
c. 18
d. 32
e. 50
7. Which quantum number designates the shape of an atomic orbital?
a. n
b.
c. m
d. ms
e. ms and m
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8. What is the ground state electron configuration of 94Pu?
a. [Xe]5f66s2
b. [Xe]6f67s2
c. [Rn]6f67s2
d. [Rn]5f67s2
e. [Rn]5f66d107s2
9. What is the electron configuration of S2-?
a. 1s22s22p6
b. 1s22s22p63s2
c. 1s22s22p63s23p4
d. 1s22s22p63s23p6
e. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
10. What is the electron configuration of Cu+?
a. [Ar]3d8
b. [Ar]3d9
c. [Ar]3d10
d. [Ar]3d84s2
e. [Ar]3d94s1
11. Hund's rule predicts that
a. the most stable electronic structure of an atom has electron spins paired.
b. no two electrons will share the same orbital.
c. electrons in an orbital have equal but opposite charges.
d. electrons must have opposite spins to share an orbital.
e. when several orbitals of equal energy are available, as in a given subshell, electrons enter
singly with parallel spins.
12. What is the symbol of the atom or ion with the following orbital diagram?
1s
()
2s
()
2p
()()()
3s
()
3p
()()()
3d
()()()( )( )
4s
()
a. 26Fe
b. 26Fe2+
c. 27Co+
d. 28Ni
e. 28Ni2+
____ 13. What is the symbol of an ion with the following orbital diagram?
[Ar]
3d
( )( )( )(
4s
)(
)
(
)
a. 21Sc3+
b. 22Ti2+
c. 22Ti4+
d. 24Cr2+
e. 24Cr3+
____ 14. Elements and compounds with unpaired electrons are attracted to a magnetic field. These materials are called
paramagnetic. Which of the following elements or ions are paramagnetic in the ground state?
a. Cl-
b.
c.
d.
e.
Fe2+
Ne
Ca2+
Sc3+
____ 23. Which orbital is the 3d z 2 orbital?
____ 24. Which orbital is the 4f orbital?
_____ 25. Which configuration indicates an excited state for Silver (Ag)?
a. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d96p1
b. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p64d105s1
c. 1s22s22p63s23p54s23d104p65s24d96p1
d. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d94p65s24d106p1
Problems Show all work.
1) The lowest frequency available on a radio's AM dial is 570 kHz. What is the wavelength of this light
2) A helium-neon (or HeNe) laser emits light at 632.8 nm. What is the energy of a single photon from this
laser?
Essays As clearly and concisely as possible write an essay on the following topics.
1) Explain absorption and emission spectroscopy from a quantum theoretical perspective. What is the
fundamental difference between the two types of spectroscopy?
Configurations Give the configurations requested.
1) Give the electron configuration diagram of hafnium (Hf).
b. Is this a stable configuration? If possible and it is different give a stable valence shell configuration.
c. Give a valence shell configuration for a likely stable ion of hafnium.
2) Give the electron configuration for arsenic (As).
b. Is this a stable configuration? If possible and it is different give a stable valence shell configuration.
c. Give a valence shell configuration for a likely stable ion of arsenic.
3) Give the valence shell configuration of niobium (Nb).
b. Is this a stable configuration? If possible and it is different give a stable valence shell configuration.
c. Give a valence shell configuration for a likely stable ion of niobium.