Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
1. A. B. C. D. E. * 2. A. B. * C. D. E. 3. A. B. C. D. * E. 4. A. B. * C. D. E. 5. A. B. C. D. E. * 6. A. * B. C. D. E. 7. A. B. C. D. E. * 8. A. B. C. ?What was the first solid state laser created? Excimer laser Neodymium glass laser Garnet crystals laser Helium-neon laser Ruby laser What does acronym “laser” stand for? Living Amplification of Solidly Emitted Radiation Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Long Amplitude of Simulated Emission of Radiowaves Light Appearance by Spontaneous Emission of Radiation Lasting Amplification for Special Emission of Radiation What is not a physical property of a laser beam? The efficiency of about 1%. Coherent Collimated Continuous Small divergence angle of the light beam The value of monochromaticity of laser beam ((delta v)/v, delta nu/nu) is ____ Always equals to 0 Within the range of 10-12 to 10-13 Always equals to 1 Within the range of 0 to 1 Within the range of 1012 to 1013 Name a component that is NOT a part of optical cavity of a laser: A lasing (or “gain”) medium Highly reflective mirror Partially reflective mirror Resonator An energy source or a pump Excimer laser wavelength is within Ultraviolet range Visible range Infrared range X-ray range None of the above CO2 laser has a wavelength of emitted electromagnetic radiation of approximately ____ 100 nm 500 nm 1000 nm 5000 nm 10000 nm Excimer laser used for eye surgery is a combination of Atoms from the X state and atoms from the C state Helium molecules and Neon molecules Two highly active molecules from halogen element D. * E. 9. A. * B. C. D. E. 10. A. B. * C. D. E. 11. A. B. C. D. * E. 12. A. B. C. * D. E. 13. A. * B. C. D. E. 14. A. B. C. D. E. * 15. A. B. C. * D. Noble gas molecules and halogen element molecules A mix of different noble gas molecules In this type of lasers there is no discrete energy levels of lasing medium atoms, but rather energy bands that electrons jump between. Semiconductor based laser Chemical lasers Excimer lasers Gas laser Dye laser As the wavelength decreases towards the ultraviolet spectrum, ___ lasers become of less and less use the depth penetration of live tissues increases the depth penetration of live tissues decreases the depth penetration of live tissues stays the same the light scattering decreases This component of a laser produces/is a source of quanta of energy, hv Output coupler Partially reflective mirror Optical resonator Lasing medium Highly reflective medium This component of a laser is a barrel where stimulated emission takes places and masses of quanta of energy, hv, are produced. Output coupler Partially reflective mirror Optical resonator Lasing medium Highly reflective medium This component of a laser is a small opening where laser beam exits the system. Output coupler Partially reflective mirror Optical resonator Lasing medium Highly reflective medium When photon hits an excited atom, and excited atom goes back to a ground state, producing two identical photons, the process is known as______ Ionizing radiation Higher energy orbital conversion Colliding Spontaneous emission Stimulated emission The output of continuous wave lasers is measured as ____ force in newtons energy in joules power in watts fluence, or irradiance multiplied by exposure time E. 16. A. B. * C. D. E. 17. A. B. * C. D. E. 18. A. B. C. * D. E. 19. A. B. C. * D. E. 20. A. B. * C. D. E. 21. A. B. * C. D. E. 22. A. B. * C. D. E. wavelength in nanometers The output of pulsed lasers is measured as ____ force in newtons energy in joules power in watts fluence, or irradiance multiplied by exposure time wavelength in nanometers Water predominantly absorbs ____ UV light Infrared light Visible light UV light and infrared light Infrared light and visible light Speaking of medical lasers, which category based on safety do they belong to? Class 1M Class 1 Class 4 Class 2M Class 3B Which part of an eye is reshaped during Lasik laser remodeling? Cilliary muscle Upper portion of cornea Corneal stroma Retina of an eye Eye lens In cardiology, this type of laser is used to improve blood flow to the heart Excimer laser CO2 laser Nd and Glass laser Helium Neon laser None of the listed here What is NOT true about MPE, regarding laser safety? It is a calculation of the highest power density (W/cm2) or energy density (J/cm2) allowed for a laser that is considered to be safe and unlikely to cause damage It stands for Maximum Permeable Exposure (MPE) levels It is measured at the skin or the cornea of the eye, for a given wavelength or exposure time. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) defines methods of calculating MPE levels The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) uses standard 60825-1 (2007) to calculate and define MPE. Among seven classes of lasers based on safety, Class 1M, 1, 2M, 2, 3R, 3B and 4, which one is the safest? Class 1M Class 1 Class 4 Class 2M Class 3B 23. A. * B. C. D. E. 24. A. B. C. * D. E. 25. A. B. C. * D. E. 26. A. B. C. * D. E. 27. A. * B. C. D. E. 28. A. B. C. D. * E. 29. A. B. C. D. E. * 30. A. B. * C. In helium-neon laser, an auxiliary component is helium neon helium and neon none of the listed, as helium and neon gases are both primary lasing components ruby crystal Which of the following is not true about laser beam it is monochromatic it is collimated it is always working in a pulsed mode it is coherent it can be of a specified wavelength When electron drops from a higher quantum state to a lower quantum state in an atom, a photon is absorbed an electromagnetic energy is absorbed. A single energy quantum, hv, is released Atom collapses with formation of new chemical bonds A new chemical element is formed Light is ____ an electromagnetic wave only a directional movement of particles – photons a substance with dual properties, being both electromagnetic wave and particles – photons ultrasound traveling at a light speed infrasound traveling at a light speed As a wavelength of electromagnetic wave decreases, frequency increases and energy of a photon decreases frequency decreases and energy of a photon decreases frequency increases and energy of a photon increases frequency decreases and energy of a photon decreases frequency increases and energy of a photon stays the same Which of the following is not part of the ionizing radiation? Gamma rays X-rays Extreme UV light Microwave Soft X-rays The time constant for spontaneous emission, that is represented by ?, is There no such thing as a time constant, as spontaneous emission depends on temperature. The maximal time it takes for the electron to decay from the higher state to a lower state The longest time an unstable atom can exist in this unstable state The longest time an unstable atom can exist in this unstable state The average time it takes for the electron to decay from higher state to a lower state CO2 laser is an atomic laser a laser that works with molecular transitions (vibrational and rotational states) does not requires continuous replacement of a hot gas. D. E. 31. Cannot be used for material processing, or surgery. None of the answers is correct Those are lasers in which a population inversion is created between the excited vibrational- rotational levels of heteronuclear molecules by adiabatic expansion, moving at high speed gas mixture A. B. C. D. * E. 32. A. B. C. D. * E. 33. A. B. * C. D. E. 34. A. B. C. * D. E. 35. A. B. * C. D. E. 36. A. B. * C. D. E. 37. A. B. C. * D. E. solid lasers gas lasers semiconductor-based lasers gas-dynamic lasers dye lasers Irradiance, or power density of a laser, is ____ a dose of absorbed radiation, in rads per cm3 laser energy per unit area (J/cm2) a dose of absorbed radiation, in rads laser power per unit area (W/cm2) none of the listed is correct In order to cause biological effect, laser beam must be transmitted by biological tissue absorbed by biological tissue scattered by biological tissue reflected by biological tissue none of the statements is true During laser tattoo removal, both skin tissue and dyes absorb laser beams only skin tissue absorb laser beam only dyes absorb laser beam only upper portion of skin absorbs laser, masking the dye beneath there is no correct answer What of the following is not true about ablation of the corneal tissue caused by excimer laser? It is breaking down of the covalent bonds in the protein molecules (photodissociation) It is tissue vaporization without thermal effect It is forced localized rapid destruction of the surface of cornea it is done while absorbing UV light by tissues it causes stimulated emission of light by the corneal molecules The guiding of the laser fiber optic during endovenous laser ablation is more likely to be done with visual observation of the skin surface using ultrasound using magnetic resonance imaging using computed tomography by simple skin palpation The wavelength of the laser for the endovenous laser ablation is 100-200 nm 400-500 nm 800-900 nm 1000-1200 nm >1200 nm 38. A. B. C. D. E. * 39. A. B. C. D. * E. 40. A. B. C. * D. E. 41. A. * B. C. D. E. 42. A. B. * C. D. E. 43. A. B. * C. D. E. 44. A. B. C. D. * E. 45. A. * B. One of the following is not true about laser prostate surgery: it uses holmium-Nd:YAG high powered "red" laser The laser destroys prostate tissue that blocks the opening of the urethra There is no incision (cut) in your skin and the procedure takes ca. 1 hour With laser prostate surgery a fiber optic cable pushed through the urethra It will take at least one month to recover from the procedure LASIK, commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, can NOT be used to correct ONE of the following: myopia hypermetropia astigmatism cataract all eye vision defects listed here can be corrected LASIK eye surgery is reshaping of _________ eyeball lens cornea vitreous body iris The following is a correct sequence of LASIK eye surgery flap creation, laser stromal cornea remodeling, repositioning of a flap, postoperative care laser stromal cornea remodeling, flap creation , repositioning of a flap, postoperative care flap creation, repositioning of a flap, laser stromal cornea remodeling, postoperative care flap creation, repositioning of a flap, postoperative care, laser stromal cornea remodeling flap creation, repositioning of a flap, laser stromal cornea remodeling Excimer laser for LASIK eye surgery uses light beam with a wavelength of 100 nm 193 nm 593 nm 993 nm 1293 nm This laser is used for surgery over the skin and tissues located beneath Excimer laser CO2 laser Argon laser Ruby laser ArF laser This laser is used for tattoo removal Excimer laser CO2 laser Argon laser Ruby laser ArF laser Excited state of an atom is when Electrons are located on upper principal quantum orbitals Electrons are spinning faster around the atom C. D. E. 46. A. B. C. D. E. * 47. A. B. C. D. E. * 48. A. B. * C. D. E. 49. A. B. * C. D. E. 50. A. B. C. * D. E. 51. A. B. C. * D. E. 52. A. B. * C. D. E. 53. Temperature of the volume where those atoms are located is above absolute zero in Kelvins Atoms lack electrons Atoms have electron excess. This laser is used in periodontal scaling, in dentistry Excimer laser CO2 laser Argon laser Ruby laser Er:YAG laser Which of the following is not from the family of excimer lasers: Kr2 ArF KrF XeCl NaCl Which of the following excimer lasers is used for LASIK eye surgery: Kr2 ArF KrF XeCl KrCl The excited state of Excimer laser is achieved through Electrons going into upper orbitals and returning back to groud state through spontaneous emission Formation of unstable dimer molecules between noble gases or between noble gas and halogen gas Activation of auxiliary portion of an medium which passes photons to primary lasing medium None of the listed here is correct Semiconductor technology where electrons exist on special bands, not on discrete energy orbitals Eye laser trabeculoplasty is performed using Excimer laser CO2 laser Argon laser Ruby laser Er:YAG laser Eye laser trabeculoscopy is used to treat cataract astigmatism glaucoma myopia macular degeneration Eye laser trabeculoscopy is performed by releasing eye pressure by burning tiny holes in sclera modification of the trabecular meshwork – burning tiny holes that liquid can leak through changing the volume of an eye slightly to accommodate extra pressure burning/destroying minor blood vessels so less liquid is brought into the eye increasing the diameter of eye venule to increase amount of liquid leaving eye One of the following is not property of photon: A. B. C. * D. E. 54. A. B. * C. D. E. 55. A. B. * C. D. E. 56. A. B. C. * D. E. 57. A. B. C. * D. E. 58. A. B. C. D. * E. 59. A. * B. C. D. E. 60. A. * B. C. D. it is stable it has energy of hv it has mass 100 times less than a mass of electron it is an elementary particle it has momentum Laser prostatectomy takes about ______ 10 minutes 1 hour 3 hours 5 hours Several hour-long procedures. For birthmark removal, we will use lasers of the wavelength roughly approaching near infrared visible light UV extreme UV Gamma-knife Devices, which are similar to lasers, but use radio and microwave frequencies, are called rasers lasels masers pasers radio knives In Nd:YAG laser, what Nd stands for? non detectable neocadmium neodymium near-dormant non-visible What does YAG stands for in Nd:YAG laser? yttrium and green yellow and green yellow argon gas yttrium aluminium garnet there is no correct answer What is not true about Nd-YAG laser? it is used for eye surgery it is used to pump dye lasers it produces laser beam of approximately 1000-1100 nm they are used in medicine all answers are true about Nd-YAG laser As a frequency of electromagnetic wave decreases, wavelength increases and energy of a photon decreases wavelength decreases and energy of a photon decreases wavelength increases and energy of a photon increases wavelength decreases and energy of a photon decreases E. 61. A. B. C. * D. E. 62. A. B. * C. D. E. 63. A. B. C. D. * E. 64. A. * B. C. D. E. 65. A. B. * C. D. E. 66. A. B. C. * D. E. 67. A. B. C. D. E. * 68. A. B. wavelength increases and energy of a photon stays the same Visible light has a range of wavelengths of 0 to 1000 nanometers 200 to 300 micrometers 400 to 700 nanometers 1000 to 10000 nanometers 0 to 10 nanometers One of the following is incorrect about Infrared light it has wavelength longer than visible light it has wavelength shorter than UV light it has wavelength values between those of visible light and radiowaves it has wavelength longer than gamma rays all statements are correct Please place the following electromagnetic wave classification, in order of increasing wavelength x-rays, gamma rays, UV light, visible light, infrared, microwaves , radiowaves UV light, gamma rays, x-rays, visible light, infrared, microwaves , radiowaves visible light, gamma rays, x-rays, UV light, infrared, microwaves , radiowaves gamma rays, x-rays, UV light, visible light, infrared, microwaves , radiowaves none sequence is correct Which of the following will be considered an ionizing irradiation? gamma rays visible light Infrared Microwaves Radiowaves What do we know about proton number in a neutral atom? .equal to the atomic mass of the chemical element number in Periodic Table equal to number of electrons in this atom equal to number of neutrons in this atom equal to number of neutrons plus electrons in this atom equal to number of neutrons minus electrons in this atom Which of the following will be considered non-ionizing radiation? gamma rays x-rays Infrared Roentgen rays Extreme UV light Laser beams are Monochromatic Coherent Collimated High energy All answers are correct The laser " scalpel " is used in: Dentistry ; Urology ; C. D. E. * 69. A. B. C. D. E. * 70. A. B. C. D. E. * 71. A. B. C. * D. E. 72. A. B. C. D. * E. 73. A. B. C. D. E. * 74. A. B. * C. D. E. 75. A. B. * C. D. E. 76. Neurosurgery ; Otolaryngology ; All answers are correct ; The types of lasers are divided into: Solid state ; Gas ; Semiconductor ; Liquid ; All answers are correct ; The main components of the laser : electric lamp; voltage attachment ; Electric current ; Gas ; The active (lasing) medium, pumping system, the optical resonator ; One of the first solid-state OQG (optical quantum generator) was created : Prokhorov , 1658 ; Basov , 1954 ; Maiman , 1960 ; Townes , 1967 ; Basov , 1955 ; To select for the direction of laser propagation, we use: Heat resonator ; Liquid resonator ; Solid-state cavity ; The optical resonator ; Gas resonator ; By the method of obtaining population inversion, the lasers are divided into: The electronic pumping ; From the chemical pumping ; With optical pumping ; With heat pumping ; All answers are correct ; A device that generates the output light beam is called: Active medium ; The optical resonator ; Pumping system ; Solid-state environment; Infrared region ; Using language of quantum theory, "electromagnetic radiation", happens during? The transition of an atom from a lower to a higher energy state ; The transition of an atom from a higher to a lower energy state due to external influence ; A device that converts the energy of the pump ; All answers are correct ; Absorption of photon energy ; What are the structural elements in ruby laser? A. B. C. D. E. * 77. A. B. C. D. E. * 78. A. * B. C. D. E. 79. A. * B. C. D. E. 80. A. * B. C. D. E. 81. A. * B. C. D. E. 82. A. B. C. D. E. * 83. A. * Ruby rod ; Mirror, which partly reflects the beam ; Mirror , which fully reflects the beam ; Power switch ; All answers are correct ; Properties of laser radiation: A small divergence angle of the light beam ; Exclusive monochromaticity ; High power light source ; Efficiency of about 1%; All answers are correct ; Physical basis of the laser is : The phenomenon of stimulated ( induced ) emission; The phenomenon of spontaneous emission ; The phenomenon of light absorption ; All correct answers ; There is no wrong answer ; Laser is ...... Optical quantum generator - a device that converts the energy pumping (light, electrical, thermal, chemical and others) into the energy of electromagnetic waves; focal point generator ; Apparatus for ultrasonic examination ; Apparatus for measuring radiation doses ; Apparatus for the study of concentration of the substance ; How do we call lasers, in which the source of energy are chemical reactions between the components of the working environment ? Chemical Physical Dye lasers Semiconductor Silver-based ... - It is a laser where active lasing medium is free electrons oscillating in the external electromagnetic field ? Free electron laser ; Chemicals ; condenser ; Physical ; Semiconductor ; What is provided during skin laser disection? absence of sterility A large error in hitting the target major bleeding Burns surrounding tissues sterility Where lasers are used : In medicine and science ; B. C. D. E. 84. A. B. C. D. E. * 85. A. B. C. * D. E. 86. A. B. * C. D. E. 87. A. * B. C. D. E. 88. A. B. C. D. E. * 89. A. * B. C. D. E. 90. A. B. C. In nature ; In the confectionery business ; In the publishing industry ; In pharmacokinetic modeling ; Based on the gaining medium, Lasers are classified into : Solid state ; Semiconductor ; Liquid ; Molecular ; All answers are correct ; What is the wavelength of a ruby laser : 1,064 mm; 1,047 mm; 694.3 nm; 1.62 m; 1.03 m; Ruby laser belongs to: liquid laser ; Solid state laser ; semiconductor ; Photo-disassembling ; Chemical laser ; Holography - it is ... The method of obtaining 3D and color images ; The method of obtaining black-and- white images ; The method of obtaining three-dimensional images ; The method of obtaining color images ; The method of obtaining three-dimensional, black and white images; Lasers are classified according to : According to aggregation ; For circuit operation; In terms of physical characteristics ; For energy density of radiation; All answers are correct ; What is the wavelength of the carbon dioxide laser ? 10.6 mm; 9.7 mm; 11.2 mm; 11.6 nm; 10.56 nm; .... - Lasers with thermal pumping inversion of populations which is created between the excited vibrational- rotational levels of heteronuclear molecules by adiabatic expansion, moving at high speed gas mixture (usually N2 + CO2 + He or N2 + CO2 + H2O, working substance - CO2). Dye lasers ; Excimer lasers ; Semiconductor lasers ; D. * E. 91. A. * B. C. D. E. 92. A. * B. C. D. E. 93. A. * B. C. D. E. 94. A. * B. C. D. E. 95. A. * B. C. D. E. 96. A. * B. C. D. E. 97. A. B. * C. D. E. 98. Gas-dynamic lasers ; Gas lasers ; ... - A type of laser, which is using as an active medium a fluorescent solution to form a wide variety of organic dyes. Dye lasers ; Ekcimer lasers ; Semiconductor lasers ; Gasdynamic lasers ; Gas lasers ; Light absprbtion - is: Atomic process; Molecular process; Cellular processes ; Cloth process; Organ process; In what areas do we use LL (laser light)? Biology , Medicine; Cooking ; Economy ; Mechanical Engineering ; Mining of iron ores The penetration depth of the visible rays increases with : Transition from purple to red rays; Transition from red to violet rays; Transition from green to red rays; Transition from purple to blue light ; Transition from red to yellow rays; Give examples of skin diseases which are treated with a laser : Dermatitis , dermatitis , atopic dermatitis ; Sore throat , laryngitis , pharyngitis ; Nystagmus , strabismus ; Neuritis , neuralgia ; Dermatitis , progressive myopia; From which properties depend on the energy performance of laser radiation on a biological tissue ? Flux of energy; The surface area of ??tissue; laser beam speed; Temperatures ; pressure; How was the first photon generator called ? Laser ; Mather ; Yahron ; Yatagan -1; There is no right answer ; Laser radiation can be? A. B. C. D. * E. 99. A. B. C. * D. E. 100. A. B. C. * D. E. 101. A. * B. C. D. E. 102. A. B. * C. D. E. 103. A. * B. C. D. E. 104. A. B. C. * D. E. 105. A. * B. C. D. Continuous and prolonged ; Pulsed or wavy ; Abrupt or continuous ; Continuous or pulsed ; Pulsed or prolonged ; In a helium- neon laser emitting atoms is copper ; Helium ; Neon ; Argentum ; Zinc ; Visible waveband laser has a wavelenght of ----12 .... 30 nm; 40 .. 80 nm; 360 ... 760 nm; 3000 ... 3700 nm; 3750 ... 3800 nm; What processes occur at the cellular level under the influence of laser radiation? Changing the energy activity of cell membranes ; Absorption of light fabrics by photoacceptors ; Increases absorption of oxygen to tissues ; Increases blood flow velocity ; The appearance of the primary photoproducts ; Laser - it is a ... A device for changing the frequency of light ; Optical quantum generator ; Device for measuring the level of contamination of the environment; A device for measuring eye pressure ; All answers are correct ; Ruby laser pump source is : Pulsed lamp ; Laser diodes; The second laser; Mercury arc lamp ; Electric current ; This laser is very likely to be used in surgery on skin surface Excimer laser Ruby laser CO2 laser Gold-doped laser Maser EVLA, speaking of laser, stands for ______ Endovenous laser ablation Entra-vascular laser absorbtion Extra-value laser addition Envovolumetric laser aspiraion E. 106. A. * B. C. D. E. 107. A. B. C. * D. E. 108. A. B. C. D. E. * 109. A. * B. C. D. E. 110. A. * B. C. D. E. 111. A. B. * C. D. E. 112. A. B. * C. D. E. 113. A. * B. All answers are incorrect EVLA, speaking of lasers, is used for: varicose vein treatment eyesight correction Glaucomal pressure release by laser Tattoo removal by lasers All answers are incorrect Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty is used for: varicose vein treatment eyesight correction Glaucomal pressure release by laser Tattoo removal by lasers All answers are incorrect Laser cannot be used for: Close small blood vessels to reduce blood loss Remove dilated blood vessels from the face Reduce the appearance of skin wrinkles, scars, and other skin blemishes Remove hair it can be used for everything listed here Excimer laser was invented in ...... 1970 1960 1940 1930 1980 This international commission defines seven classes of lasers, based on safety: The International Electrotechnical Commission The European Commmission on Safety World Safety Commission Asian Electrical Association None of these agency is responsible for laser safety classification This part of an eye is punched with laser to make holes to release intraocular pressure: Cornea Trabecular meshwork Lens Anterior chamber Pupil Monochromatic means _____ A laser with unique abilities A light beam of a single wavelength single chromium-dope laser A light beam with a range of wavelengths there is no correct answers An output of a continuous laser is measured in watts joules C. D. E. 114. A. B. * C. D. E. 115. A. * B. C. D. E. 116. A. * B. C. D. E. 117. A. * B. C. D. E. 118. A. * B. C. D. E. 119. A. B. C. * D. E. 120. A. * B. C. Hz newtons pascals An output of a pulsed laser is measured in watts joules Hz newtons pascals Speaking of light, Which formula is correct? lambda * nu = speed of light lambda / nu = speed of light nu / lambda = speed of light lambda * nu * speed of light = 1 There is no correct formula Energy of a photon is equal to: h * nu h/nu h - nu h + nu there is no correct answer At the irradiation of carbon of С-12 the isotope of carbon of С-13 appears protons. What is here thrown out particle? Positron. Neutron. Proton. Electron. Neutrino. The atom of lithium is contained by 3 electrons, 3 protons and 4 neutrons. His atomic mass number makes: .. . 7 3 6 4 10 Transformation of energy of the electromagnetic field to thermal energy in the matter of dielectric is named .......... . by diathermy inductothermy by the dielectric losses through warming up through warming up At the external irradiation of people most dangerously .... gamma-radiation alpha-radiation a beta-radiation D. E. 121. A. * B. C. D. E. 122. A. B. * C. D. E. 123. A. * B. C. D. E. 124. A. B. * C. D. E. 125. A. B. C. D. E. 126. A. * B. C. D. E. 127. A. * B. C. all of types of radiations are identically dangerous radiation of hertzian waves of microwave range A selection or absorption of energy are reactions of synthesis of atomic kernels? In one reactions with a selection energy, in other with absorption Only with absorption of energy. This is depends on the relative acceleration of reactive particles This is depends on relative speed of reactive particles Only with a selection energy. A selection or absorption of energy are reactions of breaking up of atomic kernels? Only with absorption of energy In one reactions with a selection energy, in other with absorption This is depends on relative speed of reactive particles. Only with a selection energy This is depends on the relative acceleration of reactive particles The kernel of atom consists of 90 protons and 144 neutrons. After emitting of two beta particles, and then one alpha-particle this kernel will have: ... 90 protons and 140 neutrons 85 protons and 140 neutrons 87 protons and 140 neutrons 96 protons and 142 neutrons 90 protons and 142 neutrons An alpha-particle belongs to to .... to the mesons it is not an elementary particle to lepton to hadron to gluon An atomic kernel consists of protons and neutrons. What pair of particles do nuclear attractive powers operate between into a kernel? Only 1 Act in all of three pair 1,2 and 3 Only 2 2 and 3 Only 3 From an atomic kernel the kernel of atom of helium took off as a result of spontaneous transformation. Such transformation of atomic kernels is named ........ . alpha decay beta decay gamma decay by proton disintegration by twoproton disintegration In relation to the variable electromagnetic field a matter can be considered an explorer in case that .......... . amplitude of current of conductivity much more amplitude of current of displacement frequency of the electromagnetic field behaves to the sound range amplitude of current of conductivity much less amplitude of current of displacement D. E. 128. A. * B. C. D. E. 129. A. * B. C. D. E. 130. A. * B. C. D. E. 131. A. B. C. D. E. 132. A. B. * C. D. E. 133. A. B. * C. D. E. 134. A. B. C. * D. E. 135. frequency of the electromagnetic field belongs to to UHF to the range amplitude of current of conductivity equal to amplitude of current of displacement At beta-minus disintegration from an atomic kernel freed ....... . an electron proton neutron is a kernel of atom of helium neutrino At beta-plus disintegration from an atomic kernel freed ....... positron antineutrino a neutron is a proton kernel of atom of helium At the internal irradiation of man most dangerously ... alpha-radiation is a gamma-radiation a beta-radiation all are identically dangerous hertzian waves of microwave range To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant 10Е-7 10E-6 10E-5 10E-4 10E-3 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant Nl=10E+4, and number of absorbed quantum of Na=10E+10 10Е-7 10E-6 10E-5 10E-4 10E-3 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant 10Е-7 10E-6 10E-5 10E-4 10E-3 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant 10Е-7 10E-6 10E-5 10E-4 10E-3 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant A. B. C. D. * E. 136. A. B. C. * D. E. 137. A. B. C. D. * E. 138. A. B. C. D. * E. 139. A. B. C. D. E. * 140. A. * B. C. D. E. 141. A. B. * C. D. E. 142. 10Е-7 10E-6 10E-5 10E-4 10E-3 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant 10E-2 10E-1 10E-10 10E-8 10E-9 To find the quantum output of luminescence if number of luminescence quant 10E-2 10E-1 10E-10 10E-8 10E-9 To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 5 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 2 µR 3 µR 4 µR 5 µR 6 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 6 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 2 µR 3 µR 4 µR 5 µR 6 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 7 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 7 µR 8 µR 9 µR 10 µR 11 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 8 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 7 µR 8 µR 9 µR 10 µR 11 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 9 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: A. B. C. * D. E. 143. A. B. C. D. * E. 144. A. B. C. D. E. * 145. A. B. C. D. E. * 146. A. B. C. * D. E. 147. A. B. * C. D. E. 148. A. B. * C. D. E. 149. A. 7 µR 8 µR 9 µR 10 µR 11 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 10 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 7 µR 8 µR 9 µR 10 µR 11 µR To find the accumulated dose of Gamma - radiation, if power of dose of R = 11 micro Rad per hour (µR/h), and time of irradiation of t = 1 hour: 7 µR 8 µR 9 µR 10 µR 11 µR ?Which of the following lenses will collect light beam in the focal point as light passes through the lens? Optical (refractive) power = +1 diopters Optical (refractive) power = +2 diopters Optical (refractive) power = +3 diopters Optical (refractive) power = +4 diopters Optical (refractive) power = -1 diopters In a farsighted eye, a person, while reading, will have the image focused Straight on the retina In a front of retina Behind the retina in the lens All anwswers are wrong A farsighted person will need a _______ lens Cylindrical Converging Diverging Dispersing All answers are wrong In a shortsighted eye (myopia), a person, while looking into the distance, will have the image focused Straight on the retina In a front of retina Behind the retina in the lens All anwswers are wrong A nearsighted (shortsighted) person will need a _______ lens Cylindrical B. C. * D. E. 150. A. B. C. * D. E. 151. A. * B. C. D. E. 152. A. B. * C. D. E. 153. A. B. * C. D. E. 154. A. B. C. * D. E. 155. A. * B. C. D. E. 156. A. B. * C. D. Converging Diverging Collective All answers are wrong Cornea is located____ in the middle of an eye behind retina in a front of an eye in a place where optic nerve is attached behind eye lens Which of the following is not part of the three layers of the eye? Vitreous body Choroid Retina Sclera all are parts of the three layers of an eye When person brings his/her eyeglasses to the ophtalmologist, this instrument can be used to check their optical (refractive) power: Keratometer Lensmeter Gonioscope Tonometer Phoropter An optical power of a lens is ______ not the same as refractive power of a lens can be measured in diopters a measurement of intraocular power is measured in meters and is the same as focal distance all answers are wrong What is NOT true about focal point of a lens? it is located on optical axis it is located on both sides of a lens it is measured in diopters it helps physics to decide where light rays would go after passing through the lens all statements are true about focal point This part of an eye is where light must focus to get a clear, sharp image Retina (or fundus) eye lens cornea pupil There is no correct answer The other name for retina is ____ Lens Fundus Ophtalmoscope Lensmeter E. 157. A. B. C. D. E. * 158. A. * B. C. D. E. 159. A. B. * C. D. E. 160. A. B. C. * D. E. 161. A. * B. C. D. E. 162. A. B. * C. D. E. 163. A. B. C. D. * E. 164. Sclera Which of the following lenses will disperse (send away) light beam from the focal point as light passes through the lens? Optical (refractive) power = -1 diopters Optical (refractive) power = -2 diopters Optical (refractive) power = -3 diopters Optical (refractive) power = -4 diopters Optical (refractive) power = +1 diopters Light sensitive cells, rods and cones, are located in______ Retina Cornea Lensmeter Human brain human tears When eye lens becomes cloudy, this condition is called _____ Myopia Cataract Glaucoma Astigmatism Farsightedness When there is an increased intraocular pressure, this condition is called _____ Myopia Cataract Glaucoma Astigmatism Farsightedness When a person cannot see well far away, and need diverging (dispersing) lenses, this condition is called _____ Myopia Cataract Glaucoma Astigmatism Farsightedness The amount of light passing through lens to the retina is regulated through cornea thickness pupil diameter optic nerve movement glaucoma cataract What is the purpose of human eyes? to get information from the the environment; for the perception of light; to share information ; to get information about the environment AND for the perception of light; there is no correct answer. The human eye has a the form : A. B. * C. D. E. 165. A. * B. C. D. E. 166. A. B. C. * D. E. 167. A. B. C. D. E. * 168. A. B. C. * D. E. 169. A. B. C. D. * E. 170. A. B. * C. D. E. 171. A. * B. C. ideal sphere; ellipsoid, very close to the sphere shape; cube; triangle ; cubic triangkle. What are Ophthalmoscopes used for? for the study of the fundus (retina of an eye); to study the lens of the eye ; to study the cornea ; to study the retina ; to study the pupil of the eye. What is medical screening ? individual examination; ophthalmic/eye disease; mass screening of patients for disease; correction of Rights; there is no correct answer. Sclera is a _____________ a middle layer/shell of an eye; Front camera of an eye with a liquid ; a phoropter; Transparent body that resembles a lens ; The outer shell/layer of an eye, that is opaque ; Honiolens is a .. Magnifying lens ; Small lens ; Contact lens applied to the cornea of the eye study to measure iridiocorneal angle; Cylindrical glasses ; There is no right answer ; Tonometer - a device for .... Weight measurement of the eye ; Measuring the radius of the sclera of the eye ; to measure magnifying ability of the eye ; Measurement of eye pressure ; Apparatus for manufacturing lenses; What is called the visual analyzer of the human body ? Hearing organ - ears; Human eyes; Taste Analyzer - tongue; Olfactory Analyzer - the nose; There is no correct answer ; Optical device comprising a light source and intensive stereoscopic binocular biomicroscope is called a ... slit lamp ; tonometer ; ophtalmoscope ; D. E. 172. A. * B. C. D. E. 173. A. B. C. * D. E. 174. A. B. C. * D. E. 175. A. B. C. D. * E. 176. A. * B. C. D. E. 177. A. * B. C. D. E. 178. A. * B. C. D. E. 179. A. wavefront sensor ; keratometer ; What used to monitor the bottom of an eye, also known as retina or fundus? ophthalmoscope; slit lamp ; pachymeter ; goniolens ; astigmatism ; Which device is designed for non-contact measurement of intraocular pressure? Slit lamp ; Visual field analyzer ; Pneumotonometer (air-puff tonometer); Goldmann's tonometer; Keratometer; Which disease causes increase in intra ocular pressure ? myopia ; cataract ; glaucoma ; astigmatism ; conjunctivitis ; What is choroid ? an outer layer of the eye ; opaque partition; iris ; vascular (middle ) layer of the eye ; internal lens of the eye ; What is keratometer used for? to determine the radius of curvature and refraction of the anterior surface of the cornea of eyes; to determine the optical/refractive power of the lens ; to determine the diameter of the pupil ; to determine the ability of the retina ; to determine the thickness of the sclera ; Accommodation is The ability of the lens to change its shape ; The ability of movement in sensory nerve ; Failure to reshape the eye lens ; Strict monochromaticity ; There is no right answer. One of the following is a device to study human eyes for diagnostic purposes: Ophtalmoscope ; X-ray Computed Tomography device ; Galvanometer ; Voltmeter ; laser for tattoo removal; How many shells/layers are there in the eyeball ? 1; B. C. * D. E. 180. A. * B. C. D. E. 181. A. * B. C. D. E. 182. A. B. C. D. * E. 183. A. * B. C. D. E. 184. A. B. * C. D. E. 185. A. B. * C. D. E. 186. A. B. C. D. E. * 2; 3 - Fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, and retina 4; 5; What instrument is designed to measure intraocular pressure? Tonometer ; Gonioscope ; Goniolens ; ophthalmoscope ; There is no right answer ; Optical power of a lens is measured in ______ diopters and it is a reciprocal to the focal distance meters and it is proportional to the focal distance diopters and it is proportional to the focal distance meters and it is reciprocal to the focal distance is dimensionless and is internal property of an lens that cannot be calculated by any formula Cornea is responsible for _____% of eye’s optical power 10 20 50 70 100 Eye accommodation is due to the lens alone lens and stromal portion of cornea macula position adjustment prescription eyeglasses only cornea alone Regulat slit lamp cannot be used directly for ophtalmoscopy because pupils must be always dilated for ophtalmoscopy of the refractive power of the ocular media Light source in slit lamp is too bright Light source in slit lamp is not monochromatic Light source in slit lamp has incorrect monochromatic wavelength Out of the two types of ophtalmoscopic exams, direct ophtalmoscopy produces virtual inverted direct image of 2 to 5 times magnification. virtual upright image of approximately 15 times magnification. Real inverted direct image of 2 to 5 times magnification. virtual inverted direct image of 15 times magnification. real inverted direct image of 2 times magnification. An instrument used to measure optical power of prescription lenses is called ______ ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter lensmeter 187. A. B. C. D. * E. 188. A. B. C. * D. E. 189. A. B. C. D. * E. 190. A. B. * C. D. E. 191. A. B. C. D. E. * 192. A. B. * C. D. E. 193. A. * B. C. D. E. 194. An instrument used to measure thickness of cornea is called______ ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter phoropter This instrument is used, in conjunction with a slit lamp or operating microscope, to gain a view of the iridocorneal angle, or the anatomical angle formed between the eye's cornea and iris. ophtalmoscope electrooculograph gonioscope tonometer phoropter This device is used to determine the intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye ophtalmoscope electrooculograph gonioscope tonometer phoropter This device is a diagnostic instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, particularly for assessing the extent and axis of astigmatism. ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter phoropter This device uses polarised light to measure the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer as part of a glaucoma workup ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter scanning laser polarimeter Electrooculography differs from electroretinography by___ absence of electrodes in one of the methods absence of stimuli of light sensitive cells they are technically EXACTLY the same type of lenses used in each device none of the answers is correct If the focal distance of a converging lens equals to 1 meter, the optical power of this equals to +1 diopter -1 diopter +10 diopters -10 diopters none of the answers is correct If the focal distance of a diverging lens equals to 1/3 meter, the optical power of this equals to A. B. C. D. * E. 195. A. B. C. D. * E. 196. A. B. C. * D. E. 197. A. B. C. * D. E. 198. A. B. C. D. E. * 199. A. B. * C. D. E. 200. A. B. C. * D. E. 201. A. B. +1/3 diopter -1/3 diopter +3 diopters -3 diopters +6 diopters This instrument in ophthalmology uses ultrasound to access analyzed property. ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter scanning laser polarimeter One of the following is incorrect about myopic eye: it has excess of an optical refractive power the eyesight can be corrected with diverging lens it is caused by cataract or glaucoma the image from a far-away object is focused in a front of retina instead of directly on it it can be corrected with laser surgery LASIK O.D. and O.S. in spectacle prescription refer to: two types of lenses ocular denstity and polarity right and left eye ocular distance and ocular symmetry regular lens and astigmatic lens This instrument is used to choose and prescribe correct lenses for patient’s eyeglasses, by putting this instrument on a patient and changing lenses lensmeter keratometer gonioscope pachymeter phoropter This instrument is used to record eye movement ophtalmoscope electrooculograph gonioscope .electroretinograp scanning laser polarimeter D.V. O.D. = -3,5 D, N.V. O.D. = +2.5 D. A person is a young person with left eye being myopic A person is an older person with right eye being farsighted a person is likely to be an older person who needs bifocal lenses prescribed for the right eye in order to see far and close a person might be of any age, having both nearsightedness and farsightedness in the left eye the person is having severe astigmatism with both eyes affected. Which of the following in spectacle prescription corrects for astigmatism refractive power? OD NV C. D. * E. 202. A. B. C. D. * E. 203. A. B. C. D. * E. 204. A. B. * C. D. E. 205. A. * B. C. D. E. 206. A. B. C. * D. E. 207. A. B. C. D. E. * 208. A. B. C. * D. spherical cylindrical axis By the age of _____, the accommodation of an eye decreases to zero 40 50 60 70 80 Accommodation is used for _____ vision of objects located more than 7 meters away far vision (object located far away) both close and far vision close vision (reading book) vision of objects located more than 20 meters away If a flash ERG (electroretinography) is performed on a dark-adapted eye, the response is primarily from ______ cone system rod system cone and rod system retinal macula retinal blind spot If a flash ERG (electroretinography) is performed on a light adapted eye, it will reflect the activity of the _________. cone system rod system cone and rod system retinal macula retinal blind spot Vascular tunic of an eye is composed of fibrous tunic cornea and sclera choroid, ciliary body, and iris retina conjuctiva Glaucoma can be diagnosed with everything listed below except: Tonomer Ocular palpation (touching with fingers) Gonioscope Ophtalmoscopy Keratomer Cataract (lens turbidity/cloudiness) can be diagnosed with: lensmeter keratometer slit lamp gonioscope E. 209. A. B. * C. D. E. 210. A. * B. C. D. E. 211. A. B. * C. D. E. 212. A. B. C. * D. E. 213. A. B. C. D. * E. 214. A. B. * C. D. E. 215. A. B. * C. D. E. 216. A. phoropter Formula used as a principle for keratometer function is: R= 2dIO R=2d*(I/O) R*D=I*O R=2d*(O/I) RDIO=2 Location where optic nerve is attached to retina and blood vessels are concentrated is called optic disc or blind spot it does not exist macula lens yellow spot The normal range for intraocular pressure as measured by tonometer is ____ 1-10 mm Hg 10-21 mm Hg 21-30 mm Hg 31-40 mm Hg 41-50 mm Hg When we have a patient with a farsighted eye, this person while reading, will focus the image from the letters in the book ___ on the retina in front of retina behind retina in the blind spot half cm away from a lens What cannot be true about the lens with optical power of +1 Diopter? the focal distance is 1 meter it can be used to correct near vision, such as reading a book, in a far-sighted person it can be a biconcave lens it can be biconvex lens it will diverge light beams away from the optical axis after light passes through lens What is not true about indirect ophtalmoscopy? condensing lenses are required examination distance is as close to an as possible, preferably touching it. examination through gazy media is possible stereopsis is present it observes the fundus of an eye Bifocal lens is ____ one lens with two focal points on the same optical axis actually two lenses in one, having two parallel optical axis with a focal point on each a system of two lenses, where optical axis are located perpendicular to each other a lens with both sides having a focal shape used to treat astigmatism Why the patient is seated at approximately 6 meters (20 feet) during eye examination for myopia? because it a standard distance, considering average size of ophthalmologist room B. * C. D. E. 217. A. B. C. D. * E. 218. A. * B. C. D. E. 219. A. B. * C. D. E. 220. A. B. C. D. E. * 221. A. B. * C. D. E. 222. A. B. C. D. E. * 223. A. B. because it is considered an optical infinity, to characterize a far-away point because it is considered an optical finite distance for myopic person, and person cannot see more far than this distance because myopic patients require books to check for close vision, which is usually very bad in nearsighted people because phoropter cannot correct eyesight of objects which are farther then this distance The JCC (Jackson Cross-Cylinder) in phoropter is used for ____ to measure phorias to measure vergences to measure myopia to measure astigmatism to measure farsightedness Risley prisms in the phoropter are used to measure phorias and vergences astigmatism nearsightedness farsightedness nearsightedness and farsightedness The optical drum in phoropter can increase/decrease optical power of lenses by a standard minimum of ____ 0.1 diopters 0.25 diopters 1 diopter 10 diopters 100 diopters PD in eyeglasses prescription stand for painfull distance positive divergence positive displacement painfull disassembly pupillary distance Amount of light entering eye is regulated by ________ by changing ______diameter cilliary body, pupil iris, pupil cornea, iris pupil, iris eyelid, iris Please choose correct light passage through an eye. Anterior chamber, cornea, iris/pupil, lens, vitreous fluid, retina Cornea, vitreous fluid, iris/pupil, anterior chamber, lens, retina Cornea, iris/pupil, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous fluid, retina Cornea, lens, iris/pupil, anterior chamber, vitreous fluid, retina Cornea, anterior chamber, iris/pupil, lens, vitreous fluid, retina For a patient’s O.D. prescription, spherical is +2,5 D, cylindrical is empty. It has a myopia It has farsightedness C. D. E. 224. A. B. C. D. * E. 225. A. B. C. * D. E. 226. A. B. C. * D. E. 227. A. * B. C. D. E. 228. A. B. * C. D. E. 229. A. B. C. D. * E. 230. A. B. C. * D. E. The person can see well far The person cannot read close Converging lens is prescribed. Eye accommodation by changing lense shape is done using cornea iris retina cilliary body optic nerve If an ophthalmologist doesn’t see red reflex during fundus examination by ophthalmoscopy, it may indicate _____ glaucoma cataract retinal detachment myopia astigmatism One of the possible contributors to astigmatism is _____ incorrect shape of an eyeball cloudiness of eye lens irregular shape of cornea lack of sufficient intraocular pressure deformed retina the TSNIT graph in scanning laser polarimetry stand for ____ Temporal – Superior – Nasal – Inferior-Temporal. Temporal – Superlative – Nervous – Internal – Temporal Tunical – Superlative – Nervous – Inferior – Temporal Tunical – Superlative – Nervous – Internal – Tunical Tunical – Superior – Nasal – Inferior – Tunical Electroretinography shows results in milli- and micro- amperes micro- and nano- volts micro- and milli- ohms milli joules diopters Two major structures of an eye that contribute to an optical/refractive power of an eye are: lens and ciliary body lens and anterior chamber cornea and vitreous humor cornea and lens lens and optical nerve Corneal Waveform (CWF) in eye diagnostics is used in keratometers tonometers pachymeters lensmeters audiometers 231. A. * B. C. D. E. 232. A. B. C. D. E. * 233. A. * B. C. D. E. 234. A. B. C. * D. E. 235. A. B. C. D. * E. 236. A. B. * C. D. E. 237. A. * B. C. D. E. 238. A. B. C. A lens has an optical (refractive power) of +5 diopters. What is the focal distance? 1/5 meter 5 meters 2 meters 1 meter Infinite What is NOT true about diverging lens? they are prescribed for myopia. it refracts light rays away from the optical axis after light passes through lens it can not be used to correct eyesight for near vision, like reading it cannot be used to start a fire by passing light to the dry materials. it has positive value of optical power In a given equation for keratometer R=2d*(I/O), R stands for: the Radius of the reflective surface image size object size distance between the reflective surface and the object no answer is correct In a given equation for keratometer R=2d*(I/O), O stands for: the radius of the reflective surface image size Object size distance between the reflective surface and the object radius of the external lens In a given equation for keratometer R=2d*(I/O), d stands for: the radius of the reflective surface image size object size Distance between the reflective surface and the object radius of the external lens A lens has an optical power of +10 diopters. What type of lens is it? Diverging with focal distance of 1/10 meter Converging with focal distance of 1/10 meter Diverging with focal distance of 1 meter Converging with focal distance of 1 meter Bifocal Fibrous tunic of human eyes is composed of sclera and cornea choroid, cilliary body (muscles), and iris retina eye lens sclera only What is horizontal field of view of a human being, in degrees? 45 90 180 D. * E. 239. A. B. C. D. * E. 240. A. * B. C. D. E. 241. A. B. C. * D. E. 242. A. * B. C. D. E. 243. A. * B. C. D. E. 244. A. * B. C. D. E. 245. A. * B. C. D. 260 360 What is a major drawback in using of Koeppe direct goniolens for eye gonioscopy? the patient must be standing in order of a method to be applied lubricating fluid is used for direct contact with human eye cornea it requires radioactive isotopes the patient must be laying down in order of a method to be applied it requires expensive lenses which are damaged by light and must be replaced every time Which of the following is not true about Goldmann indirect goniolens? An ophthalmologist cannot use it together with a slit lamp it is a truncated-cone like device that utilizes mirrors Mirrors are used reflect the light from the iridocorneal angle into the direction of the observer The small, curved front surface of the device does not rest on the cornea. The device vaults over the cornea, with lubricating fluid filling the gap. What is not true about slit lamp? it helps ophthalmologist to observe anterior segment, or frontal structures, and posterior segment of the human eye. Observed structures include eyelid, sclera, conjunctiva, iris, natural crystalline lens, and cornea. It uses high energy UV light beam to examine frontal structures and posterior segment of the human eye. It uses visible light to examine frontal structures and posterior segment of the human eye. it is equipped with biomicroscope for magnification of the observed structures Zeiss indirect goniolens differs from Goldmann indirect goniolens by using four prisms instead of mirrors using mirrors instead of prisms measuring iridocorneal angle only on one side (prism) not using slit lamp none of the answers is true Light sensitive cells, also known as __________, are located in __________of an eye, and help transform an image into electrical signal sent to optic nerve. rods and cones/retina optic cells/lens neurons/sclera cardimyocytes/cilliary body stars/optic nerve Fundus of an eye is another name for the _______ of an eye retina sclera lens iris cornea An optical system of a human eye can be compared to converging (collective) lens diverging lens bifocal lens a regular glass where light rays pass through and do not change their direction E. 246. A. B. C. D. E. * 247. A. * B. C. D. E. 248. A. B. * C. D. E. 249. A. B. C. * D. E. 250. A. B. C. D. * E. 251. A. B. C. D. E. * 252. A. B. C. optical prism Which of the following is not part of the spectacle prescription? sphere cylinder axis pupillary distance eye (iris) color Refractive power of diverging lens is +1.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of a diverging lens is +2.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of diverging lens is +3.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of diverging lens is +4.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of diverging lens is +5.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of diverging lens is +6.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter D. E. * 253. A. * B. C. D. E. 254. A. B. * C. D. E. 255. A. B. C. * D. E. 256. A. B. C. D. * E. 257. A. B. C. D. E. * 258. A. B. C. D. E. * 259. A. * B. 1/5 meter 1/6 meter Refractive power of converging lens is -1.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of a converging lens is -2.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of converging lens is -3.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of converging lens is +4.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of converging lens is +5.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1 meter 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter Refractive power of converging lens is +6.0 diopters. What is the focal distance of this lens? (Point means decimal point) 1/2 meter 1/3 meter 1/4 meter 1/5 meter 1/6 meter The inverse to the focal length is called: optical power of the lens visual power of the lens C. D. E. 260. A. B. C. * D. E. 261. A. * B. C. D. E. 262. A. B. C. * D. E. 263. A. * B. C. D. E. 264. A. B. C. D. E. * 265. A. * B. C. D. E. 266. A. * B. C. D. linear increase in lens energy luminosity no correct answer Optical power is measured in : radians meters diopter no correct answer focal length Every lens has a specific point, passing through which, a beam of light does not change its direction. How is this point called? optical center of the lens main focus lenses mental focus lens no correct answer dual focus In geometrical optics by light beam we mean: electromagnetic wave stream of particles of light - photons direction of propagation of light wave energy no correct answer flux quanta of energy Thanks to the vision, a person receives a certain percentage of information from the environment: More than 90 %; Less than 90%; 80%; 99%; Less than 50 %; Retina - it is a ... transparent body ; inner lens ; choroid ; vitreous body; no right answer ; What instrument is designed to determine the field of view , faults inside it, and function of peripheral vision ? Perimeter ; Tonometer ; Gonioscope ; Goniolens ; Ophthalmoscope ; Which device is designed to research eye field of view? Perimeter ; Gonioscope ; Tonometer ; Goniolens ; E. 267. A. * B. C. D. E. 268. A. * B. C. D. E. 269. A. * B. C. D. E. 270. A. * B. C. D. E. 271. A. * B. C. D. E. 272. A. B. C. D. * E. 273. A. * B. C. D. E. 274. A. B. * ophthalmoscope ; Apparatus for the study of the visual field of view: Campimetry and perimeters ; Tonometer and kampimetr ; Barometer ; Helium - metal vapor lasers ; The optical resonator ; Methods of investigation of eye refractive power are : Subjective and objective ; Subjective ; objective ; Diagnostic ; There is no right answer ; Specify a device for the objective study of eye refractive power : Ophtalmoscope ; Synhontron ; Ondumeter ; Magnetron ; The optical resonator ; Specify the transparent parts of the eye : Anterior chamber , lens , vitreous body ; The retina , anterior chamber , lens ; Iris , lens , vitreous body ; Cornea , retina, yellow spot ; Choroid, lens , optic nerve ; Optical power of a lens is measured in ______ diopters and it is a reciprocal to the focal distance meters and it is proportional to the focal distance diopters and it is proportional to the focal distance meters and it is reciprocal to the focal distance is dimensionless and is internal property of an lens that cannot be calculated by any formula Cornea is responsible for _____% of eye’s optical power 10 20 50 70 100 Eye accommodation is due to the lens alone lens and stromal portion of cornea macula position adjustment prescription eyeglasses only cornea alone Regulat slit lamp cannot be used directly for ophtalmoscopy because pupils must be always dilated for ophtalmoscopy of the refractive power of the ocular media C. D. E. 275. A. B. * C. D. E. 276. A. B. C. D. E. * 277. A. B. C. D. * E. 278. A. B. C. * D. E. 279. A. B. C. D. * E. 280. A. B. * C. D. E. 281. A. B. C. D. Light source in slit lamp is too bright Light source in slit lamp is not monochromatic Light source in slit lamp has incorrect monochromatic wavelength Out of the two types of ophtalmoscopic exams, direct ophtalmoscopy produces virtual inverted direct image of 2 to 5 times magnification. virtual upright image of approximately 15 times magnification. Real inverted direct image of 2 to 5 times magnification. virtual inverted direct image of 15 times magnification. real inverted direct image of 2 times magnification. An instrument used to measure optical power of prescription lenses is called ______ ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter lensmeter An instrument used to measure thickness of cornea is called______ ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter phoropter This instrument is used, in conjunction with a slit lamp or operating microscope, to gain a view of the iridocorneal angle, or the anatomical angle formed between the eye's cornea and iris. ophtalmoscope electrooculograph gonioscope tonometer phoropter This device is used to determine the intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye ophtalmoscope electrooculograph gonioscope tonometer phoropter This device is a diagnostic instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, particularly for assessing the extent and axis of astigmatism. ophtalmoscope keratometer gonioscope pachymeter phoropter What property can be used to get polarized light? magnetostriction; electrostriction; photoeffect; light diffraction; E. * 282. A. B. C. D. E. * 283. A. * B. C. D. E. 284. A. * B. C. D. E. 285. A. B. * C. D. E. 286. A. B. C. * D. E. 287. A. B. C. D. * E. 288. A. B. double refraction. The vectors of the waves of electromagnetic radiation of the electric field E and the magnetic field H are in the planes ... that form a 30 degree angle; that form a 45 degree angle; that form a 60 degree angle; that are parallel; that are mutually perpendicular. Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10 , and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 5 0.1 0.2 C. D. E. * 289. A. B. * C. D. E. 290. A. B. C. * D. E. 291. A. B. C. D. * E. 292. A. B. C. D. E. * 0.3 0.4 0.5 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 8.5 0.65 0.75 0.85 0.95 0.21 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 9.5 0.65 0.75 0.85 0.95 0.21 Find transmission coefficient, if the initial intensity I0 = 10, and the intensity of light that passed through the medium is I = 2.1 0.65 0.75 0.85 0.95 0.21