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Name # Period Chapter 10 - Vocabulary Review 1. Describe how the following terms are related to one another. asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction: Both produce a new organism: asexual reproduction involves one parent, offspring have the same DNA sexual reproduction involves two parents, offspring are a mixture of DNA chromosome, centrioles: Centrioles are structures in animal cells that organize spindle fibers so duplicated chromosomes can be separated during mitosis centromere, chromatid: A centromere is an area on chromosomes where spindle fibers attach and pull apart sister chromatids during mitosis binary fission, mitosis: Binary fission is the process by which duplicated DNA in prokaryotes is separated between two new cells (organisms). Mitosis is similar in that it involves the separation of duplicated DNA between dividing cells in eukaryotes; unlike binary fission, mitosis is not typically a way to produce an new organism. For Questions 2–9, match the event with the phase of the cell cycle in which it takes place. A phase may be used more than once. Event Phase of the Cell Cycle F C E D E 2. A nuclear envelope forms around chromosomes. A. anaphase 3. The cell grows and replicates DNA. B. cytokinesis 4. A spindle forms. C. interphase 5. Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. D. metaphase 6. The genetic material condenses and Chromosomes become visible. E. prophase A B A 7. Chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell. F. telophase 8. The cytoplasm divides. 9. Sister chromatids separate. For Questions 10–13, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words. 10. Cyclins cell cycle. and growth factors are examples of regulatory proteins that control the 11. Apoptosis is the controlled series of steps that lead to cell death. 12. The first few cells that form a(n) embryo they can become any type of cell. are said to be totipotent 13. The hollow ball of cells that forms in early embryonic development is called the blastocyst . OVER because Chapter 10 Review Use the clues and words to help you write the vocabulary terms from the chapter in the blanks. cancer mitosis interphase cytokinesis 1. Division of the cell nucleus ___Mitosis 2. Division of the cytoplasm of a cell ___Cytokinesis 3. Condition in which cells grow uncontrollably ___Cancer Complete the linear concept maps using the terms below. All the terms will not be used. cancer 4. 5. During the Cancer cell cycle Cell Cycle a causes cytokinesis cell grows, prepares for division, and divides. cells to divide uncontrollably. Answer the questions. 6. The ratio of surface area to volume limits A. the amount of food a cell needs. B. the number of times a cell can divide. C. the type of cell. D. the size of the cell. 7. Why are most cells small? If a cell grew too big, it would have trouble moving food & water in and waste out. 8. Which of the following is a form of asexual reproduction? A. binary fission C. fusion B. fertilization D. meiosis 9. “As organisms develop, their cells differentiate into specialized cells.” In this sentence, differentiate means A. to see a difference. C. to develop for specific jobs. B. to divide more quickly. D. to become less specific. Use the diagrams below to answer questions 10 and 11. 10. What is the name for the process shown here? ___Mitosis 11. Write the name of each phase on the line below the diagram. A. Anaphase B. Telophase C. Prophase D. Metaphase