Download FORENSICS STUDY GUIDE 1ST SEMESTER 2013 Multiple Choice

FORENSICS STUDY GUIDE 1ST SEMESTER 2013
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Fingerprints & firearms are classified as what type of evidence?
a. biological b. physical c. miscellaneous d. chemical
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2. In dealing with firearms evidence, you can pick the gun by the barrel using a pencil or other object.
a. true b. false
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3. What percent of the population have plain whorls?
a. 5 b. 24 c. 35 d. 2
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4. Which of the following is not a duty of the first officer on the scene?
a. note any changes to the scene b. detain and separate witnesses c. Assist the victim
____
____
5. Which of the following must you prove that a crime occurred?
a. Quid Pro Quo b. Modus Operandi c. E Pluribus Unum
d. analyze the evidence
d. Corpus Delecti
6. Criminalistics is
a. studies the crime for motive
b. the scientific examination of physical evidence for legal purposes.
interpret the evidence d. both (a) and (b)
____
7. Digitized DNA results can be entered into the
a. USPS b. IBIN c. CODIS d. IAFIS
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8. In order to determine if two hair samples match, you must have a hair from a known person.
a. true b. false
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9. In dealing with firearms evidence, rifles and shotguns should be taken apart to fit in the containers.
a. true b. false
____
10. Seminal stains should be placed in plastic containers.
a. true b. false
____
11. Dactyloscopy is the study of
a. people who pick their nose
____
b. fingerprints
c. toeprints
c. studies the crime to
d. people who bite their nails
12. Which search method is illustrated below?
a. wheel
b. spiral
c. grid
d. line
____
13. Choose the category that best matches the detail: remember that our brains tend to fill in gaps in our perceptions
a. turn off filters b. document, document, document c. collect information first, interpret data later d. observe systematically
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14.
Which of the following signifies a fork in the ridge line of a print?
a. Island
b. Dot
c. Ending ridge
d. Bifurcation
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15. As opposed to a regular witness, an expert witness can give their
a. experience b. name c. background d. opinion
____
16. Which of the following is not used in collecting trace evidence?
a. vacuuming b. dusting c. tape lifts d. hand picking
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17. The majority of evidence being analyzed by crime labs is related to
a. forgery b. drugs c. mail fraud d. child pornography
____
18. A list of evidence and tests to be done is called a(n)
a. test and evidence list b. chain of custody c. evidence submission form
d. case form
____
19. What is the fourth step in how information is processed in our brain?
a. perception b. short term memory c. long term memory d. what we pay attention to
____
20. What percent of the population have a tented arch?
a. 2 b. 5 c. 1 d. 4
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21. Which of the following involves reporting & presenting.
a. reconstruction b. identification c. individualization
e. information from our senses
d. recognition
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22. In dealing with sex offense cases, the victim can be examined by female police officer or a physician.
a. true b. false
____
23. Who stated the principle “Every contact leaves a trace”?
a. Sherlock Holmes b. Leone Lattes c. Hans Gross d. Edmond Locard
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24. A secondary duty of the forensic scientist is to provide
a. training for lawyers b. expert witness testimony c. motive
d. moral support
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25. What type of fingerprint develop reacts with water and other fingerprint constituents to form a hard, whitish deposit.
a. iodine b. powders c. silver nitrate d. ninhydrin e. super glue
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26. Fibers and threads should be placed directly into a mailing envelope.
a. true b. false
____
27. You can use your fingers or tweezers to recover hair specimens.
a. true b. false
____
28. In dealing with controlled substances, prescribed medical drugs should be left in their original container.
a. true b. false
____
29. Choose the term that goes with the following definition: what a person perceives using his or her senses
a. deductive reasoning b. logical c. perception d. observation
____
30. Ridge characteristics can be found in
a. fingerprints b. palm prints c. footprints
d. all of the above
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31. The main forensic laboratory in the United States is located at the
a. FBI b. SS c. USPS d. ATF
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32. In dealing with tool marks, one should never try to fit tools into questioned tool marks
a. true b. false
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33. The most common type of fingerprint pattern is the
a. loop b. whorl c. delta d. arch
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34. How many deltas must a whorl have?
a. two b. one c. three
d. four
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35. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of both Forensic Science and all other sciences?
a. Competence b. Integrity c. Defensible Technique d. Unreliable methods
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36. Eyewitness accounts do not vary due to one’s personal beliefs.
a. true b. false
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37. Small samples of soil, wood, or cloth should be placed in clean metal cans and sealed immediately.
a. true b. false
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38. The Innocence Project is an organization that seeks to get convicted killers out of prison.
a. true b. false
____
39. Ink analysis is an expertise of the laboratories at the
a. USPS b. ATF c. FBI d. SS
____
40. In dealing with hair samples, the part of the body from which the hair originated can be always be determined.
a. true b. false
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41. Gunpowder & ink are classified as what type of evidence?
a. chemical b. miscellaneous c. physical d. biological
____
42. Testimonial evidence is considered _________ evidence.
a. Corpus Delecti
b. Modus Operandi
c. Quid Pro Quo
d. Prima Facie
____
43. Physicists use which of the following to analyze accident scenes?
a. Newton’s laws b. conservation of energy c. skid marks d. all of the answer choices
____
44. This individual developed primary classification scheme based on loops, arches & whorls.
a. Henry Faulds b. Juan Vucetich c. Francis Galton d. William Herschel
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45. The section of the laboratory that would be responsible for determining the DNA profile of an individual would be the:
a. Firearm and Toolmark section
____
b. Biological Section
c. Chemical Section
46. Who is known as the father of forensic science?
a. Paul Kirk b. Edmond Locard c. Alphonse Bertillon
d. Questioned Document Section
d. J. Edgar Hoover
____
47. Choose the term that goes with the following definition: a person who has seen someone or something and can communicate these
facts.
a. fact b. opinion c. forensic d. eyewitness
____
48. This individual required Indians put to put their fingerprints on contracts.
a. William Herschel b. Juan Vucetich c. Henry Faulds d. Francis Galton
____
49. The first police crime lab in the U.S. was in
a. Evanston, IL b. Los Angeles, CA c. Philadelphia, PA
d. Washington, D.C.
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50. In dealing with firearms evidence, never submit a loaded gun to the laboratory.
a. true b. false
____
51. Which of the following is not considered conditional evidence?
a. the odor of cigar smoke b. is useful in determining a set of circumstances within a particular event
specific event d. evidence that is important in crime scene reconstruction
____
c. evidence produced by a
52. Choose the category that best matches the detail: more information yields better interpretations
a. document, document, document b. collect information first, interpret data later c. observe systematically
d. turn off filters
____
53. Choose the term that goes with the following definition: relating to the application of scientific knowledge to legal questions
a. deductive reasoning b. logical c. perception d. forensic
____
54. Which of the following do lawyers and forensic scientists have in common?
a. legal & financial obligations b. moral & financial obligations. c. legal & moral obligations
d. none of the answer choices
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55. Large glass fragments should be wrapped in cotton or tissue to prevent breakage.
a. true b. false
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56. In dealing with firearms evidence, one should clean the bullets before submitting them to the laboratory.
a. true b. false
____
57. What percent of the population have double loops?
a. 4 b. 24 c. 2 d. 5
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58. The most important factor in a crime scene investigation is
a. establishing credibility of a witness b. if the physical evidence provides a lead.
identification of unknown substances.
c. linking suspects to a crime.
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59. What type of fingerprint develop produces a temporary yellow brown reaction.
a. ninhydrin b. silver nitrate c. iodine d. super glue e. powders
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60. Eyewitness accounts do not vary due to stress.
a. true b. false
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61. When collecting flammable fluids, volatile liquids should be placed into a plastic container.
a. true b. false
____
62. Which of the following is not considered pattern evidence?
a. Modus Operandi b. tire marks c. broken glass d. fire burn pattern
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63. Which search method is illustrated below?
d. the
a. grid
____
b. zone
c. wheel
d. line
64. Which section of the laboratory would examine a watermark on a piece of paper?
a. Questioned documents
b. Biological
c. Chemical
d. Trace
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65. Which of the following does the USPS not investigate?
a. mail fraud b. letter bombs c. alcohol d. identity theft
____
66. Choose the term that goes with the following definition: the ability to identify a concept or problem, to isolate its components parts, to
organize information for decision making, to establish criteria for evaluation, & to draw appropriate conclusions
a. analytical skills b. deductive reasoning c. logical d. perception
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67. The case that decided what evidence is allowed in court depends on what is "generally accepted" by the relevant scientific community
was
a. Dow v State of Michigan b. Frye v Daubert c. Frye v United States d. none of the answer choices
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68.
The following print would be classified as a _________________.
a. plain whorl
____
b. loop
c. plain arch
d. double loop
e. accidental
f. tented arch
g. central pocket
69. The section of the laboratory that would analyze a blood sample for the presence of drugs or alcohol would be:
a. Latent Prints
b. Trace
c. DNA
d. Toxicology
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70. If a forensic scientist can piece together broken pieces of glass from a bottle that was used as a weapon, it has
a. identification characteristics b. class characteristics c. individual characteristics d. comparative characteristics
____
71. In dealing with latent fingerprints, most fingerprints will be on glass, paper, metal or other rough surface objects.
a. true b. false
____
72. Which federal rule of evidence relates to actually proving something?
a. probative b. material c. both (a) and (b) d. none of the answer choices
____
73. The Secret Service was originally formed to
a. provide security for foreign nationals b. combat counterfeiting
c. protect the president
d. to combat aliens
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74. You should always wash and dry your knife between each bloodstain recovery
a. true b. false
____
75. The beginning point for obtaining evidence which will be used by the ____________ & the ___________.
a. crime scene investigator, medical examiner b. crime scene investigator, forensic expert c. forensic expert, defense attorney
d. crime scene investigator, defense attorney
____
76. To collect hairs from a suspect, the suspect should massage or rub their hands through their hair over a clean sheet of paper.
a. true b. false
____
77. Liquid bloodstain samples should be frozen and used within 48 hours.
a. true b. false
____
78. The court case of Daubert vs Merrell Dow, changed the standard of admission of scientific evidence. The case occurred in the
a. 1950's b. 1920's c. 1990's d. 1970's
____
79. What is used by forensic scientists to connect the crime scene, the victim, & the criminal?
a. interrogation b. eyewitnesses c. testimony d. physical evidence
____
80. There are two preservation methods for collecting a blood sample during an autopsy.
a. true b. false
____
81. When collecting a saliva sample, you can use a plastic container.
a. true b. false
____
82. Choose the term that goes with the following definition: interpreting information received from the senses
a. perception b. deductive reasoning c. opinion d. logical
____
83. Which search method is illustrated below?
a. grid
b. zone
c. line
d. wheel
____
84. Which of the following examples is not considered to be a part of body evidence?
a. the position of the body b. blood spatter c. the type of wound d. rigor mortis
____
85. Forensic scientists are
a. can not tell the difference between independent and dependent facts
of fact. d. all of the answer choices
b. are dependent finders of fact
____
86. If we remember seeing something happen, we can trust that it happened just as we think it did.
a. true b. false
____
87. Which evidence characteristic can identify a single source?
a. class b. individual
____
88. Fibers and threads can be found in hit and run vehicles.
a. true b. false
____
89. In a hit and run, if paint is found, it will at least show the color of the part responsible.
a. true b. false
____
90. What would be the best way of visualizing a print found on a matchbook?
a. dusting and lifting b. it would not be possible to visualize a print on a matchbook
____
91. When collecting glass evidence, shoes and clothes should be wrapped in paper.
a. true b. false
____
92. The majority of the evidence sent to the chemistry unit is/are
a. body fluids. b. involves ink identification c. drug related
____
c. superglue fuming
d. carpet fibers
93. What type of minutiae is illustrated below?
a. dot
b. bridge
c. island
c. are independent finders
d. spur
____
94. Drug evidence is an expertise of the laboratories at the
a. ATF b. FBI c. DEA d. USPS
____
95. In dealing with firearms evidence, photographs of the gunshot pattern is usually sufficient.
a. true b. false
____
96. What gland secretes fatty or greasy substances?
a. apocrine b. eccrine c. sebaceous d. thyroid
d. ninhydrin
____
97. The ________ loop opens up toward the thumb.
a. ulnar b. femur c. scapula d. radial
____
98. Counterfeit money evidence is analyzed by which unit?
a. photography b. firearms c. questioned documents
____
d. fingerprints
99. A fingerprint left on a metal surface is composed mostly of
a. organic compounds b. amino acids c. water d. salt
____
100. Which of the following does NOT apply to Daubert v Dow?
a. whether rate of error is acceptable. b. judge decides if evidence can be entered into trial. c. scientific evidence is allowed in
courtroom if it is generally accepted by the scientific community. d. whether the theory can be tested.
____
101. In dealing with firearms evidence, gunshot residue is extremely fragile evidence.
a. true b. false
____
102. Forensic scientists may examine evidence concerning
a. civil cases b. both civil and criminal cases c. criminal cases
d. none of the answer choices
____
103. In dealing with latent fingerprints, fingerprints on paper or documents should be placed individually in cellophane or manilla
envelopes.
a. true b. false
____
104. Shoeprints & typewriting are classified as what type of evidence?
a. chemical b. biological c. physical d. miscellaneous
____
105. A brain requiring an alcohol level analysis would be sent to which of the following units?
a. physics b. biosciences c. chemical d. toxicology
____
106. The __________ unit can analyze ink, handwriting and obliterations.
a. toxicology b. chemistry c. trace evidence d. questioned documents
____
107. Three types of fingerprints were discussed in class. Which of the following is not a type of fingerprint?
a. impression b. characteristic c. visible d. latent
____
108. Cartridge case evidence is analyzed by which unit?
a. firearms b. photography c. fingerprints d. questioned documents
____
109. Evidence is defined as:
a. Information gathered that satisfies the Federal and State rules of evidence b. Any materials gathered from a crime scene
c. Information only used by prosecution to convict a guilty person d. A and C e. A, B and C
____
110. A gas chromatography mass spectrometer would be most likely found in which unit?
a. chemical b. physics c. biosciences d. toxicology
____
111. Arson evidence is an expertise of the laboratories at the
a. FBI b. USPS c. ATF d. DEA
____
112. When obtaining samples for comparison, you should collect all layers down to the metal.
a. true b. false
____
113. In dealing with latent fingerprints, lifted or developed fingerprints should be marked and sealed in an envelope.
a. true b. false
____
114. Which search method is most effective in houses or buildings?
a. zone b. spiral c. grid d. strip
____
115. In dealing with seminal stains, undergarments can be placed in the same bag.
a. true b. false
____
116. In dealing with firearms evidence, one can fire the weapon before it is sent to the laboratory.
a. true b. false
____
117. In dealing with controlled substances, each sample recovered should be placed in a paper container.
a. true b. false
____
118. Dusting is a technique used by which unit?
a. chemical b. firearms c. fingerprints d. toxicology
____
119. Small glass samples should be placed into plastic containers first.
a. true b. false
____
120. What type of minutiae is illustrated below?
a. bridge
____
b. spur
c. island
d. dot
121. Evidence is
a. anything found at a crime scene. b. anything that tends to establish or disprove a fact.
d. something that can only be determined by the arresting officer.
____
122. In dealing with firearms evidence, serial numbers can be duplicated on guns.
a. true b. false
____
123. What type of pattern is not covered by other categories?
a. central pocket b. plain c. accidental d. loop
____
124. Fingerprints are developed
a. after you're born
____
b. around age 2
c. early in fetal development
c. anything that is admissible in court.
d. During birth
125. This section of the laboratory might examine counterfeit money.
a. Chemical
b. Biological
c. Questioned documents
d. Chemical
____
126. When recovering bloodstain samples from large, solid objects, your should first place scraping onto a clean sheet of paper and then
seal in an envelope.
a. true b. false
____
127. A fingerprint is considered a(n) ___________ characteristic.
a. individual b. class
____
128. When collecting pubic hairs, a range of 30-60 hairs should be collected.
a. true b. false
____
129. If evidence has class characteristics
a. it has more probative value than direct evidence
student d. it can exonerate innocent suspects
b. it can link a suspect to a crime with certainty
c. it must have come from a
____
130. When collecting a liquid bloodstain sample, you can place more than one sample in a container.
a. true b. false
____
131. Seminal stains should be packaged immediately even when damp.
a. true b. false
____
132. Samples of flammable fluids found in the possession of suspects should be collected and compared.
a. true b. false
____
133. In order to have a representative sample from the head, somewhere between 50-100 hairs is desired.
a. true b. false
____
134. The term “Reason” that means the harmony of emotions and cognitive abilities comes from the ancient
a. Latin b. Greek c. Arabic d. Chinese
____
135. In what year did Frye v United States occur?
a. 1923 b. 1919 c. 1993 d. 1932
____
136. What type of fingerprint does NOT have type lines, deltas, or cores.
a. loop b. arch c. whorls d. radial arch
____
137. When there is a hit and run, you should collect the glass from the different locations in different containers.
a. true b. false
____
138. Which search method is illustrated below?
a. grid
b. zone
c. line
d. wheel
____
139. Evidence from a bomb sent through the mail is handled by the
a. ATF b. SS c. USPS d. FBI
____
140. What type of fingerprint must have one or more ridges entering & exiting from the same side.
a. whorls b. radial arch c. arch d. loop
____
141. Semen would be analyzed by this section to determine a profile based on DNA.
a. Biological
____
b. Impression
d. Chemical
142. Fingerprints that are actual indentions left is some soft material such as clay or putty are referred to as
a. Patent fingerprints
____
c. Toxicology
b. Impression fingerprints
c. Latent fingerprints
d. Rugged fingerprints
143. What type of minutiae is illustrated below?
a. island
b. spur
c. bridge
d. dot
____
144. A modern crime laboratory is separated by specialization into
a. units b. families c. sections d. groups
____
145. Plastic & fertilizer are classified as what type of evidence?
a. biological b. physical c. chemical d. miscellaneous
____
146. Which of the following is not an example of transient evidence?
a. blood spatter b. the temperature of a car hood c. bullets d. urine smell
____
147. Using the _________, you can investigate counterfeiting.
a. NIBIN b. SS c. IAFIS d. CODIS
____
148. What type of fingerprint would be placed on skin?
a. visible b. fingerprints cannot be placed on skin
____
c. plastic
d. latent
149. What type of minutiae is illustrated below?
a. bifurcation
b. trifurcation
c. double bifurcation
d. island
____
150. Crime scene documentation consists of all the following except
a. Collecting evidence b. Sketching c. Taking notes d. Videotaping
____
151. Accreditation is good for how many years:
a. 3
____
____
b. 8
c. 6
d. 5
152. Choose the category that best matches the detail: do not assume you will remember everything
a. document, document, document b. collect information first, interpret data later c. observe systematically
153. In dealing with firearms evidence, wrapping each cartridge prevents damage to the breech block or firing pin.
a. true b. false
d. turn off filters
____
154. Locard’s exchange principle implies all of the following except
a. Cat hair can be transferred to your pants. b. Soil samples can be carried from the yard into your home.
transferred from one person to another. d. Blood spatter can be used to determine a DNA profile.
____
155. Which of the following involves collection.
a. individualization b. reconstruction c. identification
d. recognition
____
156. A fingerprint pattern that has at least one ridge entering one side and exiting the same side is called a(n)
a. whorl b. loop c. delta d. arch
____
157. Our state of mind affects how we observe our surroundings. What mental state is the best for observing?
a. excited b. happy c. relaxed d. nervous
____
158. Paint, soil and fibers would be analyzed by this section of the lab:
a. Firearm and Toolmark
b. Impression evidence
c. Fibers can be
c. Questioned documents
d. Trace
____
159. Observations are affected by one’s emotional state
a. true b. false
____
160. Using the _________, you can compare ballistics with a gun.
a. NIBIN b. CODIS c. IAFIS d. USPS
____
161. Fibers and threads can be picked up with tape only if the jurisdiction allows it.
a. true b. false
____
162. How can class evidence be used to narrow a field of suspects?
a. the probabilities can be multiplied together to provide stronger evidence b. the more class evidence that exists, the stronger the
case c. class evidence can never be used to narrow a field of suspects d. both a and b
____
163. Where are all forensic standards kept?
a. state crime labs b. regional crime labs
c. FBI crime lab
d. none of the answer choices
____
164. When collecting paint samples involving a burglary, the tool should be directly placed into a paper bag.
a. true b. false
____
165. A paint chip that has several layers has great evidential value.
a. true b. false
____
166. Eyewitness accounts vary due to a lapse in time since the event.
a. true b. false
____
167. In dealing with seminal stains, the garments should be handled as little as possible.
a. true b. false
____
168. Which search method is double line search?
a. zone b. strip c. spiral d. grid
____
169. In dealing with firearms evidence, one should never mark the bullets.
a. true b. false
____
170. The foundation of the criminal justice system is to:
a. Provide entertainment b. Protect the innocent c. Bring to trial all the suspects
takes
d. Prosecute the criminals, no matter what it
____
171. A hackle mark is a name given to a window that is broken or cracked.
a. true b. false
____
172. In dealing with questioned documents, charred documents can crumble easily.
a. true b. false
____
173. A________________________ crime scene is possibly composed of many crime scenes.
a. secondary
b. primary
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
____
174. In dealing with questioned documents, it is important to request samples during a suspects first interview.
a. true b. false
____
175. Which of the following is not a purpose of a walk through of a crime scene?
a. arrest the perpetrator b. note points of entry of exit c. mentally prepare a reconstruction theory
____
176. In a hit and run, paint may be transferred to the clothing of the pedestrian.
a. true b. false
____
177. The Secret Service investigates which of the following.
a. drugs b. arson c. explosives d. questioned documents
____
178. Credibility must be established in which of the following:
a. victims b. suspects c. witnesses d. all of the answer choices
____
179. What is the second step in how information is processed in our brain?
a. perception b. short term memory c. information from our senses
d. what we pay attention to
d. note weather conditions
e. long term memory
____
180. Which search method allows you to move in either an inward or outward direction?
a. zone b. spiral c. ray d. grid
____
181. All of the following are ways to improve our observational skills except
a. write down and photograph everything you find b. when collecting evidence, record only those things that you are sure are
important c. be sure to look at the entire area, not just the body, weapons, or signs of break-in d. observe everything no matter
how big or small
____
182. When developing prints, several methods may be used. Which of the following is NOT a physical or chemical method used?
a. dusting powder
____
b. Ninhydrin
c. brentamine fast blue
d. Iodine fuming
183. Which of the following is not an abbreviation of one of our governmental laboratories:
a. DEA
b. BDF
c. ATF
d. USPS
____
184. What gland secretes mostly water with inorganic and organic compounds?
a. eccrine b. sebaceous c. thyroid d. apocrine
____
185. A questioned or unknown sample
a. comes from an unknown suspect
b. comes from the crime scene
c. both a and b
d. neither a or b
____
186. Choose the category that best matches the detail: do not pay attention to just what you think is important
a. document, document, document b. collect information first, interpret data later c. turn off filters d. observe systematically
____
187. The following print would be classified as a _________________.
a. plain arch
b. Loop
c. central pocket
d. plain whorl
e. tented arch
f. accidental
____
188. In dealing with questioned documents, they should be placed in paper envelopes.
a. true b. false
____
189. A saliva sample should be refrigerated.
a. true b. false
____
190. What are the functions of a forensic scientist?
a. to train or oversee others in collecting evidence at a crime scene.
a crime scene. d. all of the answer choices
____
191. Which search method is best on small, circular crime scenes?
g. double loop
b. to provide expert testimony
c. to examine evidence found at
a. grid
b. spiral
c. ray
d. zone
____
192. If you discover small, solid bloodstained object, you should collect the whole object.
a. true b. false
____
193. In dealing with controlled substances, all drug samples should be in unsealed packages.
a. true b. false
____
194. Laundry marks & photography are classified as what type of evidence?
a. chemical b. physical c. miscellaneous d. biological
____
195. Most secretions for fingerprints come from how many glands?
a. one b. four c. three d. two
____
196. Insects & fungi are classified as what type of evidence?
a. miscellaneous b. chemical c. biological d. physical
____
197. This individual developed a fingerprint classification based on Galton’s that is used in Spanish-speaking countries.
a. William Herschel b. Francis Galton c. Edward Richard Henry d. Juan Vucetich
____
198. The word forensic refers to the application of scientific knowledge to legal questions.
a. true b. false
____
199. Some common types of physical evidence are
a. fiber, soil, glass, bones, DNA b. toolmarks, drugs, documents, glass, soil
b but not c
____
c. testimony, eyewitness accounts, hearsay
200. Which federal rule of evidence relates to address an issue that is relevant to a particular crime?
a. probative b. material c. both (a) and (b) d. none of the answer choices
d. a and