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Trends in Graphs: Atomic Number & Ionization Energy Ionization Energy 2500 1 2 3 4 2000 5 6 Ionization Energy (kJ) 7 8 1500 9 10 11 12 1000 13 14 15 16 500 17 18 19 20 0 0 5 10 15 Atomic Number 20 25 On the periodic table, elements are arranged least to greatest by atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus. The periodic table is also arranged in groups which are vertical columns of elements, and periods, which are the horizontal rows of elements. Each element has ionization energy, which is the energy it takes for an electron to be removed from the atom. The scatter plot above shows the relationships between the atomic number and the ionization energy of the first 20 elements on the periodic table. There are for clumps of dots the green clump refers to period 1, blue to period 2, red period 3, and orange period 4. The ionization energy is high for small atoms and low for larger atoms, which means it is harder for a smaller atom to lose an electron than a larger atom. In each of these periods, the elements generally have larger atoms with low ionization energy and grow smaller with higher ionization energy, as the elements move across the period. Also in this graph you can see what group each element is in by taking the first dot in each clump and putting them together giving you the start of that group on the periodic table this shows an increase of ionization energy as you move down the group. This is the same for the rest of the dots in line so that you can see the group they appear in on the periodic table. These are some relationships between atomic number and ionization energy. Trends and Graphs: Atomic Number & Atomic Radius Atomic Radius 0.25 1 2 3 4 0.2 5 6 Atomic Rasius (nm) 7 8 0.15 9 10 11 12 0.1 13 14 15 0.05 16 17 18 19 0 20 0 5 10 15 20 25 Atomic Number On the periodic table, elements are arranged least to greatest by atomic number which is the number of protons in the nucleus. The periodic table is also arranged in groups which are vertical columns of elements and periods, which are the horizontal rows of elements. Also, each element on the periodic table has an atomic radius, which indicates the size of the atom. In the scatter plot above, is a list of elements plotted by their atomic number and atomic radius. As you can see there are four clumps of elements. These clumps are related by period on the periodic table. The green clumps is period 1, red period 2, yellow period 3, and grey the start of period 4. Also you can see in the graph that, the atomic radius starts big in each period and gets smaller as it moves across the period. Also in this scatter plot you are able to see the group relationships between the atomic radius and number. If you look at the first dot in every clump and put them together you have the first group in the periodic table which is group 1A. This continues to increase for the rest of the dots in line. These are some of the relationships between the atomic number, and atomic radius on the periodic table.