Download Test Ch. 27 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes

Test Ch. 27
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
CATEGORY
COLOR
SURFACE
TEMPERATURE
(°C)
M
K
less than 3,500
orange
G
F
5,000–6,000
yellow-white
A
B
O
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3,500–5,000
6,000–7,500
7,500–10,000
blue-white
10,000–30,000
above 30,000
1. The color of a star in category O in the table above would most likely be
A. blue.
B. blue-white.
C. yellow.
D. red.
2. A star in category G in the table above would most likely be
A. blue.
B. blue-white.
C. yellow.
D. red.
3. A device for separating light into different colors is known as a
A. bright-line emission.
B. spectroscope.
C. Cepheid variable.
D. H-R diagram.
4. Starlight passing through a device for separating light produces a display of colors and lines
called a(n)
A. barred spiral.
B. shift.
C. open cluster.
D. spectrum.
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5. An apparent shift in the wavelength of light emitted by a light source moving toward or
away from an observer is known as
A. spectrum analysis.
B. parallax.
C. the Doppler effect.
D. a Cepheid variable.
6. A star that has a blue-shifted spectrum is most likely moving
A. toward the earth.
B. away from the sun.
C. around the Milky Way Galaxy.
D. toward a black hole.
7. The apparent change in the position of an object resulting from a change in the angle or in
the position from which it is viewed is called
A. stellar magnitude.
B. spectroscopy.
C. the Doppler effect.
D. parallax.
8. How far is the sun from the earth?
A. 4.3 light-minutes
B. 8.3 light-minutes
C. 9 light-years
D. 680 light-years
9. A star that experiences regular changes in brightness over time is called a
A. Cepheid variable.
B. supernova.
C. binary star.
D. quasar.
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10. In which region of the diagram does the sun lie?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
11. What type of star is generally located in region A of this Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
A. main-sequence
B. protostar
C. giant
D. white dwarf
12. A star with which of the following apparent magnitudes would appear brightest?
A. 10
B. 5
C. 1
D. –5
13. The apparent magnitude of a star is a measure of its
A. surface temperature and composition.
B. distance from the earth.
C. brightness as it appears from the earth.
D. position on the H-R diagram.
14. Which of the following apparent magnitudes is dimmest?
A. 4
B. 2
C. 0
D. –2
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15. What stage of stellar evolution is the sun experiencing at this time?
A. giant
B. white dwarf
C. protostar
D. main-sequence
16. A plot of surface temperatures of stars against their absolute magnitude is called
A. an H-R diagram.
B. a Cepheid variable.
C. a constellation map.
D. a spectrum.
17. Which of the following stages is the earliest in the development of a star?
A. neutron star
B. protostar
C. nebula
D. giant
18. Nuclear fusion begins when temperatures within a protostar reach over
A. 30,000ºC.
B. 300,000ºC.
C. 10,000,000ºC.
D. 150,000,000ºC.
19. Which type of star maintains a stable size because the energy from fusion balances the
force of gravity?
A. main-sequence
B. neutron star
C. pulsar
D. supergiant
20. Which stage of stellar evolution is characterized by the fusion of hydrogen atoms into
helium atoms?
A. main-sequence
B. neutron star
C. nova
D. white dwarf
21. Which stage in stellar evolution is the longest?
A. supergiant
B. neutron star
C. black hole
D. main-sequence
22. A main-sequence star maintains a stable size as long as it has an ample supply of hydrogen
to fuse into
A. helium.
B. magnesium.
C. protactinium.
D. iron.
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23. A pulsar is a type of
A. protostar.
B. neutron star.
C. white dwarf.
D. supergiant.
24. The end of which stage of stellar evolution is marked by the end of helium fusion?
A. protostar
B. neutron star
C. black dwarf
D. red giant
25. In the last stage of stellar evolution following a supernova, stars too massive to form
neutron stars may form a
A. black dwarf.
B. red supergiant.
C. white dwarf.
D. black hole.
26. In which stage of stellar evolution does combined hydrogen fusion and helium fusion cause
a star’s outer shell to expand?
A. supernova
B. red giant
C. main-sequence
D. protostar
27. Stars that emit two beams of radiation that can be detected as radio waves are called
A. nebulae.
B. protostars.
C. pulsars.
D. supergiants.
28. When a white dwarf star no longer emits energy, it may become a
A. black dwarf.
B. nova.
C. neutron star.
D. black hole.
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____
29. What stage in the life of a star 10 times more massive than the sun is missing in this chart?
A. supernova
B. neutron star
C. black hole
D. red giant
30. Astronomers label the stars in a constellation according to their
A. color.
B. apparent magnitude.
C. size.
D. absolute magnitude.
31. Large-scale groups of stars bound together by gravitational attraction are known as
A. galaxies.
B. multiple-star systems.
C. Cepheids.
D. clusters.
Completion
Complete each statement.
Quasars
Apparent magnitude(s)
Absolute magnitude(s)
Galaxies
Word Bank
Color
Doppler Effect
Constellations
Polaris
Parallax
Sirius
Red Shift
32. The surface temperature of a star is indicated by what physical characteristic?
____________________
33. The apparent shift in the spectrum of a star as it moves toward or away from the earth is
explained by the phenomenon known as the ____________________.
34. To observers in North America, most stars appear to move around the star called
____________________.
35. The only direct method scientists use to measure the distance from the earth to stars is
known as ____________________.
36. The H-R diagram plots the surface temperature of stars against their
____________________.
37. The true brightness of a star is called its ____________________.
38. Scientists continue to divide the sky into sectors using star patterns called
____________________.
39. The most distant objects that have been observed from the earth are called
____________________.
Essay
40. How do astronomers try to locate black holes?
41. Explain how a nova occurs.
Test Ch. 27
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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A
C
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D
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A
COMPLETION
32. ANS: color
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PTS: 2
33. ANS: Doppler effect
PTS: 2
34. ANS: Polaris
PTS: 2
35. ANS: parallax
PTS: 2
36. ANS: absolute magnitudes
PTS: 2
37. ANS: absolute magnitude
PTS: 2
38. ANS: constellations
PTS: 2
39. ANS: quasars
PTS:
2
ESSAY
40. ANS:
Astronomers theorize that a black hole can be located by observing its effect on a
companion star. Just before matter from a companion star is pulled into a black hole, it
gives off X rays. Astronomers try to locate the black holes by detecting these X rays from
the earth.
PTS: 5
41. ANS:
Astronomers think novas occur in white dwarfs that revolve around a giant or
main-sequence star. The white dwarf has a greater surface gravitational attraction because
it is denser, and gases from the companion star accumulate on the white dwarf. This causes
the pressure in the white dwarf to increase until it explodes, creating a nova.
PTS:
5