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Environmental Chemistry 3310, Semester 2 2007 LECTURES: A/Professor Dylan Jayatilaka and Dr Sam Saunders Due to time constraints the lectures may not cover all the material described in the course outline. Additional, independent reading will be required from various texts recommended through the course. LABORATORY: The laboratory work begins in week 7/8 of semester and continues through to the end. Part 1. Atmospheric chemistry: Dr Sam Saunders Atmospheric chemistry, general concepts/principles/ideas When is a substance a pollutant? Approaches to the prevention of pollution Regions of the atmosphere Components of ‘pure’ dry atmosphere Concentration units for gases Reservoirs, sources and sinks Timescales and distribution Steady state vs. equilibrium Residence time Long term trends Why is Chemistry so important?? Photochemical reactions Reactions involving free radicals Measurements – spectroscopy and kinetics Thermodynamics vs. kinetics The atmosphere as a non-equilibrium system Cyclic processes: carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, sulfur cycle Energy balances of the Earth Stratospheric chemistry: the ozone layer Environmental concentration units for gases The chemistry of the ozone layer The ozone hole and other sites of ozone depletion The chemicals that cause ozone depletion Systematics of stratospheric chemistry: A review Ground-level air chemistry and air pollution Concentration units for atmospheric pollutants Urban zone: The photochemical smog process Acid rain Particulates in air pollution The health effects of outdoor air pollutants The detailed chemistry of the troposphere Indoor air pollution The greenhouse effect and global warming The mechanism of the greenhouse effect The major greenhouse gases Other substances that affect global warming Global warming to date Predictions about future global warming, energy use and CO2 levels Air Monitoring techniques and applications Photolysis parameters, NOx NOy. Atmospheric sampling techniques for stable compounds. Discrete and continuous with various types of gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Transient and stable species by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), peroxy radical chemical amplification (PERCA) and fluorescence assay in gaseous expansion (FAGE), Proton transfer reactor-mass spectrometry (PTRMS) Development of chemical models. Data integration and representation. Validation - against laboratory atmospheric chambers, observation in the real world.n integrated approach. Concepts and designs of field campaigns. Case study examples Part 2: The Aqueous Environment: A/Professor Dylan Jayatilaka