Download Respiratory System Chapter 46 Section 3

Respiratory System Chapter 46 Section 3
46.3 A Internal and External Respiration
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External Respiration- __________ __ __________ between atmosphere and blood in
the lungs
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Internal Respiration-exchange of gases between the
_________ ___ _____ ____
Why? Because of cellular respiration, where cells use the oxygen to ________
______ from sugar and the by products are CO2 and water.
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46.3 B Nose
Nose- Air enters through the nostrils and then moves back into the nasal passages.
The nasal passages ________ ______ ____ ________ the air.
_________ line the passages to collect dust, bacteria and other pollutants.
_________is also created to help moisten the air passages and aid ___________
_________.
46.3 C Pharynx
• ___________- also called the _____________, air moves down through the throat
• The _______________ cover the wind pipe when food and drink is consumed.
46.3 D Larynx
________-also called the ____ ____, air moves over 2 pairs of tight ____________
that ____________ and allow for sound.
46.3 E Trachea
• ___________-also called the ___________.
• Cilia and mucus also coat the trachea, they move any pollutants from the wind pipe
up into the pharynx where they can be ________________.
• The trachea connects to the lungs.
46.3 F Bronchi
• The trachea divides into two large lungs, the __________ branch out into the lungs
like tree limbs.
• The Lungs are found in the ___________ cavity.
• Lining the cavity is a thin tissue called __________ which is like a sac with fluid in it.
Reduces friction.
46.3 G Bronchioles
• ___________- smaller pieces off of the bronchi that continue to branch and divide
into tiny tubes.
46.3 H Alveoli
• ___________-found at the very end of a bronchiole. They are tiny air sacs. This is
where the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide actually takes place.
• __________ of the substances is because of movement from high concentration to
low concentration.
• ___________ a protein in the blood cells helps to carry more oxygen than if it was
just dissolved in the plasma.
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Each alveoli is surrounded by ___________ They are very tiny, about 1 cell thick.
46.3 I Diaphragm
• The ___________, located below the lungs, is the major ___________ of respiration.
It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and
most of the time, ______________.
46.3 J Mechanism of Breathing
• Upon ______________, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity
______________. This contraction creates a _________, which pulls air into the
lungs.
• Upon ___________, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air
is _______ out of the lungs.
46.3 K Control of Breathing
• The control of breathing is done by the __________.
• Sensors in the blood stream sense high concentrations of ________ and then send
signals to the diaphragm to increase breathing.
• You can ____________ stop your own breathing by thinking about it but normal
control happens when you stop thinking about it.
46.3 L Asthma
• Asthma- ______________ of the airways to the lungs
46.3 M Asthma cont.
• Asthma is usually due to an ________ ________ ___________ to allergens or
chemicals in the environment. One major environmental cause can be _______
______ ________. Another cause can be can be pollutants in the air and then trying
to exercise on top of that.
46.3 Respiratory System Vocabulary
1. Nose
2. Epiglottis
3. Pharynx
4. Larynx
5. Trachea
6. Bronchioles
7. Alveoli (alveolus)
8. Epiglottis
9. cilia
___Small sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place
___Voice box
___Throat
___Hairs in the respiratory system which trap foreign material and push it back to the
throat to be swallowed.
___Tube lower than the throat but below the voice box
___First branch which goes into the lungs from the bronchi
___This covers the opening to the lungs when food or drink is consumed
___First place air goes toward the lung and where air gets moistened and particles get
trapped
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46.3 Respiratory Vocabulary cont
1. Hemoglobin
2. Pleura
3. Bronchioles
4. Inspiration
5. Expiration
6. Bronchus
7. External respiration
8. Internal respiration
9. mucus
__Breathing in
__Breathing out
__One of two main branches of the tubes of respiration
__Thick fluid found in the throat and lungs used to trap bacteria
__A protein molecule that helps to carry oxygen in the blood cells
__The lining of the lung cavity which produces fluid to reduce friction
__Exchange of gases between the air and the blood
__Exchange of gases between the blood and the cells
46.3 Objectives (full sentence complete answers)
1. List the structures involved in external respiration AND THEIR MAIN ROLE IN
RESPIRATION.
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2. Explain the mechanism of breathing- (this will be on the quiz as an essay)
3. Contrast the differences between external respiration and cellular respiration(this one will also be on the quiz as an essay)
4. What is Asthma? –
5. What causes Asthma?
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