Download Ch. 9 notes

DRUGS ALCOHOL AND
TOBACCO
DRUGS
• ANY SUBSTANCE, OTHER THAN FOOD,
THAT HAS AN EFFECT ON THE BODY
• PRESCRIPTION DRUG – USUALLY STRONG
DRUGS THAT ARE SAFE TO USE ONLY
UNDER A DOCTOR’S SUPERVISION
• OVER THE COUNTER DRUG (OTC) – DRUGS
THAT MAY BE PURCHASED BY ANYONE
• DRUG MISUSE – THE IMPROPER USE OF A
DRUG
• DRUG ABUSE – DELIBERATELY MISUSING
DRUGS FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN
MEDICAL
– 18 – 25 YEAR OLDS HAVE THE HIGHEST
PERCENTAGE OF DRUG ABUSE
• TOLERANCE – THE BODY NEEDS
INCREASINGLY LARGER AMOUNTS
OF A DRUG TO GET THE SAME
EFFECT
• DEPENDENCE – UNABLE TO
CONTROL DRUG USE
• PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE – A
STRONG DESIRE OR NEED TO TAKE A
DRUG
• PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE – THE BODY
NEEDS A DRUG TO FUNCTION
NORMALLY
• WITHDRAWAL – SYMPTOMS THAT
OCCUR WHEN A PERSON WHO IS
PHYSICALLY DEPENDENT ON A
DRUG STOPS TAKING IT
– SYMPTOMS INCLUDE: CHILLS, FEVER,
VOMITING, CRAMPS, HEADACHES, AND
BODY ACHES
INHALANTS
technically NOT drugs
• SLOW DOWN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
• COMMON HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
WHOSE FUMES ARE INHALED
• PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
DEPENDENCE
• TOLERANCE BUILDS QUICKLY
• DEATH CAN RESULT EVEN THE FIRST
TIME IT IS USED
DEPRESSANTS
DRUGS THAT SLOW DOWN THE
ACTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
BARBITURATES AND
TRANQUILIZERS
• PHSYICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
DEPENDENCE
• WITHDRAWAL SEVERE AND CAN
RESULT IN DEATH
• TOLERANCE BUILDS QUICKLY
TRANQUILIZERS
STIMULANTS
INCREASE THE ACTIONS OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
SPEED
CAFFEINE
• FOUND IN MANY COMMON
PRODUCTS SUCH AS COFFEE, TEA,
OTC DIET PILLS, ETC.
• MILD STIMULANT
AMPHETAMINES
• PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL
DEPENDENCE
• SIDE EFFECTS – DREAD AND
SUSPICION
• “UPPERS”
COCAINE
• INHALED USUALLY BUT CAN BE
INJECTED
– CAN SEVERELY DAMAGE THE NASAL
PASSAGE
• PYSCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
CRACK
• VERY DANGEROUS FORM OF
COCAINE
• SMOKED
• THE MOST ADDICTIVE DRUG –
PEOPLE ARE OFTEN ADDICTED
AFTER USING ONCE
MARIJUANA
MARIJUANA PLANT
MARIJUANA
• USUALLY SMOKED
• THC – CHEMICAL THAT AFFECTS PEOPLE
• DISTORTS SENSE OF TIME
• AFFECTS SHORT-TERM MEMORY
• RESPIRATORY DAMAGE – MORE
THAN TOBACCO SMOKE
• PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
UNPROCESSED MARIJUANA
HALLUCINOGENS
• ILLEGAL
• ABUSERS CANNOT TELL WHAT IS REAL
FROM WHAT IS NOT
• MEMORY LOSS
• PERSONALITY CHANGE
ECSTASY
LSD
• STRONGEST HALLUCINOGEN
• EFFECTS UNPREDICTABLE
• BAD TRIPS – NIGHTMARE LIKE
PCP
• ANGEL DUST
• SMOKED, INJECTED, SNIFFED, OR
EATEN
• CAUSES VIOLENT ACTS
PCP
OPIATES
PAIN KILLING DRUGS
GHB
HEROIN
• ILLEGAL
• STRONG PHYSICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
• AIDS AND HEPATITIS TRANSMITTED
BY SHARING NEEDLES
TAR HEROIN
MORPHINE, CODEINE, AND
PAREGORIC
• STRONG PHYSICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
• USED BY DOCTORS TO BLOCK PAIN
ROHIPNOL
ALCOHOL
• ABUSE OF ALCOHOL CAN LEAD TO
THE DESTRUCTION OF THE LIVER
AND BRAIN CELLS
• PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
DEPENDENCE
AFFECTS THE BODY
• ABSORBED THROUGH THE WALL OF THE
STOMACH INTO THE BLOODSTREAM
• FOOD SLOWS THE SPEED OF ABSORPTION
• IN THE LIVER, ALCOHOL IS CHANGED
INTO CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER
WHEN IT REACHES THE BRAIN –
DEPRESSANT
– INITIALLY JUDGEMENT AND SELFCONTROL ARE AFFECTED
– SOON SPEECH AND MUSCLE
COORDINATION ARE AFFECTED
– MORE ALCOHOL CAN LEAD TO TOTAL
CONFUSION
– UNCONSCIOUSNESS MAY RESULT
HEALTH
• MODERATE USE DOES NOT CAUSE A
PROBLEM
• MENTAL DISTURBANCES SUCH AS
BLACKOUTS AND HALLUCINATIONS CAN
OCCUR WITH PROLONGED USE
• IT CAN DAMAGE THE LINING OF THE
STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE
• CANCER OF THE MOUTH, ESOPHAGUS,
THROAT, AND LARYNX IS INCREASED
• CONTINUED ABUSE CAUSES CIRRHOSIS
OF THE LIVER
– SCAR TISSUE IS FORMED DUE TO LIVER
DAMAGE
– SCAR TISSUE INTERFERES WITH THE LIVER’S
ABILITY TO FUNCTION PROPERLY
CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER
EXCESS CAUSES DAMAGE TO THE
LIVER AND THE BRAIN
ALCOHOLISM
INCURABLE DISEASE IN WHICH A
PERSON IS PHYSICALLY AND
PSYCHOLOGICALLY DEPENDENT ON
ALCOHOL
– ALCOHOLIC – SOMEONE WHO SUFFERS
FROM ALCOHOLISM
– AA (ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS) –
ORGANIZATION TO HELP ALCOHOLICS
STOP DRINKING
• ALATEEN – HELPS CHILDREN OF
ALCOHOLICS
• AL-ANON – HELPS THE FAMILY OF
ALCOHOLICS
TOBACCO
• NICOTINE – ADDICTIVE DRUG IN
TOBACCO
• CIGARETTE SMOKING CAUSES LUNG
CANCER, HEART DISEASE, AND
RESPIRATORY ILLNESS
• NARROWS BLOOD VESSELS – INCREASES
BLOOD PRESSURE
• SECONDHAND SMOKE IS A DANGER
TO NON-SMOKERS
• PREGNANT WOMEN WHO SMOKE
COULD EFFECT THE HEALTH OF
THEIR UNBORN CHILD
EFFECTS OF TOBACCO
• 4,000 SUBSTANCES PRODUCED FROM
CIGARETTE – 60% POISONOUS
• NICOTINE ACTS AS A STIMULANT
• CARBON MONOXIDE – POISONOUS
GAS PRODUCED
• TARS – 30 % - IRRITATE AND DAMAGE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
– STICKY SUBSTANCE THAT COATS THE
LINING OF THE LUNGS
TOBACCO PLANT
DISEASE
• BRONCHITIS
• EMPHYSEMA
• LUNG CANCER
• HEART DISEASE
HEALTY LUNG
LUNG CANCER