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Jan. 21, 2013 E.J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University Energy Sustainability and Policy 34:970:620 Cross Listed with 34:833:620 Energy Policy and Planning Cross-listed with: Integrated Energy Challenges and Opportunities-II (IECO-II), 16:335:502 Thursdays 9:50 to 12:30 Spring 2014 Classroom: Civic Square Building (CSB), Room 113 Instructor: Frank Felder, PhD Instructor Contact Information Civic Square Building, Room 249 Telephone: 848 932 2750 Email: [email protected] http://www.policy.rutgers.edu/ceeep/ Office hours: Thurs 9-9:50 and 12:30-1:30 and by appointment Course Objectives Familiarize students with the major issues associated with sustainable energy policy and planning and develop their abilities to conduct and assess energy related studies and their economic, environmental and social implications. This course is directed to Bloustein planning and policy students and students in the Nanotechnology for Clean Energy NSF IGERT and Sustainable Fuels Solutions for the 21st Century NSF IGERT. Course Description Energy sustainability and policy are critical components of state, national and international public policy. Issues surrounding the reliability and security of energy supplies directly affect national domestic and foreign policy, as well as environmental, economic development and land use concerns. Moreover, the policies, strategies, and programs adopted by both the public and private sectors will directly impact upon our lives as professionals, members of a community, and our families. This graduate seminar course will examine energy sustainability and policy through a timely, critical and practical approach designed to give students an insight into the factors that shape energy policy. This class will be conducted as a mixture of lectures, classroom discussion, and individual meetings with the instructor. Major topic areas include energy technologies, the nature and 1 Jan. 21, 2013 operation of energy markets, environmental issues, energy planning, and the components of a holistic energy policy. Required Video Lectures Students will be required to view the following lectures available at http://web.mit.edu/mitei/news/video.html 1. Meeting US Energy and Climate Challenges With Rational Policy, Severin Borenstein 2. Whales to Wood, Wood to Coal/Oil— What's Next?, Daniel Nocera 3. Why Bad Things Happen to Good Technologies, John Sterman 4. Uncertainties in Climate Forecasts: Causes, Magnitudes and Policy Implications, Stephen H. Schneider Required and Recommended Readings Required and recommended readings are either available on the internet or on the course’s Sakai website https://sakai.rutgers.edu/portal The primary text for the seminar is Sustainable Energy – without the hot air by David JC MacKay (hereafter MacKay) available for free at: http://www.withouthotair.com/download.html Academic Integrity All members of our community must be confident that each person's work has been responsibly and honorably acquired, developed, and presented. Any effort to gain advantage not given to all students is dishonest, whether or not the effort is successful. A violation of academic honesty is a breach of trust, and will result in penalties, including possible suspension or expulsion. When in doubt about plagiarism, paraphrasing, quoting, or collaboration, consult the course instructors. Please see: http://academicintegrity.rutgers.edu/students.shtml for further information. Schedule of Classes and Assignments ALL ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE AT THE BEGINNING OF CLASS January 23 Class overview and introduction to energy policy and planning KEY WORD: OBJECTIVES 2 Jan. 21, 2013 1. What are different objectives that energy policy and planning try to accomplish? 2. How are these various objectives measured? 3. What are the values underlying these objectives? 4. Can these different objectives be combined into a single objective? Why or why not? 5. What is the difference between a substantive objective and a process one? January 30 Energy Trends, Technologies and Implications, part 1 KEY WORD: SCALE 1. What is meant by scale? 2. Why is scale important in energy policy? 3. What are some major units of energy production/consumption? 4. Which units measure a stock versus a flow? DUE: 1. READING MacKay: Part I. Numbers, Not Adjectives, Sections 1-2, pp. 1-28 2. WATCH Video #1 February 6 Energy Trends, Technologies and Implications, part 2 KEY WORD: UNITS 1. How do you convert from one unit to another? 2. What are the units for oil, natural gas, electricity, and coal? 3. How many barrels of oil does the world use a day? The U.S.? 4. How much carbon dioxide does the world release a year? 5. What is the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere? DUE: 3. READING MacKay: Part I. Numbers, Not Adjectives, Sections 1-10, pp. 29-67 4. WATCH Video #2 5. REVIEW MIT Energy Conversion list on Sakai 6. MEMO #1: Write 800 word memo to the next President of the United States making your recommendations on the objectives that his/her administration should use in the evaluation of energy policy. Use a memo format and make sure it is written clearly, concisely, and with no grammatical errors. February 13 Energy Trends, Technologies and Implications, part 3 KEY WORD: TECHNOLOGIES 3 Jan. 21, 2013 1. What are the major fuel sources that the world uses? 2. Which fuel sources are used for which energy uses and sectors (electricity, transportation, heating, residential, commercial, industrial)? 3. What is an energy flow diagram 4. Which technologies can be used to make electricity? 5. What are the pro’s and con’s of each of the technologies that make electricity? 6. What is meant by the statement that electricity is an energy carrier not an energy source? 7. What is geoengineering and what are several examples? DUE: 7. READING MacKay: Part I. Numbers, Not Adjectives, Sections 1-10, pp. 68-112 8. READING Felder and Haut Balancing Energy Alternatives on Sakai 9. ENERGY LOG: Submit DRAFT energy log of your direct use of energy. Your log should be legible, self-explanatory, define all abbreviations, provide key formulas and assumptions, and contain references/explanations for each assumption. February 20 Energy Analysis, part 1 KEY WORD: SYSTEMS 1. What is a definition of a system? 2. Why is the concept of systems important in energy policy and planning? 3. What are examples of energy systems? 4. What is feedback? 5. What does time step or time scale mean? 6. Why is the definition of system boundary important for energy planning and policy? What is an example? 7. How do stocks and flow interact in a system? What is an example? DUE: 10. READING MacKay: Part II. Making a Difference, Sections 19-24, pp. 68-176 11. WATCH Video #3 February 27 Energy Analysis, part 2 KEY WORD: UNCERTAINTIES 1. What are the major uncertainties associated with energy policy and planning? 4 Jan. 21, 2013 2. What are the various analytical tools that can be used to address uncertainty in energy planning and policy? 3. How can energy policies and plans address uncertainty? DUE: 12. READING MacKay: Part II. Making a Difference, Sections 25-32, pp. 177-250 13. WATCH Video #4 14. ENERGY LOG: Submit final energy log of your direct use of energy March 6 Climate Change I KEY WORD: SCIENCE 1. What is greenhouse effect? 2. What are the categories of evidence that supports climate change? 3. What evidence questions or contradicts climate change? 4. What is the role of models in analyzing climate change? DUE: 15. John Holdren, Meeting the Climate Change Challenge, available on Sakai 16. READING IPCC Technical Summary on Sakai, Chapters 1-6 March 13 Climate Change II KEY WORD: EQUITY 1. How can equity be measured in the context of energy policy and planning? 2. How is the quantification of greenhouse gases by country versus by person used to advance equity claims? 3. Which countries and regions of the world are most likely to be the most adversely affected by climate change and how does that affect discussions about equity? DUE: 17. READING IPCC Technical Summary on Sakai, Chapters 7-14 18. Robert Pindyck, “Climate Change Policy: What Do the Models Tell Us?”, Journal of Economic Literature 2013, 51(3), 860-872 March 27 Energy Economics and Markets I KEY WORD: ECONOMICS 5 Jan. 21, 2013 DUE: 19. READING Executive Summary of Nicolas Stern’s report on Sakai 20. MEMO #2: Submit 1200 word memo on uncertainty in energy policies and plans. As an energy policy and planning analyst, what are the major uncertainties in energy policy and planning and how should they be addressed in energy policies and plans? April 3 Nuclear Power Plant Field Trip (details to be provided in class several weeks prior to the trip). We will leave around 6:45 am and return to campus approximately at 1 pm. KEY WORD: INFRASTRUCTURE 1. What is meant by energy density? 2. How much electricity does the world generation from nuclear power? 3. How much electricity does the U.S. generation from nuclear power? 4. What are the major pro’s and con’s of nuclear power? 5. What are the implications of capital intensive sources of electricity such as nuclear power? 6. How does a nuclear power plant work? 7. What is the different between fission and fusion? April 10 Energy Economics and Markets II KEY WORD: EFFICIENCY 1. How does engineering efficiency differ from economic efficiency? 2. What do supply and demand curves look like on a graph? 3. What is a negative externality? What are several examples in the context of energy policy and planning? 4. What is a positive externality and what is an example in the context of energy policy and planning? 5. What is the difference between private and social costs? 6. What is a market failure? 7. What is the difference between economic efficiency and equity? 8. How does cap and trade work? 9. Why do economists emphasize putting a price on greenhouse gases and what are the two major ways to do that? 10. How does a renewable portfolio standard work? DUE: 21. READ Felder paper on price suppression available on Sakai 6 Jan. 21, 2013 22. READ Felder and Loxley paper on solar vertical demand curve available on Sakai 23. READ Felder paper on energy accidents available on Sakai April 17 Case Study #1: Keystone Pipeline. More details including readings will be provided in advance of this class. April 24 Case Study #2: Shale Oil and Natural Gas. More details including readings will be provided in advance of this class. May 2 Final Exam; Three hour, in class exam. See below for more information. Grading Energy Log (20%) A 1-2 page summary of your direct energy usage over a one week period of time. The log should be organized, clear, contain appropriate units, and all calculations should be transparent and supported with references and key assumptions. Students will submit a draft energy log and then a final one. Comments will be provided on the draft log but only the final log will be graded. Memos (2 memos, 10% each for a total of 20%) Each memo should be in professional memo format, carefully written without any grammatical errors, direct, to the point, and key points supported with data and solid reasoning. Late memos will not be accepted. Memos must be handed in at the start of class (no emails or electronic copies). Case Studies (15% each for a total of 30%) More details will be provided as the date approaches. Final Exam (25%) Cumulative exam based upon the readings, lectures and class discussions. Questions listed in the syllabus are a good starting point for preparing for the exam. Class Participation and Attendance (5%) 7