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Unit 6 Outline Review
DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis
DNA Structure
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Basic structure of a nucleotide
Names and Pairing of Bases
o Pyrimidines vs Purines
o Hydrogen Bonding
Primary Structure
o Sequence of nucleotides
Secondary Structure
o Double Helix
o Backbone of deoxyribose and phosphates
Tertiary Structure
o Role of proteins including histones
o Multiple stages of coiling
Quaternary Structure
o Sister Chromatids
o Multiple Chromosomes
Differentiate between the following terms: DNA, gene, chromosome, chromatin, chromatid
Mitosis
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Connection to Cell Theory and Surface Area to Volume Ratio
Binary Fission in prokaryotes
Reasons for Mitosis
o Growth, Repair, Replacement, Asexual Reproduction
Cell Life Cycle
o Interphase (G1, S, G2) Mitotic Stage (mitosis and cytokinesis)
o DNA replicates in S phase
Phases of Mitosis
o PPMAT- know main characteristics of each
o Results in 2 genetically identical daughter cells
Cytokinesis
o Plant vs. Animal
Cell Division Regulation
o Cancer
Unit 6 Outline Review
DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis
Meiosis
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Produces gametes used in Sexual reproduction
Know the following terms: diploid, haploid, homologous chromosomes, gamete, somatic cells,
tetrad, zygote
Phases (be able to describe key characteristics for each)
o Meiosis I- PMAT
 Homologous Chromosomes Pair then split
 Crossing Over Occurs
o Meiosis II- PMAT
 Sister Chromatids split
 Results in 4 genetically similar daughter cells
Spermatogenesis vs Oogenesis
Genetic Diversity
o Independent orientation, crossing over, random fertilization
Nondisjunction
o Klinefelters, Turners, Down Syndrome
Mutations
o Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation