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Mayo School of Health Sciences Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency Rochester, Minnesota www.mayo.edu Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency PROGRAM DESCRIPTION The Mayo School of Health Sciences (MSHS) at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., offers a one-year postgraduate Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency for practitioners who desire advanced training in infectious diseases pharmacotherapy. The program provides the high-quality didactic and clinical experiences you need to become a well-rounded, infectious disease pharmacist. As an infectious diseases pharmacy practice resident, you will: • Develop expertise, knowledge and skills in infectious disease therapeutics. • Observe and learn about many common and uncommon infections from patients around the world. • Learn to function as an independent infectious disease pharmacy practitioner. • Strengthen your communication skills by presenting formal and informal lectures, and writing a professional manuscript. • Enhance your teaching skills by precepting general practice residents and/or students on infectious disease rotations. • Advance your skills in conducting clinical research. This specialized residency will prepare you for the challenges of infectious diseases pharmacy practice. During each rotation you will work closely with your primary preceptor, highly qualified clinical pharmacists, as well as infectious disease physicians and other allied health professionals. ACCREDITATION Mayo School of Health Sciences’ Infectious Disease Pharmacy Practice Residency is accredited by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). Mayo Foundation is also accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Higher Learning Commission. Higher Learning Commission 30 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 2400 Chicago, IL 60602-2504 (800) 621-7440 (312) 263-0456 Fax: (312) 263-7462 www.ncacihe.org 1 FACILITIES The Mayo Clinic campus in Rochester is comprised of an extensive outpatient complex, Saint Marys Hospital, Rochester Methodist Hospital, as well as multiple and research and education facilities. It is among the largest, most advanced medical centers in the world. PHARMACY SERVICES Mayo Clinic’s Pharmacy Services employs about 300 people, including approximately 130 pharmacists. The pharmacies operate 24 hours per day and provide pharmaceutical services, including: • Central pharmacy distribution • Sterile and non-sterile compounding • Computerized intravenous admixture and unit dose dispensing • Investigational drug studies • Skilled nursing facility dispensing and consulting • Decentralized pharmacist practice • Pharmacokinetic monitoring • Patient education programs • Clinical pharmacy specialty practices • Drug information programs • In-service education • Pharmacy Therapeutics and Formulary Committee support Mayo Clinic uses a computer-based pharmaceutical care (P-Care) monitoring system. P-Care integrates data from disparate computer systems, including pharmacy, admissions, laboratory and microbiology. Computerized algorithms utilize this data to alert pharmacists to potential situations where therapy, safety or costs can be improved. Performing daily pharmaceutical care duties, P-Care is used to: • Provide patient demographic data, laboratory data, microbiology data, medications, parenteral nutrition information and drug levels while on team rounds, during order processing and during medication profile review. • Identify patients whose medication therapy requires a pharmacist’s daily review. 2 • Identify and review treatments that are inconsistent with established medication rule-based algorithms. • Document pharmacist-performed clinical activities, interventions and monitoring notes. • Provide a forum for pharmacists, pharmacy residents and pharmacy students to communicate pertinent patient-specific, medication-related issues. CERTIFICATION Upon successful completion of your Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency, you will receive a Certificate of Completion from Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo School of Health Sciences. HOURS For the majority of the residency, your learning schedule will include eight-hour days, five days per week. In addition, if you do not have previous work experience in a decentral pharmacy, you will be scheduled to provide practice coverage four hours per week. POSITIONS Each year, Mayo School of Health Sciences admits one resident to its Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency at Mayo Clinic in Rochester. This ensures you will receive a comprehensive educational experience with close one-on-one instruction. Curriculum CLINICAL TRAINING As a resident in infectious diseases pharmacy, you will devote much of your time to comprehensive clinical training in: • Direct patient care services in inpatient and outpatient settings • Pharmacokinetic monitoring • Drug information • Research • Computer-based antimicrobial monitoring 3 DIRECT PATIENT CARE SERVICES Throughout your residency, you will be an integral member of a multidisciplinary patient care team in one of Mayo Clinic’s infectious diseases practice areas. By providing patient-specific pharmaceutical care services and developing pharmacotherapeutic care plans, you will enhance your skills in: • Developing problem lists and defining therapeutic goals. • Developing individualized therapeutic plans for infectious diseases patients. • Monitoring drug therapy and enhancing patient outcomes. • Providing drug information and education to health-care practitioners. • Counseling and educating patients on medication use. • Assessing and practicing evidence-based medicine. • Promoting cost-effective pharmacy practice. PHARMACOKINETIC MONITORING You will provide pharmacokinetic monitoring for the infectious disease services. You also will serve as an information resource for other pharmacists providing these services throughout the hospital. As part of this monitoring, you will: • Participate in ordering appropriate assays. • Evaluate serum drug concentrations. • Provide timely dosing and monitoring suggestions to the appropriate service. • Document interventions according to pharmacy department protocol. DRUG INFORMATION Throughout the residency you will: • Provide drug information to physicians, nurses, pharmacists and allied health professionals. • Enhance your drug information retrieval skills using a variety of resources. • Participate in medication use reviews and adverse drug reaction reporting. 4 RESEARCH TRAINING You will work on at least one research project throughout your residency year. Your primary preceptor will help you identify the project, which will give you experience in: • Organizing, planning and conducting research-related tasks. • Managing time and maintaining accuracy while multitasking. • Developing investigational skills. • Writing a research protocol. • Evaluating and completing a project. You will be encouraged to publish the results of your research in a peer-reviewed journal and/or to present the results as a poster or platform presentation at a national meeting. You will have time devoted specifically to your research project during the academic year. COMPUTER-BASED ANTIMICROBIAL MONITORING Mayo Clinic has developed a computerized program that incorporates data from several sources, including the pharmacy computer system and the microbiology and chemistry laborartory systems. Computerized algorithms that utilize this data have been designed to detect situations where antimicrobial therapy could be optimized. Examples of detected situations include infections not optimally treated based on organism and susceptibility patterns, drug interactions and duplications, opportunities for more cost effective therapy, formulary management issues, and inadequate drug or culture monitoring. You will work with the primary preceptor, infectious disease physicians and computer programmers to: • Assess the therapy of patients that have been identified as having potentially suboptimal therapy. • Intervene with medical/surgical services when appropriate. • Document interventions and outcomes. • Identify opportunities for the development of new algorithms. 5 ROTATIONS The rotation schedule for the one-year Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency will include: Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 weeks Rotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 weeks Professional conferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 weeks Paid time off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 weeks TOTAL 52 weeks ROTATION DESCRIPTIONS Orientation Your residency will begin with an orientation program, which includes an introduction to clinical services and to Mayo’s drug distribution system. Computer and drug information retrieval, training and departmental competencies also are completed during this time. In addition, you will receive orientation to the computerbased antimicrobial monitoring program and the HIV Clinic. Core Rotations During the program the following rotations will be incorporated into your tailored residency program: - Foundations in microbiology laboratory - Adult infectious diseases service(s) - Critical care infectious diseases service - Hematology/oncology infectious diseases service - HIV Clinic (throughout the year) - Computer-based antimicrobial monitoring (throughout the year) - Drug information (if no previous formalized training) Additional Rotations The Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency is tailored to meet your goals and objectives. You may choose additional rotations from: Infectious Disease - Transplantation infectious diseases service - Pediatric infectious diseases service - Infection control - Pharmacokinetic monitoring Complementary rotation opportunities - General medical/surgical intensive care - Internal medicine 6 - Cardiology - Hematology/oncology - Neurology - Bone marrow and/or organ transplantation - Pediatrics - Nutrition support - Nephrology PRACTICE COVERAGE If you do not have previous work experience in a decentral pharmacy, you will provide practice coverage four hours per week. The goal of this experience is to help you integrate your didactic and patient care knowledge into the actual day-to-day practice of pharmaceutical care in a tertiary care medical center. PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCES During your residency you will have the opportunity to attend these professional conferences: • ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting • Midwest Pharmacy Residents Conference • Infectious diseases specialty conference EVALUATION Core standards for resident performance have been established to provide clear expectations. The Residency Learning System (RLS) is used to ensure that you will receive ongoing feedback that facilitates the development of your skills throughout the year. This feedback utilizes consistent assessment criteria and provides a mechanism to improve your monitoring skills. GRADUATION AND CERTIFICATION Upon successful completion of your Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency, you will receive a Certificate of Completion from Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo School of Health Sciences. To successfully complete this specialized residency, you must: • Obtain a minimum of 2,000 hours of training time over no less than 50 weeks. • Meet the behavioral objectives for each rotation and for the program in general. • Complete a research project satisfactorily. • Contribute to providing the best patient care and to achieving the mission and goals of Pharmacy Services. 7 Faculty TEACHING FACULTY The Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency draws its faculty from the clinical, scientific and technical staff throughout Mayo Clinic. They are chosen for their commitment to teaching as well as clinical practice and/or research. Many have published and lectured extensively and are highly regarded in their field. You will have access to these individuals throughout your training with the opportunity to learn directly from some of today’s best practitioners in infectious diseases pharmacy. VISITING PROFESSORS/LECTURERS A hallmark of higher education excellence is the breadth and depth of information and experience provided residents by the faculty and visiting experts. Many prominent professors visit Mayo Clinic to lecture on their areas of medical and scientific expertise each year. As a resident of Mayo School of Health Sciences, you are encouraged to attend all conferences, lectures and seminars prepared for students, residents, fellows and consulting staff. LECTURES AND CONFERENCES Numerous internal lectures, journal clubs and conferences related to infectious diseases and HIV take place each month. Pharmacy education programs, case presentations and BCPS review sessions also regularly take place. Admissions PREREQUISITES To be eligible for Mayo Clinic’s Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency, you must have: • A Doctor of Pharmacy degree from an accredited college of pharmacy. • Completed a pharmacy practice residency or equivalent experience. • A Minnesota license or be eligible for licensure in Minnesota. POLICIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES The following Mayo School of Health Sciences policies affect applications and admissions to its programs: English fluency Fluency in written and spoken English is essential to succeed in the 8 program and to ensure patient safety. If English is a second language, you must be able to demonstrate fluency. Satisfactory performance on the Test of English as a Foreign Language examination or the Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency must be documented as proof of fluency. Your test results must be less than two years old. Immunization record For the protection of patients, residents and employees, and in compliance with state regulations, Mayo Clinic requires residents to be properly immunized. You must show proof of the following immunizations before you begin a program at Mayo School of Health Sciences: • Tuberculin test in the past six months • Varicella, rubella and rubeola immunity • Up-to-date diphtheria and tetanus shots • Hepatitis B vaccination or signed declaration Documentation of vaccinations must be provided to Mayo Employee Health Service prior to the start of the program. Health status Prospective residents will undergo a physical examination or nurse’s review at Mayo Clinic and will have the opportunity to update or receive the required tests and immunizations cited above. More information about the physical exam will be provided after you have been offered a program appointment. Appointment to the program depends upon successful completion of the physical examination. Medical insurance Residents must have medical insurance coverage during their program. Resident medical insurance can be purchased through Mayo Clinic. You can also choose to have your medical insurance covered through other, non-Mayo plans (i.e., insurance held through a parent or spouse, or an independent commercial plan). Evidence of medical coverage must be provided when your educational program begins. Background check Prospective residents must pass a criminal background check and/or drug screening required by state laws, prior to enrollment to Mayo School of Health Sciences. Resident responsibilities Residents are required to exhibit professional and ethical conduct at all times. 9 TECHNICAL STANDARDS Mayo School of Health Sciences accepts residents who are highly qualified for its programs. To be considered for admittance you should exhibit strong qualifications for the residency program you wish to pursue. Applicants to programs must possess the following general qualities: • Critical thinking skills • Sound judgment • Emotional stability and maturity • Empathy for others • Physical and mental stamina • Ability to learn and function in a variety of settings You must be able to perform the essential functions of the profession and meet the standards of the program. Residents seeking exceptions to these standards or reasonable accommodations should initiate their request with the program’s director. Application Process POSITIONS One candidate is selected each year for Mayo School of Health Sciences’ Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency at Mayo Clinic in Rochester on a competitive basis. The program begins on July 1. APPLY • To apply to the Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency, please: 1. Mail in one envelope an official transcript from your college of pharmacy and a curriculum vitae to: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Mayo School of Health Sciences Siebens Medical Education Building 1138 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 10 2. Complete the online Mayo School of Health Sciences application form, noting the following instructions: A. Under Education Information: • Do not include information about your high school or prepharmacy training. • Include information about your pharmacy school. • Include information about your residency training. B. Do not complete the sections titled Standardized Testing and Essay Questions. C. Under Recommendations, enter the information needed to provide three letters of recommendation. For those who wish to submit their letter of reference on paper, please download and print a copy of the reference form and follow the directions for paper references. References on paper should be mailed to Mayo Clinic College of Medicine in the same envelope containing the college transcript and curriculum vitae. • Your application and all supporting documentation must be received by Jan. 15 of the year you wish to begin classes. • Applicants considered for an appointment will be invited to visit Mayo Clinic for a personal interview with the program director and selected faculty. An interview can be arranged only when your application file is complete. • Mayo School of Health Sciences upholds all federal and state laws that preclude discrimination on the basis of race, sex, age, religion, national origin, marital status, sexual orientation, disabilities or veteran’s status. • Mayo School of Health Sciences is committed to developing and maintaining the very best education programs. Changes may be made to the curriculum and other aspects of this program as necessary to assure the highest-quality training. Stipend & Benefits As an infectious diseases pharmacy practice resident, you will receive a yearly stipend. The annual stipend for this residency in 2004 is $36,000. You are responsible for providing your living accommodations, although relocation assistance is available. 11 Pharmacy Programs & Career Overview FIELD DESCRIPTION Pharmacists are experts on the properties and proper use of medicines. They consult with physicians and other health-care practitioners on drug selection, dosage, interactions and potential side effects. Pharmacists are licensed to dispense prescribed medicines, and they advise patients on how to correctly use and benefit from their medications. Pharmacists are trained in the composition of drugs and, when necessary, may compound medicines, mixing chemical ingredients to form powders, tablets, capsules, ointments or solutions. Pharmacists are responsible for the accuracy of every prescription that is filled, often relying upon pharmacy technicians and pharmacy aides to assist them. Thus, the pharmacist may delegate prescription-filling and administrative tasks and supervise their completion. Most pharmacists work in a community setting, such as a retail drug store, or in a hospital or clinic. Pharmacists in hospitals and clinics dispense medications and advise medical staff. They assess, plan and monitor drug regimens, and counsel patients on how to take their medications when they are discharged from the hospital. Pharmacists also may evaluate drug therapy patterns and outcomes for patients. Pharmacists in community or retail pharmacies counsel patients, answering questions about prescription drug reactions and interactions. They provide information and recommendations on overthe-counter drugs, durable medical equipment and home health-care supplies. Those who own or manage community pharmacies may sell nonmedical merchandise, hire and supervise personnel, and oversee the business operations. Some community pharmacists help patients manage conditions, such as diabetes, asthma, smoking cessation or high blood pressure. Pharmacists may specialize in specific drug therapy areas, such as intravenous nutrition support, oncology (cancer) and pharmacotherapy (the treatment of disorders with medicines). 12 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES Across the United States, pharmacists held about 217,000 jobs in 2000. About six out of 10 worked in community pharmacies, either independently owned or part of a drugstore chain, grocery store, department store or mass merchandiser. Most community pharmacists were salaried employees, but some were self-employed owners. About 21 percent of salaried pharmacists worked in hospitals, and others worked in clinics, mail-order pharmacies, pharmaceutical wholesalers, home health-care agencies or the federal government. Employment of pharmacists is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations through the year 2010, due to the increased pharmaceutical needs of a larger and older population and greater use of medications. The growing numbers of middle-aged and elderly people - who, on average, use more prescription drugs than do younger people - will continue to spur demand for pharmacists in all practice settings. Other factors likely to increase the demand for pharmacists include medical and scientific advances that will make more drugs available, new developments in genomic research and medication distribution systems, and increasingly sophisticated consumers seeking more information about drugs. EARNING POTENTIAL The annual earnings of pharmacists in 2000 ranged from $52,000 to $89,000 a year. Median earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of pharmacists in 2000 were as follows: Department stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grocery stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drug stores and proprietary stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $73,730 $72,440 $72,110 $68,760 In addition to traditional benefits, such as health-care insurance and paid vacations and holidays, many pharmacists receive compensation through bonuses, overtime and profit sharing. PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Visit the following Web sites to learn more about pharmacy: • American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (www.aacp.org) • National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (www.nabp.net) • National Association of Chain Drug Stores (www.nacds.org) 13 Program Contacts For an application form or more information about the Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, please contact: Lynn Estes, Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency Program Director (507) 255-7519 Fax: (507) 255-7556 E-mail: [email protected] or Kate Ray, Enrollment and Student Services Director (507) 266-4077 (800) 626-9041 Fax: (507) 284-0656 E:mail: [email protected] Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Mayo School of Health Sciences Siebens Medical Education Building 1138 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 You can also request more information on education programs offered by Mayo School of Health Sciences. 14 Notes 15 Notes 16 MAYO C LI N I C CO LLEG E O F MED I C I N E C A M P U S E S Rochester MINNESOTA• Scottsdale •ARIZONA Jacksonville FLORIDA• 4500 San Pablo Road Jacksonville, FL 32224 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905 13400 East Shea Boulevard Scottsdale, AZ 85259 www.mayo.edu © 2004, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). 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