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BIBLE STUDY RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD The origin of some of these religions are as follows: Buddhism ……560-490 BCE Christianity.…30+ CE Hinduism ……400-2500 BCE Islam ………….622 CE Judaism………2000 CE Shinto…………500BCE Presented by: Dr. Alma Blair July 15 2012 INTRODUCTION Today, we begin the study on another of the major religions of the world: QUICK FACTS Judaism is the oldest of the world's four biggest monotheistic religions (religions with only one god). It's also the smallest, with only about 14 million followers around the world. A study in 2001 shows the following statistics about religions of the world: 1. Christianity- 2.1 billion (33%) 2. Islam – 1.5 billion (21%) 3. Secular/Non-religious/Atheist – 16 billion (16.1%) 4. Hinduism– 900 million(14.3%) 5. Chinese Traditional religion – 394 million (6%) 6. Buddhism – 376 million (6%) 7. Primal-Indigenous- 300 million (6%) 8. African Traditional- 100 million (6%) 9. Sikhism- 23 million (0.22%) 10.Juche – 19 million (0.36%) 11.Spiritism – 15 million 12.Judaism – 14 million (0.22%) There are ten (10) other religions totaling about 26 million people comprising the following sects: Baha’i, Jainism, Shinto, Cao Dai, Zoroastrianism, Tenrikyo, Neo-Paganism, Unitarian-Universalism, Raftafarianism, Scientology QUICK FACTS Place of Origin Israel Founder Abraham Sacred Text Torah Sacred Building Synagogue Holy Place Jerusalem Major Festivals Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Pesach (Passover), Shavuot (Pentecost), Sukkot (Tabernacles) Main Branches (Orthodox, Liberal, Reform, Messianic, Hellenistic INTRODUCTION Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the Baha’i faith all originated with a divine covenant between the God of the ancient Israelites and Abraham around 2000 BCE. (Genesis 12 1-5). The next leader of the Israelites, Moses, led his people out of captivity in Egypt and received the Law from God. (Exodus 20:1– 17). Joshua later led them into the promised land where Samuel established the Israelite Kingdom with Saul as its first king, (1 Samuel 8: 1-6; 9: 1, 2, 15- 10: 1-2). King David established Jerusalem and King Solomon built the first temple there. (1Kings chapters 5 & 6). In 70 BCE the temple was destroyed and the Jews were scattered throughout the world until 1948 when the state of Israel was formed. Jews believe in one creator, who alone is to be worshipped as absolute ruler of the universe. He monitors people activities and rewards good deeds and punishes evil. The Torah was revealed to Moses by God and cannot be changed, though God does communicate with the Jewish people through prophets. Jews believe in the inherent goodness of the world and its inhabitants as creations of God and do not require a saviour to save them from original sin. They believe they are God’s chosen people and that the Messiah will arrive in the future, gather them into Israel, there will be a general resurrection of the dead. They further believe that Jerusalem’s Temple which was destroyed in 70 BCE will be rebuilt. What is Judaism? It is said that Judaism is a religion of new beginnings, and a religion of hope. Judaism is one of the oldest religions known to people. It was born about 4000 years ago. It is a monotheistic religion, which means that Jewish people pray to only one God. There weren’t too many religions like this when it originated, which made Judaism very unique at the time. Most of the religions of that period were polytheistic, which means that they prayed to more than one god. The Star of David is the symbol of the Jewish religion. It is a six-pointed star. In Hebrew it is known as the Shield of David because King David had this star on his shield. Judaism is not a race Judaism is not a race because Jews do not share one common ancestry. For instance, Ashkenazi Jews and Sephardic Jews are both "Jewish." However, whereas Ashkenazi Jews often hail from Europe, Sephardic Jews often hail from the Middle East. People of many different races have become Jewish over the centuries. Judaism is not a nationality Although today Israel is often called the Jewish homeland, being Jewish is not a nationality because Jews have been dispersed throughout the world for almost two thousand years. Judaism is both a Cultural and Religious Identity Being Jewish means that you are part of the Jewish people, whether because you were born into a Jewish home and culturally identify as Jewish or because you practice the Jewish religion (or both). Cultural Judaism includes things such as Jewish foods, customs and rituals. For instance, many people are born into Jewish homes and are raised eating blintzes and lighting shabbat candles, but never step foot inside a synagogue. A Jewish identity is automatically bestowed on babies of Jewish mothers (according to Orthodox Judaism) and of Jewish mothers or fathers (according to Reform Judaism). This Jewish identity stays with them throughout life even if they don't actively practice Judaism. Religious Judaism includes the beliefs of the Jewish religion. The way a person practices the Jewish religion can take many forms and partially for this reason there are different movements of Judaism. The main denominations of Judaism are: Orthodox, Liberal, Reform, Messianic and Hellenistic. Many people who are born into Jewish homes affiliate with one of these branches, but there are also those who do not. Orthodox Jews Reform Jews If a person is not born Jewish, that person can convert to Judaism by studying with a rabbi and undergoing the process of conversion. Merely believing in the precepts of Judaism is not enough to make someone a Jew. They must complete the conversion process in order to be considered Jewish. Though the different branches of Judaism have varying requirements for conversion, it is safe to say that the conversion process is very meaningful for whoever decides to undertake it. An important element in every Jewish home is the Mezuzah. This is a small hand-writing scroll containing the shema. The Shema is the Jewish statement of belief. It takes its name from the first word of Deuteronomy 6:4. This small scroll is placed in a case and attached to the doorpost of the house. Some Jews touch the mezuzah with their finger tips and lightly kiss them as they go in and out of their house. THANKS FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION UNTIL NEXT WEEK BE BLESSED!!