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The nucleus of
an atoms
contains protons
and electrons
A proton is a
False
particle with a
(protons and
positive
neutrons)
charge.
True
False
(cannot)
In a molecule
of water, two
atoms of
hydrogen share
electrons.
True
When an atom
loses electrons, it
is negatively
charged.
False
(positively)
Ions with
opposite charges
are attracted to
each other.
True
Substances in a
mixture lose their
original
properties.
False
(keep)
Blood is a
suspension.
An element can
be broken
down into
simpler forms.
True
1
Most compounds
that contain
carbon are
organic.
True
Proteins are
made up of
amino acids.
True
DNA and RNA
are
carbohydrates.
False
(nucleic
acids)
Lipids store and
release large
amounts of
energy.
True
Water is an
organic
compound.
False
(inorganic)
Anything that has
mass and takes
up space.
matter
2
Locked in
chemical bonds
that hold atoms
together.
Two or more
elements
chemically
combined.
Protein that
speeds up a
chemical
reaction.
The passage of
large molecules
through the cell
membrane into
the cell is called
_____.
Energy
A substance
made of only
one type.
Element
Compound
Electrically
charged atom.
ion
Enzyme
The smallest
part of a
compound
having all the
properties of
that compound.
molecule
endocytosis
Active
transport
always
requires
______.
energy
3
The movement of
molecules from
an area where
there are many to
where there are
few is called
_______.
Proteins are
transported by
the Golgi
bodies.
The cell
membrane is
selectively
permeable.
Osmosis is a type
of passive
transport
involving
elements such as
calcium.
diffusion
The cell uses
energy to
transport
glucose
through the
cell
membrane.
True
True
Diffusion is a
type of active
transport.
False
(passive)
True
No energy is
required for the
movement of
water molecules
across the cell
membrane.
True
False
(moving
water)
In exocytosis,
substances are
released from the
cell at the cell
membrane.
True
4
Carrier proteins
are located in
the cell
membrane.
Molecules tend
to move into
areas where there
are more
molecules.
The green
pigment in plants
is called ______.
A food chain
always begins
with a _______.
True
Random
movement of
molecules stops
once equilibrium
is reached.
False
(continues)
False
(fewer)
Plants get their
energy from the
______.
sun
chlorophyll
Organisms that
can make their
own food are
called ______.
producers
producer
The process by
which plants
change light
energy into
chemical energy
is called
_______.
photosynthesis
5
All the chemical
changes that
occur within the
cells of an
organism is
called _______.
Overworked
muscles can still
release energy
when oxygen
levels are low by
the process of
_______.
Consumers obtain
energy by eating
______ and other
consumers.
During
fermentation,
______ and
______ are
produced.
carbon
dioxide,
alcohol,
energy, or
lactic acid
fermentation
The
metabolism of
glucose when
oxygen is
present is
called
_______.
respiration
producers
Energy is
released in
the absence
of oxygen.
fermentation
metabolism
6
Energy source
necessary for
photosynthesis.
Sunlight
Causes
muscles to be
sore.
Lactic acid
Made and
stored by
plants.
Glucose
Obtain
energy from
producers.
consumers
Energy can be
lost in this
form.
Heat
Place where
glucose is
metabolized.
Contain green
Chloroplasts.
pigment.
Combines
with glucose
Mitochondria
during
respiration.
Oxygen
7
Fermentation
product in
yeast.
Organic material
from plants or
animals that is
used for energy is
called _______.
Biomass fuel
can be a solid,
liquid, or
_______.
Ethanol can be
mixed with
gasoline to be
used in any
__________.
Alcohol
Waste
product in
respiration.
water
biomass
The chemical
energy found in
biomass can be
traced back to
__________.
radiant energy
from the sun
gas
Microorganisms
convert the sugar
in sugar cane,
corn, and grain
into ethanol in
the process of
_________.
alcoholic
fermentation
A mixture of
gasoline and
ethanol is
called
________.
gasohol
gasoline engine
8
Wood alcohol,
or ________,
can be used as
a fuel for
automobiles.
methanol
Alcohol
production from
biomass is not
_________.
energy
efficient
Biogas is a
It is possible
mixture of
to change
gases that can
animal wastes
_______ into
be stored and
biogas.
transported
like _______.
natural gas
When biogas is
burned, it
produces fewer
_______ than
either coal or
biomass.
pollutants
Biomass reduces
dependence on
________.
fossil fuels
the waste
disposal
problem
Biomass does not
pollute the
atmosphere with
________ as long
as the plant matter
burned equals the
plant matter
produced each
year.
carbon
dioxide
Biomass makes
use of wastes
which reduces
_________.
9
When collected
and burned close
to the source of
production,
biomass has a
high _______.
Improper
management of
crop lands and
forests could lead
to _______,
sedimentation,
destruction of
reservoirs, and
flooding.
net energy
efficiency
The use of land
for energy crops
competes with
the ________.
growing of
food crops
soil erosion
Removing crops
and forestry
wastes may
reduce
________.
soil nutrients
10