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Centre Number Student Number 2013 HSC TRIAL EXAMINATION Physics General Instructions Total marks – 100 Reading time – 5 minutes Section I Working time – 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Board-approved calculators may be used Use the multiple-choice answer sheet provided on page 27 Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page, page 11 and the Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Pages 3-19 75 marks This section has two parts, Part A and Part B Part A – 20 marks Attempt Questions 1-20 Allow about 35 minutes for this part Part B – 55 marks Attempt Questions 21-31 Allow about 1 hour and 40 minutes for this part Section II Pages 21-25 25 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 32-34 Allow about 45 minutes for this section Disclaimer Every effort has been made to prepare this Examination in accordance with the Board of Studies documents. No guarantee or warranty is made or implied that the Examination paper mirrors in every respect the actual HSC Examination question paper in this course. This paper does not constitute ‘advice’ nor can it be construed as an authoritative interpretation of Board of Studies intentions. No liability for any reliance, use or purpose related to this paper is taken. Advice on HSC examination issues is only to be obtained from the NSW Board of Studies. The publisher does not accept any responsibility for accuracy of papers which have been modified. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 1 BLANK PAGE TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 2 2013 HSC TRIAL EXAMINATION PHYSICS Part A – 20 marks Attempt Questions 1-20 Allow about 35 minutes for this part Use the multiple-choice answer sheet provided for Questions 1-20 Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely. Sample 2 + 4 = (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 A B C D If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new answer. A B C D If you have changed your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then indicate this by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows: correct A B C D 1 Following an arduous trip to the Moon, astronaut Aung San decides to relax throwing darts at the dartboard on the wall of the settlement’s rest and recreation room. Taking aim at the bullseye exactly 3.0 m away, she throws the first dart horizontally. Relative to the time the dart would have taken had it been thrown when the craft was at rest on the launching-pad on Earth, which of the following best describes the time it takes on its current flight? (A) It takes less time (B) It takes more time (C) It takes the same amount of time (D) The time taken depends on the Moon’s gravitational acceleration. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 3 The mass of the planet Neptune is 1.025 1026 kg. Its equatorial radius is 24 766 km. An astronaut with a mass of 80 kg is in a satellite moving in a circular orbit directly over Neptune’s equator with a radius that makes the acceleration due to gravity there exactly 9.8 m s-2. Which of the given answers most correctly shows the orbital radius of the satellite and the gravitational force on the astronaut? 2 (A) rorb = 26 413 km; Fw = 0 N (B) rorb = 24 766 km; Fw = 891 N (C) rorb = 26 413 km; Fw = 784 N (D) rorb = 6.9765 108 km; Fw = 784 N. 3 Source - NASA – Image of the Day gaery Source - Wikipedia On 4th October, 1957, the former USSR launched the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, into a low-Earth orbit. Syncom-2, launched on 26th July, 1963, was the first satellite to be placed in a circular geostationary orbit around the Earth. Which of the following best describes the orbit of Syncom-2 compared with the orbit of Sputnik 1? (A) Greater altitude, lower speed, longer period, lower gravitational acceleration (B) Greater altitude, greater speed, longer period, lower gravitational acceleration (C) Greater altitude, lower speed, shorter period, greater gravitational acceleration (D) Greater altitude, greater speed, shorter period, lower gravitational acceleration. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 4 4 A rocket carrying a data-logger in its nose-cone is launched from the ground, as shown in the diagram. The mass of the data-logger is 2.0 kg, and the combined mass of the launch vehicle is 100 kg. The thrust force applied by the rocket engine is 1540 newtons. Which of the following alternatives most correctly identifies the initial acceleration of the rocket, and the initial normal reaction force that is measured by the data-logger, which rests on the floor of the nose cone? http://www.photographyblogger.net/20-awesomerocket-launch-pictures-by-steve-jurvetson/ (A) The initial acceleration is 5.6 m s-2 ↑; the initial data-logger reading is 19.6 N (B) The initial acceleration is 5.6 m s-2 ↑; the initial data-logger reading is 30.8 N (C) The initial acceleration is 15.4 m s-2 ↑; the initial data-logger reading is 19.6 N (D) The initial acceleration is 15.4 m s-2 ↑; the initial data-logger reading is 1540 N. 5 0.8 c Consumed by his implacable hatred for Earthlings the Zaxxon Warlord launched a solid metal sphere at 0.8 c directly at our planet. It missed. However, a photograph was taken by one of Earth’s space cameras as evidence for the Intergalactic Court. Which of the following diagrams would most closely resemble the photographic image? (A) 6 (B) (C) (D) The planet Mars has two satellites, Phobos and Deimos. The orbit of Deimos, the small outer satellite, is almost perfectly circular, having a radius of 23 458 km, and an orbital period of 1.0908 105 s. From this data, which of the following answers most closely identifies the orbital speed of Deimos and the mass of the planet Mars? Orbital speed of Deimos Mass of Mars (A) 1.351 m s-1 1.09 1012 kg (B) 1.351 m s-1 6.42 1014 kg (C) 1.351 103 m s-1 6.42 1023 kg (D) 1.351 103 m s-1 9.63 1024 kg TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 5 7 The half-life of a certain radioactive isotope is known to be 1 second when measured in a laboratory on Earth. Nevertheless, when a stream of these isotopes is accelerated to a very high speed, and then sent a distance of 6.0 108 m across space, the number of particles arriving at a particle detector reveals that their actual half-life is 2 seconds. If external influences and effects can be ignored, which of the following would be their speed? (A) 0.92 c (B) 0.87 c (C) 0.75 c (D) 0.50 c This diagram shows a rough 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional field. Which of the following alternatives best identifies which type of field it could be? 8 (A) An electric field around two objects carrying equal like charges (B) A magnetic field around two like magnetic poles of equal strength (C) A gravitational field around two objects in space with identical masses (D) The field shown here would correctly represent two of these alternatives. For Questions 9 and 10 consider the diagram below. 9 REGION 1 4.0 A 3.2 10-2 m REGION 2 REGION 3 6.0 A Two straight parallel wires 2.0 metres long and 3.2 10-2 m apart carry currents in the directions shown. The wire on the northern side carries 4.0 A due west; that on the southern side carries 6.0 A due east. What is the strength and direction of the force acting on the wire on the southern side? (A) 750 N due north (B) 1500 N due south (C) 1.5 10-4 N due north (D) 3.0 10-4 N due south. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 6 10 Consider once again the parallel wires shown in the diagram of Question 9. Not only is there a force applied between the wires, there is a combined magnetic field within the three regions identified in the diagram. In which region are there points where this combined magnetic field is zero? (A) In Region 1 (B) In Region 2 (C) In Region 3 (D) In both Region 1 and Region 3. 11 N S I When electric current passes through the solenoid, a magnetic pole is created on its right-hand end, and this interacts with the field of the horseshoe magnet. Which pole is created, and what effect does it have on the solenoid? 12 (A) A north pole is created at that end; the solenoid is forced to the left (B) A south pole is created at that end; the solenoid is forced to the left (C) A north pole is created at that end; the solenoid is forced to the right (D) A south pole is created at that end; the solenoid is forced to the right. P . f . g I Q . The diagram shows a thin coil having only 10 loops, which is free to rotate around the axis fg. When direct electric current is passed through the coil when it is located within the uniform magnetic field as shown, what is the coil most likely to do? (A) The coil would remain stationary (B) The coil would rotate around fg so point P comes out of the page (C) The coil would rotate around fg so point Q comes out of the page (D) The coil would rotate through 180º in either of these two directions. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 7 The device shown in this diagram is called an Aragó disc. The actual disc is a circular plate made of aluminium or copper, which can rotate freely on a crank handle. There is a long horseshoe magnet attached to the crank handle, so when it is turned the poles of the magnet move across the surface of the plate, which is observed to rotate in the same direction as the magnet is moving. Why does the copper or aluminium disc turn while the magnet continues to rotate as the handle is turned? 13 (A) (B) (C) (D) 14 The metal of the disc is attracted by the moving magnet Since the crank handle cannot be frictionless, the disc turns by the friction The changing field induces an emf that opposes the motion of the magnets The magnet’s poles attract or repel electrons as they move across the metal. The Aragó disk is an excellent example of a significant principle of Physics. Which of the following concepts does it portray? 15 (A) Ohm’s law (B) The motor effect (C) The law of conservation of energy (D) The principle of the AC induction motor. Paddle wheel – + Glass “rails” The “paddle wheel” tube originally made by Sir William Crookes demonstrated a number of the various properties of cathode-rays. Which of the following properties did this particular tube uniquely display? (A) Cathode-rays are emitted from the cathode (B) Cathode-rays are electrically charged particles (C) Cathode-rays possess momentum and kinetic energy. (D) Cathode-rays cause fluorescence when they strike certain materials. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 8 Consider this uniform electric field, one essential part of the Thomson experiment being carried out in a school laboratory. 16 Which of the following pairs of parallel plates is able to establish the particular field displayed? (A) (B) + 25 V (C) – 50 V + 150 V (D) More than one of these could 25 V 17 + 200 V .. .. .. (A) horizontal sweep fluorescent screen vertical sweep electron-gun (B) vertical sweep fluorescent screen horizontal sweep electron-gun (C) horizontal sweep fluorescent screen electron-gun vertical sweep (D) electron-gun horizontal sweep fluorescent screen vertical sweep Maximum K.E. [eV] 18 set up this field. This diagram shows the fundamental components of an oscilloscope. Arrows point to these various components, numbered from to . Which of the following answers correctly identifies what the numbers refer to? . 0V The line on the graph indicates the relationship between the frequency of the light illuminating the surface of a particular metal and the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from its surface, as measured by the stopping voltage of those photoelectrons. 4 3 2 1 0 5 10 15 20 frequency [ 1014 Hz] 25 30 Which of the alternatives most correctly identifies the work function of the metal (eV) and its threshold frequency (Hz)? (A) Its work function is 0 eV; its threshold frequency is 8 1014 Hz (B) Its work function is 3.3 eV; its threshold frequency is 8 1014 Hz (C) Its work function is 2.5 eV; its threshold frequency is 15 1014 Hz . (D) Its work function is 3.5 eV; its threshold frequency is 17.5 1014 Hz. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 9 ant p 19 Although superconductivity was discovered in 1911, no plausible explanation of the phenomenon was proposed until the BCS theory of John Bardeen, Leon Cooper and Robert Schreiffer in 1957. In 1972 it won the Nobel Prize for Physics. Although it is unable to explain the superconductivity of the ‘high temperature’ superconductors nowadays commonly found in high school laboratories, it has not yet been replaced by any alternative theory that can also explain the behaviour of these materials. Apart from one, all the following are precepts of the BCS theory for a superconductor at and below its critical temperature; which is the exception? (A) The electrical resistance drops sharply at its critical temperature, then decreases uniformly to zero at Absolute Zero (B) All the electron pairs move at exactly the same speed as one another as they pass through the crystal lattice of the material (C) Pairs of the material’s electrons ‘team up’ in a special electron-lattice-electron interaction such that the first electron assists the passage of the second (D) p-type dopant 20 1 Forbidden gap Acceptor level The positive ions of the material’s crystal lattice are attracted inwards by the first electron, creating a positive p-typeregion dopantthat draws the second electron inwards. p-type dopant Conduction band Conduction band Conduction band 2 3 Forbidden gap Valence band Forbidden gap Valence band Valence band Forbidden gap Forbidden gap Forbidden gap Acceptor level Other electron band Acceptor level Other electron band Other electron band Use this key to interpret these diagrams: 4 Conduction band Valence band Forbidden gap Other electron band Bands overlapping Acceptor level Donor level The above Band Theory diagrams represent four different materials, an electrical conductor, an insulator, a semiconductor doped with a p-type impurity and another semiconductor, but doped with an n-type impurity. Identify which of the four different materials is which. (A) 1 Conductor 2 p-type S/C 3 Insulator 4 n-type S/C (B) Conductor n-type S/C Insulator p-type S/C (C) Insulator p-type S/C Conductor n-type S/C (D) Insulator n-type S/C Conductor p-type S/C TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 10 2013 HSC TRIAL EXAMINATION Centre Number Student Number Part B – 55 marks Attempt Questions 21-31 Allow about 1 hour and 40 minutes for this part Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations. Question 21 (5 marks) Marks The mass of the Moon is 7.35 × 1022 kg; its radius is 1737 km. There are plans for Chinese astronauts to establish a permanent base on the Moon in 2021, in order to mine its surface for minerals. It will be necessary to bring air and food from Earth, whilst the ice found at the bottom of many lunar craters will be used for water. (a) State what is meant by the term ‘escape velocity’. 1 (b) Find the escape velocity of an object projected from the Moon [show working]. 2 (c) 2 Give reasons why projecting a 1000-kg object carrying lunar minerals from the lunar surface to send it to Earth would be far more successful than projecting the same mass from the surface of Earth for it to get to the Moon. TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 11 Question 22 (3 marks) v m s-1 A frictionless glider is moving at a uniform speed v m s-1 across a smooth horizontal table 1.225 m high when it reaches the edge, and falls to the floor and lands 1.8 m away from the table. 1.225 m Glider Marks 1.80 m (a) How long after leaving the table does it take to strike the floor? 2 (b) What is the speed v of the glider as it leaves the table? 1 Question 23 (4 marks) (a) Describe one advantage of using multi-stage rockets to launch vehicles into space and beyond. 2 (b) Identify which of the space pioneers Esnaut-Pelterie, Goddard, Oberth, O’Neill, Tsiolkovski or Von Braun you investigated. Apart from multi-stage rockets, state one of the concepts for which he was responsible, and describe its significance. 2 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 12 Question 24 (6 marks) Marks From Source To detector M1 SSM M2 The Michelson-Morley experiment has been called ‘the most important null result in the history of Physics’. This schematic diagram shows how light from a source enters the device, is split, reflected, split again, and after all that almost half of it is transmitted to the detector. (a) Using words or a labelled diagram, describe what is observed by the detector. 2 (b) Why did the scientists of that time believe that a ‘luminiferous aether’ had to exist? 1 (c) Identify how the light pattern observed by the detector should have varied had the aether in fact existed. 1 (d) The experiment carried out by Michelson and Morley was accurate, valid and reliable but produced a null result. Other experiments in Physics have also been known to produce null results. Outline why this particular outcome was significant enough to warrant such a description ‘the most important null result in the history of Physics’. 2 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 13 Question 25 (6 marks) A Liquid Na B from reactor Marks A technique called magnetohydrodynamics, MHD, was trialled as a means of producing electricity directly from a nuclear reactor. Sodium, a metal that normally melts at 97.7 C, is used as the coolant for the reactor core. It is trapped inside pressurised pipes, and forced through the reactor core. It heats up, turns to liquid, expands and forces its way through a powerful magnetic field. Potential difference is generated between the plates. (a) Identify the Physics principle involved in MHD. 1 (b) In the diagram above, identify which of the plates A or B would become charged negatively as the sodium flows in the direction marked. Justify your answer. 2 (c) Unfortunately, the efficiency of MHD for generating electricity in this way is far too low to make it viable. However, applications of the principle described here, where a metal is forced through a magnetic field to produce potential difference is very common. Use at least one labelled diagram to assist you to explain one example of an efficient means of generating D.C. electricity. 3 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 14 Question 26 (6 marks) Marks Scale Pointer Spring × N . Current-carrying coil S Soft iron core (a) Identify two functions of the light coiled spring in this type of galvanometer. 2 (b) Why is it necessary that the magnetic field is radial (using curved pole-pieces)? 1 (c) What is the maximum angle through which the pointer can turn to allow a reading to be taken? Justify your answer. 2 (d) Consider a situation where a galvanometer such as this is designed to measure a maximum current of 200 μA, which causes full-scale deflection. What would be observed if the current were to be increased to 250 μA? 1 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 15 Question 27 (4 marks) D B1 B2 p A Marks C q Each side of the square coil ABCD is 10 cm long. It has 100 loops of wire. ABCD is free to rotate on the axis pq. Initially it is perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.25 T. The coil is contacted by two graphite brushes: B1 is in contact with CD, and B2 is connected to AB. B The coil is now rotated through 90, AB coming upwards. the change (a) Determine in magnetic flux passing through the coil during this manoeuvre, showing working and providing the correct S.I. units. 2 (b) Indicating your reasoning, identify which brush becomes positive during this manoeuvre? 1 (c) Which brush becomes positive if this is turned in the opposite direction instead? 1 Question 28 (2 marks) The coil is connected to a 12-volt battery. The switch is initially open. At t = 2.0 s it is closed, staying closed until t = 5.0 s, when it is opened again. A graph of V against t is shown below from t = 0 to t = 8.0 s. On the same graph, neatly draw the graph of I against t showing the effect of the back-emf induced in the circuit because of the coil. 2 P.D. [V] 12 8 . 4 0 0 TRPHY13B_EXAM 1 2 3 4 Time [s] 5 6 7 8 Page 16 Question 29 (5 marks) Justify Hertz’ conclusion that the radio waves produced in his experiment actually demonstrated the invisible electromagnetic waves predicted by Maxwell. TRPHY13B_EXAM Marks 5 Page 17 Question 30 (8 marks) Marks (a) Using labelled diagrams in each case, describe fundamental differences between a photoelectric cell and a photovoltaic (or ‘solar’) cell. 3 (b) Photons of electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 5.6 10-7 m strike the cathode of a photoelectric cell, the threshold frequency of which is 7.23 1014 Hz. They are also used to illuminate a photovoltaic cell which has a band-gap (energy) of 1.22 eV. Showing your working, determine the outcome of each of these interactions. 4 (c) Identify why photoelectric cells are an obsolete technology, meaning that they are very seldom used in modern times, having been replaced by solar cells. 1 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 18 Question 31 (6 marks) Marks Section 9.4.2, column-3, dot-point 5 of the HSC Physics syllabus requires students to “process information to discuss Einstein and Planck’s differing views about whether science research is removed from social and political forces”. Contrasting their differing views on this issue, consider the following problem. In order to obtain the financial support necessary to carry out research, scientists have three principal sources – government grants, industry and the military. Discuss the potential limitations to their freedom to publish their results posed by each of these sources. 6 END OF CORE SECTION TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 19 2013 HSC TRIAL EXAMINATION Physics Section II 25 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 32-34 Allow about 45 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations. Page Question 32 Medical Physics 21-22 Question 33 Astrophysics 23-24 Question 34 Quanta to Quarks TRPHY13B_EXAM 25 Page 20 Question 32 – Medical Physics (25 marks) (a) Marks Describe how an endoscope functions. 2 (b) 0 1 2 3 4 Time (days) This graph relates to a certain radioactive isotope that is to be used as a diagnostic tool for a patient with a suspected cracked elbow that an X-ray has been unable to reveal. (i) What would be an appropriate label for the vertical axis of the graph? 1 (ii) What is the half-life of this isotope? 1 (iii) If the initial dose received by the patient was 0.48 μg of the isotope, what mass would remain in her system after 72 hours? 1 (iv) Outline how γ-radiation is produced and used in positron emission tomography (PET). Identify a potential hazard in the use of this diagnostic tool. 3 (v) (c) Material Air Fat Muscle Density [kg m-3] 1.3 925 1075 1 Velocity of sound [m s-1] 330 1 450 1 590 This table provides information about the properties of some tissues. (i) Determine the acoustic impedance of muscle tissue. 1 (ii) Ultrasound passing through body fat strikes a boundary of muscle tissue. Explain what occurs with the waves at this boundary, and I determine the ratio r at this boundary. I0 3 Question 32 continues on the next page TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 21 Question 32 – Medical Physics (continued) (d) Well over a century since its discovery X-ray imaging continues to be a major technique for medical diagnosis. CAT scanning is a more recent enhancement of the X-ray principle, exploiting the development of solid state computing during the past 25 years. Jmage 1 (e) Marks Jmage 2 (i) Identify a key reason why CAT scanning has not completely replaced conventional X-ray imaging in medical applications. 1 (ii) Explain the physics behind the way X-rays can produce visual contrast between distinct types of body tissues. 2 (iii) The images above show the lungs. Image 1 is a CAT scan showing a horizontal slice across the thorax. Image 2 is a conventional X-ray image with the front of the body facing. Account for the different appearance of the CAT image in terms of the way in which data from X-ray photon scanning is processed in this imaging technique. 3 Explain the use of the MRI imaging technique for obtaining scans, comparing its effectiveness and assumed level of risk against that of CAT scans. 6 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 22 Question 33 – Astrophysics (25 marks) (a) (i) 1 2 Marks 3 2 4 These images represent a binary in the constellation Circinus. The photographs were taken one year apart. What type of binary is shown in this set of images? State the reasoning for your answer. (ii) (b) (c) (d) Explain the appearance of this type of binary. 2 Consider the following table, which contains data about several stars: Star Spectral class Absolute magnitude Apparent magnitude Achernar B5 – 2.70 0.46 Betelgeuse M2 – 5.50 0.70 Canopus F2 –5.60 – 0.72 Deneb A2 – 7.09 1.25 Elnath B7 – 1.37 1.65 (i) Which of the stars in this table has the greatest luminosity? 1 (ii) Which of the stars above is closest to Earth? 1 (iii) Which of this group is the largest? Justify your answer. 2 (i) Describe the properties of a globular cluster. 4 (ii) Neatly sketch the H-R diagram of a typical globular cluster. 2 (iii) Why would it be highly unlikely for a hot blue star to be found there? 1 Cepheid variables have played a significant role in our understanding of the Universe. Describe what Cepheid variables are, and the particular properties of these objects that have led astrophysicists to significant discoveries that have changed the concept of what the Universe is. 6 Question 33 continues on the next page TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 23 Question 33 – Astrophysics (continued) (e) Marks Spectrum from the 2dF Quasar Survey (i) The diagram above shows the radiation spectrum typical of a quasar. Compare this with the typical radiation spectrum of a distant galaxy. 2 (ii) Compare it with the radiation spectrum of an emission nebula. 2 End of Question 33 TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 24 Question 34 – Quanta to Quarks (25 marks) (a) (b) Marks (i) The colour of one of the Balmer hydrogen spectral lines is blue. Using this information alone, what must be its nf in the Rydberg formula? 1 (ii) The wavelength of a different line in the Balmer series is 389 nm. Showing your working, determine the ni of that specific spectral line. 2 A partial solution to the energy crisis facing Earth’s future generations – that of an increasing population with their demand for energy, tempered by the fragile atmosphere – may lie in the fusion of helium-3 nuclei. Helium-3 is very rare on Earth, but there is believed to be a vast supply embedded in rocks on the Moon. The effective fusion reaction is: 2 23 He 42 He 2 11 H (i) The masses of the relevant nuclei are: H-1: 1.007825 amu; He-3: 3.016029 amu; He-4: 4.002603 amu. Determine the energy released if 1.00 kg of helium-3 is fused. (ii) Plasmas used for fusion are so hot they can only be contained by using “magnetic bottles”. Describe why the fusion of helium-3 would be ideal for this form of energy production. (c) Explain how de Broglie’s postulate of matter-waves was confirmed experimentally. The mass of a proton is 1.673 10-27 kg. If the nucleus of a hydrogen atom is considered as a cube with sides 1.0 10-15 m wide, with the proton “trapped” inside it, acting as a de Broglie matter-wave, what would be the speed of the proton in the simplest case, for which it is considered to behave as a single standing-wave? 3 Comment on the significance of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle, h written as x p , in this situation. 2 Consider the simplified model of an interaction between two hadrons below: 1 (ii) 2 (iii) u u d (e) 1 In 1924 Louis de Broglie suggested that since it was now accepted that electromagnetic radiation (waves) also possessed particle-like properties, then particles might also possess wave-like properties. He based his proposal upon what he called ‘symmetry of nature’ rather than any theoretical or experimental evidence. (i) (d) 3 + u d => ? (i) Identify the two distinct types of hadron depicted here. 2 (ii) Identify the quarks present. 2 (iii) What is the outcome of this interaction? 1 Assess the impact of the development of nuclear power stations for electricity production throughout the world. TRPHY13B_EXAM 7 Page 25 BLANK PAGE TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 26 Centre Number Student Number PHYSICS – MULTIPLE-CHOICE ANSWER SHEET ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS Question TRPHY13B_EXAM 1 A B C D 2 A B C D 3 A B C D 4 A B C D 5 A B C D 6 A B C D 7 A B C D 8 A B C D 9 A B C D 10 A B C D 11 A B C D 12 A B C D 13 A B C D 14 A B C D 15 A B C D 16 A B C D 17 A B C D 18 A B C D 19 A B C D 20 A B C D Page 27 BLANK PAGE TRPHY13B_EXAM Page 28