Download Blood Type in Humans

Name _________________________ Date ________ Hour _____
HW Packet Due October 16th
Lab
Nature vs.
Nurture
Due:_______________
Data Table
Hypothesis
Analysis
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Do in class
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Genetic
Disorder #1 Page 12
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Imcomp.
Dom.
Sex Link
Practice
Questions
Blood
Type
Your Points
Total Points Possible (20 pts)
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Lab – Plant Phenotypes “Nature vs. Nurture”
Background:
Is heredity or environment more important in determining the kinds of traits that appear in offspring?
For years scientists and psychologists have argued the relative importance of genes and how you are
raised. Many studies of twins raised in different households have yielded surprising data. We will
study the effect of genetics (the alleles you possess) and environment (the growing conditions) on a
batch of corn seeds. The corn we will grow has two alleles, Green is dominant G = green and albino
is recessive g = albino. The seeds you will use from parents plants were both heterozygous (Gg).
Hypothesis: By using a Punnet Square determine the possible genotypes of seeds produced by
plants heterozygrous for green (Gg).
Procedure A:
1. The teacher will prepare the sample of corn and albino plants into a classroom batch. .
2. One dish will be marked “dark” and placed in the dark to grow. The other will be
marked “light” and placed directly in the light.
3. After 6 days, observe the plants that have grown from seeds in the batches. Note how
many in each dish are green or albino (white or yellow). Combine your results totals
with those of your classmates to complete Table 1.
4. After your observations, place both batches in a light environment for several days.
Moisten again if necessary.
Data Table 1:
CLASS RESULTS OF FIRST OBSERVATION
1.
Plants in Dark
# of green
# of albino
% of albino
# of green
Plants in Light
# of albino % of albino
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Procedure B:
1. After 2 days, observe the plants. Note how many in each dish are green or albino
(white or yellow).
2. Combine your results (totals) with those of your classmates to complete Data Table 2.
Data Table 2:
CLASS RESULTS OF SECOND OBSERVATION
2.
Plants in Dark
# of green
# of albino
% of albino
# of green
Plants in Light
# of albino % of albino
BACKGROUND
Corn plants require two factors in order to produce chlorophyll (green pigment in plants that attracts
sunlight). They must have the proper gene combination (at least one dominant “G” gene) and also be
exposed to light.
When doing any experiment, the more data or results you can gather, the more reliable your
conclusions should be.
Analysis:
1. Explain why the percentage of albino plants in the dark in the first observation did not agree
with expected results obtained from the Punnett Square.
2. What happened to the percentage of white plants when those in the dark were placed in the
light for several days?
3. Does the percentage of albinos at this point agree or come close to the expected percentage of
albino’s in your Punnett Square? Explain.
4. What happened to the percentage of albino plants when those in the light remained in the light
for several more days? Explain.
5. Explain how it is possible for environment to influence or temporarily change the expression of
a gene.
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Incomplete Dominance Practice Problems
A. In guinea pigs yellow and white colors are incompletely dominant. They blend to form an
intermediate cream color. Cross a cream colored female guinea pig with a yellow male pig.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
B. In certain species of chickens black feathers blends with white feathers to make offspring who
are both black and white (speckled). Cross a black rooster with a white hen.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
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C. In garden peas tall is incompletely dominant over short. Cross a hybrid plant with a
homozygous tall plant.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
D. In the Japanese Four o' Clock, Mirabilis jalapa, red flowers are incompletely dominant over
white flowers blending to form pink offspring. Cross a pink and a red flower.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
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SEX LINKED PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. Cross a colorblind (x-linked) male with a homozygous female with normal vision. What is the
chance that they have a son who is colorblind?
2. Cross a hybrid woman with hair and a bald man.
3. In a cross between a white-eyed female fruit fly and red-eyed male, what percent of the female
offspring will have white eyes? (White eyes are X-linked, recessive)
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One Trait Crosses Practice Sheet
DISCLAIMER: BE CAREFUL EACH PROBLEM MAY BE DIFFERENT, A MONOHYBRID, A
SEX-LINKED TRAIT, INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE OR MULTIPLE ALLELES (LIKE BLOOD
TYPE)
1. Color in chickens is often incompletely dominant. Cross a purebred black rooster with a
purebred white hen. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
2. Cross a hybrid red-eyed fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with a homozygous white-eyed
fruit fly. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
3. Defective dentine is also the result of a dominant allele but it is carried on the X chromosome.
The allele causes the teeth to wear down rapidly and usually only stubs remain by adolescence.
Assume a female who has defective dentine (she is heterozygous) mates with a male who has
normal teeth. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
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4. A heterzygous round seeded plant is crossed with a homozygous wrinkled seeded plant. What
are the genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
5. Muscular Dystrophy is a recessive X-linked trait. Cross a heterozygous female with a normal
male. What are the potential genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
6. Blue-green colorblindness is an autosomal recessive trait. Cross a hybrid male who can see
blue and a female who is purebred blue colorblind. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of
their offspring?
Also, explain how they could have they could have 10 children, all of whom could see blue.
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7. Show the cross for a pure breeding short haired guinea pig and a heterozygous long haired
guinea pig. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring?
8. There are three different alleles for PKU (a disease where because you cannot digest
phenylalanine dangerous bi-products build up in your brain leading to severe retardation in
homozygous individuals with the severe mutation in this gene). It is autosomal recessive.
There are three different alleles: N = normal, M = mild mutation, and S = severe mutation.
Both are inherited as autosomal recessive. Cross a Homozygous dominant man with a woman
who is a hybrid of the mild and severe mutations. What are the possible genotypes of their
offspring?
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Blood Type in Humans
A. Cross a man with Type AB blood with a woman with Type O.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
B. Cross a hybrid type B blood type with a homozygous type A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 & 6.
7.
**Could this pairing produce blood type O children? _______ Explain:
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C. Cross a woman with Type AB blood with a man who is heterozygous for Type A blood. List
the genotypes and phenotypes their children could possibly have.
D. Cross a mother with Rh- blood with a father who is homozygous Rh+. What are the possible
genotypes and phenotypes of their children?
Explain any problems that may arise in this couples second pregnancy.
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My assigned genetic disorder is
Genetic disorders are caused by changes to DNA. These changes are either really small
and involve only one tiny piece of DNA or really large and result in an entire missing
chromosome. Either way, the affect on how someone lives their life can be dramatic.
Additionally, some genetic disorders mean that a person may require someone to care
for them their entire life.
Remember, your audience for this brochure is either someone who has just been
diagnosed as having this genetic disorder or someone who is the parent or child of
someone who has been diagnosed. Your teacher will show you examples of good
brochures so you can be familiar with the qualities you should include in your brochure.
GENETIC DISORDER PROJECT ASSIGNMENT #1 –
1. What are some of the symptoms of your assigned genetic disorder? Answer in
complete sentences. Be sure to attach a copy of your references to the homework
packet.
Answer in complete sentences. Be sure to attach a copy of your references to the
homework packet.
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