Download Causes of World War I

World War I
Causes of World War I
M_________________:
A_________________:
I_________________:
N_________________:
War was declared in 1914 after…
The assassination of Austria’s heir to the throne:
________________________________________________
The type of fighting that was most common during WWI was _____________________.
Central Powers
1. Germany
2. Austria-Hungary Empire
3. Ottoman Empire
1.
2.
3.
4.
Allied Powers
Russia
France
Great Britain
United States
Key Events of the War
In 1917…
Treaty of Versailles
1.______________________ exits the war
1. Germany to accept “war
_________” clause
Why? _____________________________
2. Loss of German territory
2. ______________________ enters the war
WHY?
The __________________telegram,
Unrestricted _____________ warfare,
The sinking of the _______________
The War officially ends in ________ and the Treaty
of Versailles is made in 1919
3. Pay __________________
4. Decreased size of Germany’s
________________
5. End of German empire
6. Germany under supervision
of the League of Nations
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The Treaty of Versailles and Results of WWI
Who were the Big Three?
________________________________________________________________________
How was the Treaty of Versailles different from Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points?
Treaty of Versailles is severely ____________________ toward Germany while
Wilson’s 14 points was a more balanced approach.
League of Nations:
1. International cooperative organization
2. Established to prevent future ___________
3. ________________________________________ not members
4. The League failed because it did not have power to enforce its decisions
Why was the Mandate System created?
The Mandate system was created to put the former territories of the Central powers,
specifically the Ottoman Empire, under temporary control of the Allies.
1. During World War I, Great Britain and France agreed to divide large portions of the
Ottoman Empire in the Middle East between themselves.
2. After the war, the “mandate system” gave Great Britain and France control over the
lands that became Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine (British controlled) and Syria and
Lebanon (French controlled).
3. The division of the Ottoman Empire through the mandate system planted the seeds
for future conflicts in the Middle East.
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The Russian Revolution, 1917
CAUSES




Defeat in war with ________ in 1905
Frustrated landless peasantry
Incompetence of leader: ______ Nicholas II
Military defeats and high casualties in
_____________________________
 High bread prices
Who is this man? ________________
What group was he the leader of?
________________________
What did he promise? ____________
RESULTS
Rise of communism
 Bolshevik Revolution and civil war
 Russia becomes
______________________
 New name:
__________________________
 Vladimir Lenin’s New Economic Policy in
the 1920s allows for some capitalism
because the economy is so bad from the
civil war
 After Lenin dies, ______________
____________ comes to power and will
lead until after WWII
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Interwar Years: Totalitarian States




Adolf _____________
Fascism (__________ Party)
Anti-Semitism
Extreme nationalism
German aggression led to
occupation of nearby
countries: Austria,
Czechoslovakia
Benito _______________
 Started fascism
 Ambition to restore the glory
of Ancient Rome
 Invasion of
_______________
DICTATORS
Joseph _____________
 Communism
 Stalin’s policies:
-Five-year plans:
-Collectivization of farms:
-Secret police:
 Great Purge:
Hideki ________
 Militarism
 Industrialization of Japan,
leading to drive for raw
materials
 Invasion of Korea,
Manchuria, and the rest of
China
How were people treated under these dictators?
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Causes of World War II
Rise of dictators:
Economic depression:
Appeasement:
Increases extreme
nationalism
Great global depression of
1929-1939
Giving into totalitarian
aggressions
Treaty of Versailles:
Isolationism and Pacifism:
Failure to enforce and too
harsh
Practiced by Europe and US
People in the war:
Weakness of the League of
Nations:
Failure to stop aggression by
totalitarian powers
World War
II
(1939-1945)
Franklin _________________: U.S. President
Dwight Eisenhower: Allied commander in __________________; led D-Day
Harry ____________: U.S. President after death of Roosevelt; atomic bomb on Japan
George Marshall: U.S. General
Douglas MacArthur: U.S. General; Allied commander in _______________
Winston Churchill: ___________________ Prime Minister
Hirohito: Emperor of ______________
Hideki Tojo: Japanese ______________________
Sides in the war:
Allied Powers



United States
___________
Great Britain
___________Powers



____________
Germany
Japan
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World War II Battles
Event and Date
Description and Significance
1. Invasion of
Poland
Sept 1, ______
______________________ invades Poland using blitzkrieg tactics after
making a Non-Aggression Pact with the USSR
2. Fall of France
Germany invades and quickly defeats France
Spring, 1940
3. Battle of Britain
Summer, 1940
4. Invasion of
Soviet Union
1941
Germany bombs Britain by plane, Britain suffers great damages but
survives; Churchill very inspirational; “Keep Calm and Carry On”
Hitler breaks his pact with Stalin and invades the USSR
5. Pearl Harbor
Dec 7, _______
Surprise attack by ___________ on US Naval base in Hawaii; causes US
to enter WWII
6. Battle of
Midway
1942
Huge naval battle between US and Japan; ___________ wins; turning
point in the war in the Pacific; example of island hopping strategy
7. Stalingrad
________
8. D-Day
(Battle of
Normandy)
June 6, _______
9. Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
August, _______
Major Nazi defeat in the ________________; huge turning point in the
war in Europe
Allied invasion of French coast under Nazi control; largest amphibious
invasion ever; allied take the beaches, leads to eventual liberation of
Western Europe
_________ drops two atomic bombs on these Japanese cities, causes
Japan to surrender
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Results of World War II


Rebuilding in
__________________:
 Democratic government
installed in West
Germany and West
Berlin
 Germany and Berlin
divided among the four
Allied powers
 Emergence of West
Germany as economic
power in postwar
Europe

Creation of the
______________________:
The Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
Established and adopted by
members of the United
Nations
Provided a code of conduct for
the treatment of people under
the protection of their
government
War Crimes Trials:
 Nuremberg Trials
punish Nazi officials
Rebuilding in
_____________:
 United States
occupation of Japan
under MacArthur’s
administration
 Democracy and
economic development
 Elimination of Japan’s
military offensive
capabilities; guarantee
of Japan’s security by
the United States
 Emergence of Japan as
dominant economy in
Asia
Emergence of Two
Superpowers:
Marshall Plan &
Division of Europe:
 USA
 North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
 USSR
 Warsaw Pact
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Twentieth Century Genocides
Country
____________
Dates
1915
Group targeted
Group responsible
Armenians
Ottoman
Empire
1975
____________
____________
Artists, technicians,
former government
officials, monks,
minorities, and other
educated individuals
Khmer Rouge
communist government
lead by Pol Pot
Tutsi minority
Hutu
Peasants, government
and military leaders,
and members of the
elite
Joseph Stalin
1994
1932
___________
Definition of Genocide:
The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group
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