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Human PhysiologyIntro to the body and Digestion Review Worksheet
Use this as a guide to review for your test. This will give you an idea about what is going to be on
the test. Do your best to try and explain the information to someone else to demonstrate your
knowledge.
Chapter One- The Human Body: An orientation
1. Need to know the body cavities
2. Need to know the different anterior and posterior regions of the body
3. Need to know the different directional terms
4. Give the levels of organization in the body going from most simple to complex.
Atom →
cell tissue → organ → organ system → organism
5. Mechanisms that tend to increase the original stimulus and push the variable further from
its original value are termed ______positive feedback________ mechanisms.
6. Define homeostasis:
Body maintaining its internal balance regardless of external stimuli
7. The arms are ____lateral___ to the chest (position/orientation).
8. A cut that is made along the horizontal plane is called a _____transverse____ section.
9. The study of structure and shape of the body and body parts is called ___anatomy__.
10. What is the correct order of elements in a control system (homeostasis)?
Variable/imbalance, receptor sensor, control center, effector, balanced
11. In describing the relationship of the thoracic and spinal cavities:
a. The thoracic cavity is superior to the spinal cavity
b. The thoracic cavity is inferior to the spinal cavity
c. The thoracic cavity is proximal to the spinal cavity
d. The thoracic cavity is medial to the spinal cavity
e. The thoracic cavity is ventral to the spinal cavity
12. A section that divides the body on the longitudinal plane into right and left parts is called:
a. Sagittal
b. Frontal
c. Transverse
d. Oblique
e. Coronal
13. Which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides:
a. Integumentary system- movement
b. Nervous system- excretion
c. Muscular system- maintaining boundaries
d. Nervous system- responsiveness
e. Respiratory system- digestion
Chapter 14- Digestion System
14. Which of the following are NOT an organ of the alimentary canal:
a. Mouth
b. Teeth
c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
e. Stomach
15. What produces the saliva (salivary amylase) in our mouths?
Salivary glands, specifically the submandibular and sublingual glands.
16. List the order through which food passes in the alimentary canal and list a function for each
organ:
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
17. Which of the following is the middle section of the small intestine:
a. Duodenum
b. Ascending color
c. Jejunum
d. Descending colon
e. Ileum
18. The “gatekeeper” of the small intestine that regulates food movement into it is the:
a. Cardioesophageal sphincter
b. Jejunum
c. Pyloric sphincter
d. Ileum
e. Hepatopancreatic ampulla
19. Which of the following is NOT a modification of the small intestine, designed to increase
surface area for absorption:
a. Microvilli
b. Villi
c. Peyer’s patches
d. Circular folds
e. Plicae circulares
20. Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the large intestine:
a. Cecum
b. Appendix
c. Duodenum
d. Colon
e. Rectum
21. The chisel-shaped teeth, like those in the front that are adapted for cutting, are the
__________incisors___________.
22. Swallowing and peristalsis both assist in:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ingestion
Propulsion
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
absorption
23. Pancreatic enzymes for digestion are secreted into the:
a. Mouth
b. Stomach
c. Duodenum
d. Jejunum
e. Ileum
24. What does the stomach secrete to the food entering the stomach?
Gastric juices are added to help lower the pH of the stomach contents and to help break down
food.
25. What is the term called for slightly chewed food? For slightly digested food?
Bolus- slightly chewed
Chyme- slightly digested
26. Where does bile enter into the digestive system? What organs play a role?
It enters at the small intestine. It is secreted by the liver and gall bladder.
27. What is the opening on the terminal end of the alimentary canal is called ?
Anal canal
28. What are the folds in the stomach lining that allow for expansion called?
rugae
29. What is the food that resembles heavy cream after being processed in the stomach is
called?
chyme
30. The “gatekeeper” of the small intestine that regulates food movement into it is the
________pyloric sphincter_____.
31. Pancreatic enzymes for digestion are secreted into the
________duodenum___________.
32. Name a part of the digestive system that has no digestive function.
Esophagus- just for food passage from the mouth to the stomach
33. Need to know the anatomy of the digestive system if given a diagram (that includes the
parts of the small and large intestine)
Ambulance Calls
34. You are dispatched to the scene of a bar fight. A 34-year-old male has been stabbed in the
right upper quadrant of the abdomen with a knife. Using medical terminology, indicate
which organ(s) might be affected. How would you describe this patient’s injuries?
Laceration using a knife to the upper right quadrant which could have punctured the junction
between the ascending and transverse colon or the jejunum of the small intestine.
35. You are dispatched to a school play ground to find an 8-year-old who has fallen from the
monkey bars and is complaining of pain to his left forearm just above his wrist. You see it
sticking out at an odd angle. Using medical terminology, how would you describe this
patient’s injuries?
Possible fracture/break between the carpal (wrist) and antecubital region of the arm
36. You are dispatched to a scene where a 40 year-old male was hit by a car. Upon arrival,
you find the patients left lower leg to be deformed and swollen. Using medical terminology,
how would you describe this patient’s injuries?
Possible fracture with abrasion and swelling of the fibular region.