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Human Anatomy and Physiology: 2016 Fall Semester Review Introduction Unit Structural Organization from molecular to organism Terms: Dorsal, Nasal, Occipital, Pectoral, Patellar, Lateral, Medial, Inferior, Superficial, Anterior, Extension, Adduction, Flexion, Abduction, Circumduction, Thoracic cavity (organs in cavity), Abdominal cavity (organs in cavity), Pelvic cavity (organs in cavity), Negative Feedback System, Homeostasis and the Control System Main tissue types, functions, and examples of each: Connective, Muscle, Epithelial, and Nervous Positive and Negative Feedback Mechanisms and Examples – What is the control system that detects the change? Integumentary System Unit Skin Function Layers and characteristics of skin as well as blood supply: Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous Tissue Skin and Vitamin D production ABCDE of skin cancer Function of blood vessels in the skin Importance and Regulation of body temperature through skin Why does tanning occur? Contributions to skin color Wound healing(steps) Glands of the dermis System Unit Functions of the skeletal system Terms: fractures (compound, spiral, greenstick, comminuted, compression), ephiphyseal plate, articular cartilage, Sharpey’s fibers, open and closed reduction, osteon, osteocyte, osteoporosis, spongy bone, compact bone, bone marrow, proximal epiphysis, distal epiphysis, diaphysis, periosteum Bones; vertebrae (locations and number at each location), humerus, fibula, tibia, radius, ulna, metacarpal, phalange, Calcaneus, ribs (types and numbers) Bone classifications and examples: long, short, flat, and irregular Joint classifications and examples: diathrosis, synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis Healing stages of a bone fracture Muscle System Unit Functions of the muscle system Terms: fascicle, Perimysium, epimysium, tendon, endomysium, sliding filament theory, acetylcholine, H zone, myosin head, actin, myosin Muscles: zygomaticus, temporalis, sternocleidomastoid, masseter, frontalis, Role of calcium in muscle contraction Criteria for Naming Muscles and examples Three types of Muscle tissue, characteristics of each, and examples each: Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Nervous System Unit Functions of the nervous system Terms: fasciculus, Perineurium, epineurium, endoneurium, reflex, resting potential, action potential, neuroglial cells, synapse, neurotransmitter, meninges, cranial nerves, spinal nerves, white matter, gray matter, muscular dystrophy(MS) Steps of the reflex arc Parts and functions of the brain Parts and function of the cerebrum Divisions of the spinal nerves Compare and contrast the central nervous system(CNS) and the peripheral nervous system(PNS) Explain the divisions of the nervous system