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Q Rate of reactions
can be followed by
measuring changes
in
A concentration,
mass, pH etc
Q The rate of a
Q A homogeneous
chemical reaction
catalyst is
can be increased by
decreasing the …
A In the same state
as the reactants
A particle size
Q Enzymes are
Q An endothermic
reaction
A Biological
catalysts
A Absorbs heat
from the
surroundings
Q The relationship
used to calculate
enthalpy change is
A H - cmT
Q What type of
bonding is ‘positive
ions in a sea of
delacalised
electrons’?
A metallic
Q High melting solid
with only covalent
bonds has this type
of structure
A covalent network
Q
Half life is
Q What effect
Q Give an example
does loss of a beta of natural radiation
particle have on the
atomic number?
A cosmic
A Increases the
atomic number by
one
A The time taken
for half of a
radioactive isotope
to decay
Q What is the least Q What technique
penetrating type of is used to date
radioactivity?
animal and plant
remains?
A alpha
A carbon dating
Q Conducts
electricity when
molten or in solution
A Ionic
Q What is fission?
A splitting of a
large nucleus into
smaller nuclei
Q What is fusion?
Q What is the
charge on a proton?
A Joining of two
small nuclei into one
larger nucleus
Q What effect
does emission of an
alpha particle have
on the mass
number?
A Decreases mass
number by 4
Q What is the
charge on an
electron?
A 1-
Q What is the
charge on a
neutron?
A no charge
Q What is the mass
of a proton?
A 1+
A1
Q What is the mass Q is the mass of a
of an electron?
neutron?
A almost zero
A1
Q How is average
rate calculated?
A change in
mass/volume etc
divided by change in
time
Q What effect
does temperature
have on reaction
rate?
A higher
temperature, higher
rate
Q What effect
does particle size
have on reaction
rate?
A smaller particles,
higher rate
Q What effect
does concentration
have on reaction
rate?
A higher
concentration,
higher rate
Q Apart from
temperature,
concentration &
particle size, how
can a reaction rate
be increased?
A catalyst
Q What name is
given to group 1
elements?
A alkali metals
Q What name is
given to group 7
elements?
A halogens
Q What name if
given to group 0
(group 8) elements?
A noble gases
Q What do we call a
particle if it doesn’t
have the same
numbers of protons
& electrons?
A an ion
Q If an ion has
more protons than
electrons, what
charge does it
have?
A positive
Q If an ion has
more electrons than
protons, what
charge does it
have?
A negative
Q What type of
charge do metal ions
have?
A positive
Q What type of
charge do non-metal
ions have?
A negative
Q What is a
covalent bond?
A a shared pair of
electrons
Q What charge
would a potassium
ion have (clue: you
need your data
book)?
A one positive
Q What charge
would a chloride ion
have (clue: you need
your data book)?
A one negative
Q What charge
would an aluminium
ion have (clue: you
need your data
book)?
A three positive
Q What is the
formula for carbon
monoxide?
A CO
Q What is the
formula for sulphur
dioxide?
A SO2
Q A solution with
[H+] > [OH-] is an
A acid
Q A solution with
[H+] < [OH-] is an
A alkali
Q A solution with
[H+] = [OH-] is
A neutral
[ ] means
concentration of
[ ] means
concentration of
[ ] means
concentration of
Q What is a
homologous series
A compounds with
same general
formula and similar
chemical properties
Q A saturated
hydrocarbon has
A only single bonds
Q An unsaturated
hydrocarbon has
A a double (or
triple) bond
Q Saturated
hydrocarbons
include
A alkanes and
cycloalkanes
Q Unsaturated
hydrocarbons
include
A alkenes
Q What effect do
saturated
hydrocarbons have
on bromine water?
A do not decolourise
immediately
Q What effect do
unsaturated
hydrocarbons have
on bromine water?
A decolourise
immediately
Q What type of
reaction do alkenes
undergo with
bromine?
A addition
Q Name the alkane
with 6 carbon atoms
A hexane
Q Name the alkene Q Name the
with 4 carbon atoms cycloalkane with 5
A butane
carbon atoms
A cyclopentane
Q What functional
group is present in
alcohols
A –OH
Q Give a use for
esters
A solvents and
perfumes
Q What are esters
made from?
A an alcohol and a
carboxylic acid
Q What is the
functional group in a
carboxylic acid
A –COOH
Q Another name for Q A reaction that
burning
gives out heat or
A combustion
energy
A exothermic
Q Name the two
types of
polymerisation
A addition and
condensation
Q In which type of
polymerisation is
water produced
when the monomers
join together
A condensation
Q What structure
is present in the
monomers which
form an addition
polymer
A carbon to carbon
double bond
Q Give two
examples of natural
polymers
A starch and
protein
Q Name the
industrial process
used to
manufacture
ammonia
A Haber
Q Name the
catalyst used in the
industrial
manufacture of
ammonia
A iron
Q Name the
starting material
used in the
manufacture of
nitric acid
A ammonia
Q What acid would
be used to make
ammonium nitrate?
A nitric
Q What are the
three essential
elements for plant
growth A potassium,
nitrogen,
phosphorus
Q What type of
reaction occurs
when two solutions
mix to form a solid
A precipitation
Q What is
oxidation?
A loss of electrons
Q What is
reduction?
A gain of electrons
Q What name is
given to a reaction
in which oxidation
and reduction
occurs?
A redox
Q
23
Na
11
How many neutrons?
A 12
Q Do discrete
covalent molecular
substances have
high or low melting
points?
A low
Q Do covalent
networks have high
or low melting
points?
A high
Q Why are metals
able to conduct
electricity?
A outer electrons
are delocalised –
free to move
Q Ionic substances
conduct only when
molten or in solution
because …
A ions are free to
move
Q Metal oxides
dissolve in water to
form…
A metal hydroxide
(alkalis)
Q Non-metal oxides Q When an acid is
dissolve in water to diluted its pH ..
form…
A increases
acids
Q When an alkali is
diluted its pH ..
A decreases
Q When a neutral
substance is diluted
its pH ..
A remains at 7
Q The metals that
are most difficult
to extract are near
the top or bottom
of the ECS
A top
Q The metals that
are easiest to
extract are near
the top or bottom
of the ECS
A bottom
Q To extract
potassium from its
ore requires ....
A electricity
Q To extract gold
from its ore
requires ……
A only heat
Q The half-life of a
radioisotope is 24
days. After 48 days
what % remains?
A 25%
Q What effect
does lose of an
alpha particle have
on the atomic
number?
A reduces by 2
Q What effect
does lose of a beta
particle have on the
atomic number?
A no effect
Q What effect
does increasing the
temperature have
on the half-life of a
radioisotope?
A no effect
Q What technique
could be used to
find the metal
present in a
compound?
A flame test
Q As well as
containing N, K or P,
what property is
important in a
fertiliser?
A soluble in water
Q In what direction
would electrons flow
in a cell containing
magnesium and
copper?
A Mg to Cu
Q What is formed
when a hydrocarbon
burns?
A carbon dioxide
and water
Q What is the test
for carbon dioxide ?
A turns lime water
milky
Q What are
isomers?
A they have the
same molecular
formula but
different structural
formulae
Q What are
isotopes?
A atoms with the
same atomic number
but different mass
numbers
Q What salt would
form in the reaction
of sodium hydroxide
& hydrochloric acid?
A sodium chloride
Q What would be
used to make
potassium sulphate?
A potassium
hydroxide &
sulphuric acid