Download Objective 5.0

Objective 5.0, 5.3, and 7.0
Objective 5.0
• Identify major differences between plants and animals,
including internal structures, external structures, methods
of locomotion, methods of reproduction, and stages of
development.
Objective 5.0
• Both plants and animals are multicellular, eukaryotic
organisms.
• Both are able to reproduce sexually and asexually.
• Plants and animals must undergo cellular respiration in
order to produce energy.
• Both are able to respond to environmental stimuli.
Objective 5.3
• Identify major internal structures, external
structures, methods of locomotion, methods of
reproduction, and stages of development of animals.
• Animals are classified as vertebrates (having a backbone) or
invertebrates (not having a backbone).
• Vertebrates can be further characterized as
endotherms (warm-blooded) or ectotherms
(cold-blooded).
• Most animals have bilateral symmetry which means they can be
divided into right and left halves. Theses halves are nearly mirror
images (i.e. humans).
• Animals that have body parts that are arranged in a circle around a
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center point have radial symmetry (i.e. starfish).
The animals with no definite shape have asymmetry (i.e.sponges).
Locomotion and Respiration
• Animals have different methods of locomotion and
respiration.
• Tube feet are used by starfish for movement. Squid and
octopi use tentacles as a means of movement.
• Some vertebrates, such as fish, use gills for respiration
while other vertebrates use lungs.
Asexual reproduction:
Budding and Fragmentation
• Budding occurs when a small part of the parent’s body
develops into an independent organism.
• Fragmentation occurs when an organism breaks into two
or more parts, each of which may grow into a separate
individual..
Sexual Reproduction
• Most animals reproduce sexually.
• Some animals that reproduce sexually rely on external
fertilization which requires a wet environment.
• Other animals use internal fertilization.
Developmental stages
• Animals may go through a variety of developmental stages.
• During complete metamorphosis, the fertilized egg
becomes a larva, which then changes into a pupa. The
adult emerges from the pupal form.
Developmental stages
• During incomplete or gradual metamorphosis, the fertilized
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egg becomes a nymph, which looks like a smaller form of the
adult. The nymph, after a series of developmental changes
becomes the adult.
A butterfly carries out complete metamorphosis where a
grasshopper carries out incomplete metamorphosis.
Objective 7.0
• Describe biotic and abiotic factors in the environment.
Classify organisms as autotrophs or heterotrophs.
Ecology
• Ecology is the study of how living things interact with living things
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in their environment in various ways.
In any environment, members of the species form a population.
(ie. all the maple trees in a forest)
Two or more populations form a community.
All of the communities and Abiotic factors in an area form an
ecosystem.
• An individual’s role in that ecosystem is its niche.
• A habitat is defined as where an organism lives.
• All organisms in an ecosystem are in competition for
resources such as food, space, water, light, and air.
Example of biotic factors are grass, trees, and
animals.
Examples of abiotic factors are water, oxygen,
carbon dioxide, and rocks
Ecology Vocabulary
• Producer
• Consumer
• Decomposer
• Scavenger