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Welcome to the class. Md. Siddiqur Rahman. Assist. Teacher Kazi Abu Mokarram Fazlul Bari Dakhil Madrasha. Fultala, Khulna. Mob : 01914-132001. Class – 7 8, 9, 10 Sub : English 2nd paper. About ‘’ Parts of speech ’’ Time : 45 minutes. Look at words : And Go For Good He Book Quickly Alas! Today’s lesson is Parts of Speech By the end of the lesson students will • • • • define the parts of speech. explain the kinds of parts of speech. explain the classification of every kind parts of speech. identify/find out the parts of speech. Each of the meaningful words of a sentence is called ‘’Parts of speech’’. Such as : * Dhaka is a big city. * Helal and Miron run very quickly for winner * Hurrah ! he is winner. Parts of Speech - 8 kinds. Such as : 1. Noun. 2. Pronoun. 3. Adjective. 4. Verb. 5. Adverb 6. Preposition. 7. Conjunction. 8. Interjection. : Noun : ‘’ Noun is the name of anything ‘’. ‘’ A noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing ’’ – Wren & Marin. Noun is of 05 kinds : • • • • • Proper noun – Fahim, Dhaka, The Daily Star, etc. Common noun – table, chair, cow, book, man, river, etc. Collective noun – army, class, jury, party, committee, etc. Material noun – iron, gold, tea, jute, milk, etc. Abstract noun – honesty, wisdom, beauty, poverty, etc. Pronoun: The word which is used in stead of a noun is called Pronoun. • • • • • • • • Personal pronoun – I, we, you, he, she, it, they, Demonstrative pronoun – this, that, these, those, Interrogative progative – who, which, what, whom, whose, Relative pronoun – who, which, that, Indefinite pronoun – one, any, many, some,somebody, others, Distributive pronoun – each, either, neither, everyone, Reflexive pronoun – myself, ourselves, himself, herslf, themselves, Reciprocal pronoun - each other, one another, Adjective A word that qualifies a noun or pronoun is called an adjective. ( ‡h word Øviv Noun - Gi †`vl, ¸b, Ae¯’v, msL¨v ev, cwigvb BZ¨vw` †evSvq, Zv‡K Adjective e‡j|) 04 kinds :1. Adjective of quality – good, dull, poor, etc. 2. Adjective of quantity – some, little, enough, etc. 3. Adjective of number : • Cardinal – one, two, three etc. • Ordinal – first, second, third etc. • Multiplicative – single, double, treble, etc. 4. Pronominal adjective - some, every, this, etc. ‘’A word that denotes performance of a noun or a thing is called a verb.‘’ Verb: Finite principal transitive Non-finite auxiliary intransitive Primary Modal A word that denotes performance of a noun or a thing is called a verb. ( ‡h word Øviv Kiv, nIqv, hvIqv, LvIqv BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv †evSvq , Zv‡K Verb e‡j|) kinds of verbs : 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Finite verb – The boy puts on fine clothes. Non-finite – He came to see me. Principal verb – Nasima sings a song. Auxiliary verb – He is eating rice./you will do it. Transitive verb – I eat rice Intransitive verb – He sings. Adverb An adverb is a word used to add something to the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb. ‡h word, adjective, verb ev Ab¨ †Kvb adverb m¤^‡Ü cwi®‹vi A_© dywU‡q †Zv‡j, Zv‡K adverb e‡j| Kinds of adverb : 03. • Simple adverb – quickly, always, very, firstly, yes, no, • Relative adverb – when, where, why, how, while, • Interrogative adverb – where, when, why, how (?) preposition ‘’A preposition is a word used before a noun or noun-equivalent to show its relation with any other word of the sentence.’’ Kinds of preposition –: (07) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Simple preposition – at, on, for, by, from, with, of Double preposition – into, within, upon, Compound preposition – about, beside, behind Phrase preposition – on account of, in front of, Participle preposition – regarding, Distinguised preposition – a hunting (a=on), o’clock (o=of) Detached preposition – For what / On what / From where. Conjunction Con gv‡b ÕGKÎÕ Ges junction gv‡b Õms‡hvMÕ - G A‡_© conjunction gv‡b ÕGK‡Î ms‡hvMÕ Kiv| ‘’ A conjunction is a joining word that is used to join two or more words, sentences or such other things.’’ A_©vr , ‡h word `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK word, phrase, clause ev sentence †K hy³ K‡i, Zv‡K Conjunction e‡j| Kinds of Conjunction : 1) coordinating conjunction – 2) Subordinating conjunction – 3) Correlative conjunction - Interjection ‘’ A word that expresses a sudden feeling or emotion is called an Interjection. ’’ ‡h word Øviv nl©, welv`, we®§q, N„Yv BZ¨vw` g‡bi AvKw¯§K Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk K‡i, Zv‡K Interjection e‡j| Avb›` cÖKvk Ki‡Z = Hurrah! `ytL cÖKvk Ki‡Z = Alas! we®§q cÖKvk Ki‡Z = Oh ! we®§q cÖKvk Ki‡Z = Fie! Fie!