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* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Name: __________________________________ Pretest score: _____ / 47 Posttest score: _____ / 47 Pretest Ch 15: Sound & Light 1. ______ A “packet” or quantity of light 2. ______ Light sometimes acts like a wave and sometimes like matter 3. ______ Light that leaves a mirrored surface 4. ______ Light that enters a mirrored surface or lens 5. ______ Measured between the incoming ray and the normal line 6. ______ When one object vibrates it can cause another one nearby to vibrate 7. ______ Light bounces off a surface 8. ______ The incoming angle is equal to the outgoing angle; angle of incidence equals angle of reflection 9. ______ All the different kinds of light energy possible A. angle of incidence B. angle of reflection C. angle of refraction D. decibels E. diffraction F. electromagnetic spectrum G. fundamental frequency H. harmonics I. incident ray J. Law of Reflection K. light ray L. normal M. photon N. pitch O. reflected ray P. reflection Q. refraction R. resonance S. wave/particle duality 10. ______ Measured between the outgoing light ray and the normal when using a mirror 11. ______ Light bends when it goes from one medium to another 12. ______ Other standing waves created by a musical instrument 13. ______ Apparent bending of waves as they pass a boundary 14. ______ Unit that measures intensity of sound 15. ______ Measured between the normal and the “bent” light ray 16. ______ Drawn perpendicular to a surface as a reference 17. ______ The easiest standing wave a musical instrument can make 18. ______ A line used to model what a light wave does 19. ______ How high or low a musical note is 20. - 21. What happens to pitch as you decrease the tension on a string? Explain. 22. – 23. What happens to pitch as you decrease the length of a string? Explain. 24 – 25. What happens to pitch as you increase the length of a tube? Explain. 26 - 27. What happens to pitch when you close the tube? Explain. The pictures below represent an open-ended pipe, closed-ended pipe, and a string respectively. For each drawing, sketch in the simplest possible standing wave that could exist. 28. 29. 30. Here is a sound wave pattern. Figure out the following, using a ruler if necessary. 31. _______ frequency _______ amplitude 32. _______ wavelength _______ wave speed 33. _____________________ An organ pipe, closed at one end, is 2.5 m long. If the speed of sound is 345 m/s, what fundamental frequency of will be made in such a pipe? Remember that closed pipes make standing waves with a wavelength of 1/4. 34. _____________________ An organ pipe, an open ended tube, has a length of 3 m. What frequency would be produced by this pipe if the speed of sound is 345 m/s? Remember that closed pipes make standing waves with a wavelength of 1/2. Use the diagram below of a ray of light striking a mirror to answer the following questions. A C B E D F G H 35. _______ Which letter represents the angle of incidence? 36. _______ Which letter represents the angle of reflection? 37. _______ Which letter represents the mirror? 38. _______ Which letter represents the normal line? 39. _______ Which letter represents the incident ray? 40. _______ Which letter represents the reflected ray? 41. Rearrange the portions of the electromagnetic spectrum so that they are listed in order from longest to shortest wavelength. X-ray Visible light Gamma Radio Microwaves Ultraviolet Longest 42. Is the light ray in the picture at the right entering a more or less dense medium? How do you know? On the picture to the right, label the following items: 43. angle of incidence 44. angle of refraction 45. normal line 46. incident ray 47. refracted ray Infrared Shortest Answer Key__ Name: _ Period: _____ Date: _____________________ Pretest Ch 15: Sound & Light M___ A “packet” or quantity of light 1. __ S___ Light sometimes acts like a wave and 2. __ sometimes like matter O___ Light that leaves a mirrored surface 3. __ I 4. ___ __ Light that enters a mirrored surface or lens A__ Measured between the incoming ray 5. ___ A. angle of incidence B. angle of reflection C. angle of refraction D. decibels E. diffraction F. electromagnetic spectrum G. fundamental and the normal line frequency H. harmonics one nearby to vibrate I. incident ray J. Law of Reflection R___ When one object vibrates it can cause another 6. ___ P__ Light bounces off a surface 7. ___ J___ The incoming angle is equal to the outgoing 8. __ angle; angle of incidence equals angle of reflection F__ All the different kinds of light energy possible 9. ____ B___ Measured between the outgoing light ray and 10. ___ the normal when using a mirror Q___ Light bends when it goes from one medium K. light ray L. normal M. photon N. pitch O. reflected ray P. reflection Q. refraction R. resonance S. wave/particle duality 11. ___ to another H___ Other standing waves created by a musical instrument 12. ___ E___ Apparent bending of waves as they pass a boundary 13. ___ D___ Unit that measures intensity of sound 14. ___ C___ Measured between the normal and the “bent” light ray 15. ___ L___ Drawn perpendicular to a surface as a reference 16. ___ G___ The easiest standing wave a musical instrument can make 17. ___ K___ A line used to model what a light wave does 18. ___ N___ How high or low a musical note is 19. ___ 20. - 21. What happens to pitch as you decrease the tension on a string? Explain. Decreases…changed the medium to a less dense one…waves travel slower 22. – 23. What happens to pitch as you decrease the length of a string? Explain. Increases…higher frequency, from shorter wavelength 24 – 25. What happens to pitch as you increase the length of a tube? Explain. Decreases…longer wavelength 26 - 27. What happens to pitch when you close the tube? Explain. Decreases…longer wavelength The pictures below represent an open-ended pipe, closed-ended pipe, and a string respectively. For each drawing, sketch in the simplest possible standing wave that could exist. 28. 30. 29. Here is a sound wave pattern. Figure out the following, using a ruler if necessary. 480 Hz 31. _ _ frequency (24 cycles in .05 seconds) 5mm _ _ amplitude (used ruler) 4mm_ wavelength (used ruler) 32. _ 1920mm/s_ wave speed (4 x 480)1.92 m/s _ 35 Hz__ An organ pipe, closed at one end, is 2.5 m long. 33. ___ If the speed of sound is 345 m/s, what fundamental frequency of will be made in such a pipe? Remember that closed pipes make standing waves with a wavelength of 1/4. =f 345 = f (10) = 2.5 x 4 f = 34.5 Hz 60 Hz___ An organ pipe, an open ended tube, has a length of 3 m. 34. __ =f = 3 x 2 What frequency would be produced by this pipe if the speed of sound is 345 m/s? Remember that closed pipes make standing waves with a wavelength of 1/2. 345 = f (6) f = 57.5 Hz Use the diagram below of a ray of light striking a mirror to answer the following questions. A C B E F D G H E____ Which letter represents the angle of incidence? 35. __ F____ Which letter represents the angle of reflection? 36. __ H___ Which letter represents the mirror? 37. ___ A___ Which letter represents the normal line? 38. ___ C___ Which letter represents the incident ray? 39. ____ B___ Which letter represents the reflected ray? 40. ___ 41. Rearrange the portions of the electromagnetic spectrum so that they are listed in order from longest to shortest wavelength. X-ray Longest Radio Visible light Gamma Microwaves Infrared Radio Microwaves Ultraviolet Visible light Ultraviolet X-ray Infrared Shortest Gamma 42. Is the light ray in the picture at the right entering a more or less dense medium? How do you know? More…the light is bending toward the normal On the picture to the right, label the following items: 43. angle of incidence 44. angle of refraction 45. normal line 46. incident ray 47. refracted ray 45. 46. 43. 44. 47.