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Daniel R. Barnes: [email protected] Chemistry 6/30/2017 2:55 AM Name: ___________________________________________ Seat#: ________ Period: _______ Date: ____________________________________________ PHC 11.1 “Describing Chemical Reactions” Reading Guide (Designed to be used with Prentice Hall’s Chemistry textbook, 2005 printing) Connecting to Your World 1. Name two properties of hydrogen gas: one that made it useful to the Hindenburg, and one that made it dangerous to the Hindenburg. __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What chemical reaction happened in/on/around the Hindenburg on May 6, 1937? ______________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Writing Chemical Equations 1. Name some chemical reactions that happen in living things. _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. In a chemical reaction, _______________________________ turn into ______________________________. 3. Write a word equation for the reaction where zinc and hydrochloric acid react to form hydrogen gas and zinc chloride. __________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Convert the following word equation into an English sentence: Copper + ammonium sulfate copper (II) sulfate + ammonia + hydrogen gas __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. “H2O” is the _______________________________________________________ for water. 6. (s) = _________________________, (l) = _____________________________, (g) = ____________________ (aq) = _____________________________________________________________________________________ Balancing Chemical Equations 1.a. Look carefully at the equations on pages 324 & 325 for making bicycles. What would be the skeleton equation for using boards, wheels, and trucks to make skateboards? Assume that it takes one board, two trucks, and four wheels to make a single skateboard. __________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.b. Now, write the balanced equation for making skateboards. __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The little numbers inside of a formula (like the “2” in “H2O”) are called “_______________________________”. In a chemical equation, the big numbers in front of the formulas are called “_____________________________”. 3. The law of ______________________________ of mass says that the mass of the ________________________________ that go into a reaction must equal the mass of the __________________________________ that they turn into. 4. What does happen to atoms during a chemical reaction? __________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What doesn’t happen to atoms during a chemical reaction? ________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. A ___________________________ equation has no coefficients (no flesh), so there is a good chance that it is not ____________________________________ yet. 7. On page 326, the reaction on the right is said to violate the law of conservation of mass. Write letters inside the circles to show what element each atom belongs to. Explain how the reaction pictured here violates the law of conservation of matter. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. A student looks at the following equation: H2 + O2 H2O He attempts to balance it by writing the following: H2 + O2 H2O2 What is wrong with what he did? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.a. Turn back for a moment to page 257 and look at table 9.3. List the formulas and names of four polyatomic ions that have a charge of 2-. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.b. Why are they called “polyatomic” ions? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. In the expression “5Al2(SO4)3” there are 10 aluminum atoms, 15 sulfur atoms, and 60 oxygen atoms indicated. Why is this? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Normally, we balance equations by making sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on the left of the arrow as it is on the right. Describe a shortcut that can be used to balance the following equation: Ca3(PO4)2 + HCl CaCl2 + H3PO4 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________