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Laboratory Diagnosis I Objectives
Upon completion of the Laboratory Diagnosis I course, the student should have
practical comprehension and recall of the following concepts.
Laboratory Interpretation:
Terminology specific to laboratory diagnosis
How reference ranges are derived
The problems with reference ranges
Potential problems with specimens
Other considerations
Basic Hematology:
Red blood cells
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
Wintrobe Indices
Causes of macrocytosis
Causes of microcytosis
Peripheral blood smear
Abnormal cell morphology
White Blood Cells:
Differential values
White blood cell abnormalities
Leukocytosis
Lymphcytosis
Differential interpretation
Anemia:
Definition
Classification by pathology
Classification by RBC morphology
Factor deficiency anemia
Production defect anemia
Depletion anemia
Measuring iron status
Leukemia, Lymphomas, and Myeloproliferative Syndromes:
Definitions
Classification
Characteristics of various types
Immunohematology:
Definitions
Antibody detection methods
Auto-antibodies
ABO blood groups
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)
Blood Coagulation:
Intrinsic system pathway
Extrinsic system pathway
Coagulation factors
Basic tests for hemorrhagic disorders
Hemophilia
Anticoagulation Systems
Clotting problems
Platelet defects
Blood Chemistry:
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
Glycosolated hemoglobin
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Creatine
Uric acid
Electrolytes
Protein electrophoresis
Bilirubin
Alkaline Phosphatase
AST and ALT
Lactic dehydrogenase
Creatine phosphokinase
GGTP
Blood lipids
Acid phosphatase
Prostate Specific Antigen
Amylase and Lipase
Carbon Dioxide
Cortisol
C-peptide
C-reactive protein
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Creatinine Clearance
Fibrinogen
Folic Acid
Homocysteine
Magnesium
Urinalysis:
Overview
Types of specimens
Collection methods
Reagent strips
Normal findings
Abnormal findings
Miscellaneous Tests:
Caloric study
Cardiac stress test
Manometric studies
Arterial Plethysmography
Tourniquet test
Blood Culture and Sensitivity
Peripheral blood smear
Bone marrow biopsy
Papanicolaou (Pap) smear
Stool tests
Liver and Biliary Tract Tests:
Jaundice
Bilirubin (Direct and Indirect)
Urobilinogen
Alkaline Phosphatase (liver and bone)
SGOT AND SGPT
Prothrombin time
Serum bile acids
Serum proteins
Blood ammonia
Radionuclide liver scan
Liver biopsy
Laboratory findings in common liver diseases
Cardiac Tests:
Tests for Myocardial Infarction
LDH isoenzymes
CPK isoenzymes
Troponin – T
Troponin – I
Myosin Light Chains
Radionuclide heart scan
Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neurological Disorders:
Pressure
Appearance
Glucose
Protein
Cell count
Culture
CSF lactate
CSF findings in brain diseases
Biochemical Profiles
General Health panel
Anemia panel
Bone/Joint panel
Cardiac Injury panel
Cardiac Risk panel
Coagulation panel
Collagen disease and arthritis panel
Coma panel
Diabetic panel
Electrolyte/Fluid balance panel
Hypertension panel
Hepatic panel
Acute hepatitis panel
Chronic hepatitis panel
Malignancy panel
Metastasis panel
Pancreas panel
Thyroid panel
Parathyroid panel
Pulmonary panel
Kidney panel
TORCH panel
Bone, Joint, and Collagen-Vascular Disorders
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Reiter’s Syndrome
Arthritis associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Reactive Arthropathies
Enteropathic Arthropathies
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Scleroderma
Serum Electrolytes
Clinical Symptoms of Electrolyte Imbalance
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphate
Protein / Calorie Evaluation
Gastrointestinal Testing
G.I. Function
Malabsorption
Steatorrhea
Lab tests for Malabsorption
Gluten-induced Enteropathy
Celiac Disease
Gastric Analysis
The Pancreas
Acute Pancreatitis
Chronic Pancreatitis
Diabetes and Hypoglycemia
Diabetes Mellitus – Type 1 and Type II
Lab test for diabetes
Hypoglycemia
Symptoms of Hypoglycemia
Lab tests for Hypoglycemia
Laboratory Assignments
Venipuncture
Safety
Patient preparation
Follow-up
Handling complications
Case Studies
A series of studies requiring the student to interpret CBCs, blood
chemistry panels, and urinalyses.
Pharmenex Scanner
The students learn about the scanner and have the opportunity to be
scanned and talk about the results.