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History: 8.4 Marathon place (26 miles from Athens) battle (Athens & Persia) a long race (26 miles, 375 yards) In Greece: 1896 Olympics – ran marathon…26 miles In Great Britain: 1900 Olympics – marathon stopped short of Queens viewing place so they added 375 yards so he could view finish) Battle of Marathon 493 BC 30,000 Persians (want Greek land for Persian King) 11,000 Greek Athenians Dorius was Persian King, angered by Athens fighting off Persians in Asia Minor Servant reminded him daily to remember the Athenians 491 BC Persia sent envoys to Athens/Sparta for gifts to Persia Greeks threw envoys off cliff Persians decided to attack and land on beach in Marathon While Persians unloaded ships on the beach, Greeks were waiting in mountains Spartans were not there as they were celebrating religious festival Greeks fought in Phalanx formation – Haplites with shields, shoulder to shoulder – neighbors fighting for independence Persians didn’t speak same language supply problem (running low) Persians sailed at night to Athens under cover of darkness – city was unprotected with Athenians at beach in Marathon Turn Over History: 8.4 Athenians changed fighting full helmet (only eye slits), 3 foot shield advanced on Persians at strong walk…when Persians fired arrows, Greeks ran at them until they met and fought Greeks wrapped Persians into center of them and closed in Persians (surviving) fled to ships Greeks quickly turned to Athens and set traps to wait for Darius who was sailing that way Persians couldn’t land troops in Athens Darius turned and retreated to Persia