Download File - Watts Up in 5th Grade

Forces and Motion
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___________________ of an object determines how much distance it covers.
Speed is the _______________ an object moves in a certain amount of ________________.
When an object is in motion, its _____________ is changing.
A __________________________________ is any object that is not moving and can be used to
describe the position of another object.
The formula for speed is ________________÷ _______________.
What words can be used to describe an object’s direction?
_____________________________________________________________
If a reference point is getting closer or farther away, the object is in ________________.
A force is a ________________ or a _______________
A ________________________ force will cause an object to move faster and farther.
Forces cause objects to: ______________________, _________________________,
______________________, or _______________________.
____________________ objects will move faster and farther than __________________ objects
if pushed with the same amount of force.
___________________ is a force that pulls things toward each other.
The _______________________ the distance, the greater the force of gravity.
_________________________ is a force that acts when two objects touch each other.
Air resistance works against gravity to ________________________ an object’s speed.
_________________________ causes an object to fall to the ground.
Friction is the force that acts in the _____________________ direction.
Gravity, friction, and air resistance are all considered ___________________.
___________________ surfaces have more friction than ___________________ surfaces.
Gravity depends on two factors: _____________________ and _____________________
Objects with more mass exert a _______________________ force of gravity than objects with
less mass.
On a distance-time graph, a straight line means _____________________ speed. A curved line
up means _______________________ speed, a curved line down means
_____________________ speed, and a flat line means _________________________.
Matter: Properties and Change
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_______________________ is the process where water is heated by the sun and lifted into the
air and is changed into a gas.
During evaporation, water changes from the _____________ form to the _____________ form.
When water vapor is lifted high into the atmosphere and cools and changes back to water
droplets. This is the process known as _________________________.
During condensation water is changed from the _________________ form to the
__________________ form.
Water droplets gather together with _________________ in the atmosphere and form
_________________.
When the clouds get too heavy, the water falls back down to the earth in the process known as
____________________________.
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The four forms of precipitation are _______________________________________.
The type of precipitation depends on the ___________________ of the cloud and the
_______________________ close to the Earth’s surface.
Water that flows across the land after the ground can no longer support water being soaked in is
known as ___________________.
When water gathers together this is known as __________________.
____________________ is the process when water is evaporated from plants.
_____________________ is the gas form of water.
Evaporation and condensation are both examples of changes in ________________ energy.
The weight of an object is equal to the ____________ of all of its parts together.
A _____________________ is a change in which no new materials form.
A _____________________ is a change in which one or more types of matter form.
Energy: Conservation and Transfer
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___________________ is the movement of heat from one object to another.
___________________ is the transfer of thermal energy between things that are touching.
___________________ is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of liquids or gasses. It
creates a circular movement (or currents)
__________________ is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves (from a
distance).
All objects are made up of _____________________. This is anything that has mass and takes up
space.
____________________ is the amount of matter that makes up an object.
A __________________ transfers heat easily.
A __________________ does not transfer heat easily.
Water _____________________ when it is frozen.
Earth Systems, Structures, and Processes
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________________________ is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place.
Temperature is measured with a ______________________________.
A __________________________ is used to measure the amount of rain that has fallen.
A _____________________________ shows wind direction.
An _______________________________ measures wind speed.
Air pressure is measured with a ____________________________.
High pressure means the weather will be _______________________________.
Low pressure means the weather will be _______________________________.
________________________clouds are low, gray clouds that form in layers. The type of weather
they bring is ________________________.
_______________________ clouds are puffy, white clouds. The type of weather they bring is
_____________________.
_______________________________ clouds are tall, dark clouds that bring
___________________________________.
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The highest clouds that are thin and wispy are _____________________________ clouds and
they bring _________________________________________.
An _______________________________ is a large body of air with the same temperature and
humidity.
A _____________________________ is a place where two air masses meet.
A ____________________ front is when a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass. It brings
_____________________________________________ weather and once it passes over an area,
temperatures ________________________.
A ___________________ front is when a warm air mass slowly rises over a cold air mass. It
brings _____________________ weather and once it passes over an area, temperatures
__________________.
A __________________ front forms when two air masses meet and stop moving. It brings
____________________________________________________________________.
North Carolina is in the _____________________________ hemisphere. When it is winter in the
Northern hemisphere, it is ________________________ in the Southern hemisphere.
The higher you go in elevation, the ________________________ the temperatures.
The rainshadow effect occurs when a warm air masses ______________ on one side of the
mountain and cools and condenses and makes a __________________. The cloud drops its
precipitation. When the cloud moves to the other side of the mountain it leaves the other side
_____________.
Bodies of water take ________________________ to heat and cool than the land.
Winds at the beach change direction between day and night because
____________________________ over land and water change throughout the day.
____________________________ has the greatest effect on wind speed.
Wind is created when air moves from _________ pressure to ________ pressure.
____________________________ is most responsible for the uneven heating of the air in the
atmosphere.
______________________________ are currents in the air.
The ______________________________________________ move air masses from west to east
across the United States.
A ___________________________ is an air current in the upper atmosphere that flows from
west to east. They do not follow regular patterns; they dip, bend, and change position.
The __________________________________ is a warm ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean. It
helps keep weather along the eastern coast mild by warming the air and land there during cooler
months.
An unusual warming of the surface water in the Pacific Ocean is known as
_________________________.
An unusual cooling of the surface water in the Pacific Ocean is known as
_________________________.
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms
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A __________________________organism is made up of only one cell that are simple forms of
life that can carry out the basic processes of life in one cell. Examples of these organism are
_______________________, ________________________, ______________________, and
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_______________________. These organisms can __________________, ________________,
________________, _________________, and ________________.
A _______________________ organism is made up of more than one cell and each kind of cell
has a specialized job. Examples of these organisms are _____________________,
______________________, and ___________________.
________________________ system breaks down food so it can be used for the body.
o It contains _________________________________________________
________________________system takes in oxygen from the air that you breathe.
o It contains _________________________________________________
________________________ system carries oxygen and blood throughout the body
o It contains _________________________________________________
________________________ system gives structure and support
o It contains _________________________________________________
________________________ system pulls the bones to produce movement
o It contains __________________________________________________
________________________ system controls all the other body systems
o It contains __________________________________________________
Ecosystems
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Land based ecosystems are called _________________________.
Water based ecosystems are called _________________________.
Living things in an ecosystem are called _______________________ factors.
Nonliving things in an ecosystem are called ________________________ factors.
The freshwater ecosystems are ___________________and __________________.
The salt water ecosystems are _______________________.
The ecosystems that are freshwater and salt water are ________________ and
________________. The organisms adapt to the changing levels of salt.
The _____________________ ecosystem is flat with many tall grasses.
The _______________________________ ecosystem has many trees that lose their leaves each
fall.
The _______________________________ ecosystem has a lot of sunlight and rainfall with a lot
of variety of organisms.
The _______________________________ ecosystem is a colder forest with pine and fir trees.
The _____________ affect the varying levels of salt in estuaries and salt marshes.
________________________ have the most variety of organisms because of their diversity.
A __________________________ is a living thing that makes its own energy from the sun. These
organisms would be _______________________.
A __________________________ is a living thing that gets its energy by eating other living
things. These organisms would be ___________________________________.
A____________________is a consumer that eats only plants.
A____________________is a consumer that eats only other animals.
A ____________________ is a consumer that eats both plants and animals.
A ___________________________ is a living thing that gets energy by breaking down wastes and
dead plants and animals and turning it into __________________ for the soil. Examples of these
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organisms would be
__________________________________________________________________.
A __________________________ shows the path of energy as it flows from one living thing to
the next.
A food chain always begins with a _________________________.
A __________________________ is several food chains linked together.
The bottom level of an energy pyramid always contains ________________________.
Animals breathe in ___________________________ and out _______________________.
Plants take in ___________________________ and release _________________________.
To ____________________________ means to try to get something that others need or want.
A __________________ is an animal that hunts to get its food.
A __________________ is an animal that is hunted.
What are some ways humans can destroy habitats?
_______________________________________________________________________
If a prey population increases, how does it affect predators?
_______________________________________________________________________
If a prey population decreases, how does it affect predators?
_______________________________________________________________________
How do animals depend on plants?
_____________________________________________________________________________
How do plants depend on animals?
_____________________________________________________________________________
If an organisms’ habitat is destroyed or food source is destroyed, that organism would
_____________________ or _______________________.
Evolution and Genetics
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A ___________________ is a quality or characteristic of a living thing.
Some traits are ______________________ (things you can see) and some are
___________________ (ways in which a living thing acts or responds to its environment.)
Some traits are passed down from parents to offspring through genes or DNA and these are
called ______________________ traits.
Half of your traits are from your _____________________ and half are from your
______________________.
An ______________________ trait is a characteristic that a living thing gets during its lifetime.
A ________________________________________ is a skill that an animal develops after it is
born.
Forces and Motion
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The speed of an object determines how much distance it covers.
Speed is the distance an object moves in a certain amount of time.
When an object is in motion, its position is changing.
A reference point is any object that is not moving and can be used to describe the position of
another object.
The formula for speed is distance÷ time.
What words can be used to describe an object’s direction? North, south, east, west
 If a reference point is getting closer or farther away, the object is in motion.
A force is a push or a pull.
A stronger force will cause an object to move faster and farther.
Forces cause objects to: stop, start, change direction, or change speed.
Lighter objects will move faster and farther than heavier objects if pushed with the same
amount of force.
Gravity is a force that pulls things toward each other.
The smaller the distance, the greater the force of gravity.
Friction is a force that acts when two objects touch each other.
Air resistance works against gravity to decrease an object’s speed.
Gravity causes an object to fall to the ground.
Friction is the force that acts in the opposite direction.
Gravity, friction, and air resistance are all considered forces
Rough surfaces have more friction than smooth surfaces.
Gravity depends on two factors: mass and distance
Objects with more mass exert a greater force of gravity than objects with less mass.
On a distance-time graph, a straight line means constant speed. A curved line up means
increasing speed, a curved line down means decreasing speed, and a flat line means the object
stopped.
Matter: Properties and Change
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Evaporation is the process where water is heated by the sun and lifted into the air and is changed
into a gas.
During evaporation, water changes from the liquid form to the gas form.
When water vapor is lifted high into the atmosphere and cools and changes back to water
droplets. This is the process known as condensation.
During condensation water is changed from the gas form to the liquid form.
Water droplets gather together with dust in the atmosphere and form clouds.
When the clouds get too heavy, the water falls back down to the earth in the process known as
precipitation.
The four forms of precipitation are rain, sleet, snow, and hail.
The type of precipitation depends on the temperature of the cloud and the temperature close to
the Earth’s surface.
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Water that flows across the land after the ground can no longer support water being soaked in is
known as run-off.
When water gathers together this is known as accumulation
Transpiration is the process when water is evaporated from plants.
Water vapor is the gas form of water.
Evaporation and condensation are both examples of changes in heat energy.
The weight of an object is equal to the sum of all of its parts together.
A physical change is a change in which no new materials form.
A chemical change is a change in which one or more types of matter form.
Energy: Conservation and Transfer
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Heat transfer is the movement of heat from one object to another.
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy between things that are touching.
Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of liquids or gasses. It creates a
circular movement (or currents)
Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves (from a distance).
All objects are made up of matter. This is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an object.
A conductor transfers heat easily.
A insulator does not transfer heat easily.
Water expands when it is frozen.
Earth Systems, Structures, and Processes
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Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place.
Temperature is measured with a thermometer.
A rain gauge is used to measure the amount of rain that has fallen.
A wind vane shows wind direction.
An anemometer measures wind speed.
Air pressure is measured with a barometer.
High pressure means the weather will be sunny, clear, fair, cool.
Low pressure means the weather will be stormy, rainy, cloudy.
Stratus clouds are low, gray clouds that form in layers. The type of weather they bring is drizzly
rain, fog.
Cumulus clouds are puffy, white clouds. The type of weather they bring is sunny, fair.
Cumulonimbus clouds are tall, dark clouds that bring rain, storms.
The highest clouds that are thin and wispy are cirrus clouds and they bring fair weather and they
are an indicator of a change in weather.
An air mass is a large body of air with the same temperature and humidity.
A front is a place where two air masses meet.
A cold front is when a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass. It brings heavy rain, stormy
weather and once it passes over an area, temperatures decrease.
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A warm front is when a warm air mass slowly rises over a cold air mass. It brings light rainy
weather and once it passes over an area, temperatures rise.
A stationary front forms when two air masses meet and stop moving. It brings many days of
overcast weather.
North Carolina is in the Northern hemisphere. When it is winter in the Northern hemisphere, it is
summer in the Southern hemisphere.
The higher you go in elevation, the cooler the temperatures.
The rainshadow effect occurs when a warm air masses rise on one side of the mountain and
cools and condenses and makes a cloud. The cloud drops its precipitation. When the cloud
moves to the other side of the mountain it leaves the other side dry.
Bodies of water take longer to heat and cool than the land.
Winds at the beach change direction between day and night because temperatures over land
and water change throughout the day.
Air pressure has the greatest effect on wind speed.
Wind is created when air moves from high pressure to low pressure.
Convection is most responsible for the uneven heating of the air in the atmosphere.
Global winds are currents in the air.
The prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east across the United States.
A jet stream is an air current in the upper atmosphere that flows from west to east. They do not
follow regular patterns; they dip, bend, and change position.
The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean. It helps keep weather along the
eastern coast mild by warming the air and land there during cooler months.
An unusual warming of the surface water in the Pacific Ocean is known as El Nino.
An unusual cooling of the surface water in the Pacific Ocean is known as La Nina.
Structures and Functions of Living Organisms
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A unicellular organism is made up of only one cell that are simple forms of life that can carry out
the basic processes of life in one cell. Examples of these organism are bacteria, euglena,
paramecium, and amoeba. These organisms can move, grow, take in nutrients, eliminate wastes,
and reproduce.
A multicellular organism is made up of more than one cell and each kind of cell has a specialized
job. Examples of these organisms are humans, plants, and animals.
Digestive system breaks down food so it can be used for the body.
o It contains mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
Respiratory system takes in oxygen from the air that you breathe.
o It contains mouth, nose, trachea, and lungs.
Circulatory system carries oxygen and blood throughout the body
o It contains heart, veins, and arteries.
Skeletal system gives structure and support
o It contains bones.
Muscular system pulls the bones to produce movement
o It contains muscles.
Nervous system controls all the other body systems
o It contains brain, nerves, and spinal cord.
Ecosystems
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Land based ecosystems are called terrestrial.
Water based ecosystems are called aquatic.
Living things in an ecosystem are called biotic factors.
Nonliving things in an ecosystem are called abiotic factors.
The freshwater ecosystems are lakes and ponds.
The salt water ecosystems are oceans.
The ecosystems that are freshwater and salt water are estuaries and salt marshes. The organisms
adapt to the changing levels of salt.
The Grasslands ecosystem is flat with many tall grasses.
The Deciduous Forest ecosystem has many trees that lose their leaves each fall.
The Tropical Rainforest ecosystem has a lot of sunlight and rainfall with a lot of variety of
organisms.
The Coniferous Forest ecosystem is a colder forest with pine and fir trees.
The tides affect the varying levels of salt in estuaries and salt marshes.
Oceans have the most variety of organisms because of their diversity.
A producer is a living thing that makes its own energy from the sun. These organisms would be
plants.
A consumer is a living thing that gets its energy by eating other living things. These organisms
would be humans and animals.
A herbivore_is a consumer that eats only plants.
A carnivore is a consumer that eats only other animals.
A omnivore is a consumer that eats both plants and animals.
A decomposer is a living thing that gets energy by breaking down wastes and dead plants and
animals and turning it into nutrients for the soil. Examples of these organisms would be worms,
bacteria, maggots, mold, mushrooms, and termites.
A food chain shows the path of energy as it flows from one living thing to the next.
A food chain always begins with a producer
A food web is several food chains linked together.
The bottom level of an energy pyramid always contains producers.
Animals breathe in oxygen and out carbon dioxide
Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
To compete means to try to get something that others need or want.
A predator is an animal that hunts to get its food.
A prey is an animal that is hunted.
What are some ways humans can destroy habitats? Construction, pollution, cutting down trees
If a prey population increases, how does it affect predators? There will be more food for the
predators.
If a prey population decreases, how does it affect predators? There will be less food for the
predators.
How do animals depend on plants? For oxygen, food, and shelter.
How do plants depend on animals? For pollination and spreading seeds.
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If an organisms’ habitat is destroyed or food source is destroyed, that organism would move to a
new location or find another food source.
Evolution and Genetics
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A trait is a quality or characteristic of a living thing.
Some traits are physical (things you can see) and some are behavioral (ways in which a living
thing acts or responds to its environment.)
Some traits are passed down from parents to offspring through genes or DNA and these are
called inherited traits.
Half of your traits are from your father and half are from your mother.
An acquired trait is a characteristic that a living thing gets during its lifetime.
A learned behavior is a skill that an animal develops after it is born.