Download Bio07_TR__U10_CH37.QXD

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Class
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Reviewing Key Concepts
Short Answer On the lines provided, answer the following questions.
1. What is the function of the heart?
2. What does blood carry throughout the body?
3. In what direction do all arteries carry blood?
4. In what direction do all veins carry blood?
5. What role do capillaries play in the circulatory system?
Reviewing Key Skills
Completion On the lines provided, complete the paragraph using the terms
lungs, pulmonary veins, aorta, pulmonary arteries, superior vena cava, left atrium,
right atrium, left ventricle, and right ventricle.
A large vein called the __________________________ brings the blood from
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the upper part of the body to the heart, where it enters the______________________________ .
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The blood is pumped out of the right atrium into the _____________________________ and
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travels through the __________________________ to the __________________________ , where
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it picks up oxygen. From the lungs, blood travels through the ______________________________
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and returns to the heart, where it enters the ____________________________ . Finally, the
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blood is forced from the __________________________ into
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the _________________________ , which carries it to the tissues of the body.
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15. Comparing and Contrasting A stroke may also be referred to as a “brain
attack”. In what ways is a stroke similar to a heart attack?
© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall.
Reviewing Key Concepts
Matching On the line provided, match the letter of the nutrient with the
description of its function in the human body.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
water
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
vitamins
minerals
______________ 1. provide the body with building materials for
growth and repair
______________ 2. needed to build cell membranes, produce certain
hormones, and store energy
______________ 3. major source of energy for the body
______________ 4. most important of all nutrients, makes up the bulk
of most bodily fluids
______________ 5. inorganic nutrients
______________ 6. organic molecules needed by the body to help
regulate body processes
Short Answer On the lines provided, answer the following questions.
7. Why do all the cells in your body need water?
8. What problems may result from dehydration of the body?
Reviewing Key Skills
9. Applying Concepts Why can your body store fat-soluble vitamins
but not water-soluble vitamins?
10. Applying Concepts If you eat according to the food pyramid, what
food group should make up the largest percentage of your diet?
Reviewing Key Concepts
Short Answer On the lines provided, answer the following questions.
1. Which organ of the excretory system filters urea, toxins, and wastes from blood?
2. Your body releases carbon dioxide from which organ of excretion?
3. Which organ uses sweat to excrete water, salts, and a small amount of urea?
4. List three ways in which kidneys maintain homeostasis in the body.
5. What are two ways in which the activity of the kidneys is controlled?
Reviewing Key Skills
6. Formulating Hypotheses Water, urea, glucose, salts, amino acids, and some
vitamins
pass out of the blood, through membranes, and into the kidneys. Plasma
proteins, cells,
and platelets do not. Suggest an explanation for this observation.
Interpreting Graphics For questions 7 through 10, use the diagram of a
nephron to answer the following questions.
Glomerulus
7. Where does the process of filtration
take
place?
Bowman’s
capsule
Capillaries
8. What substances are filtered out of the
blood in the glomerulus?
9. What happens to the filtrate as it flows
through the loop of Henle?
Vein
10. What is the material called that empties
into the collecting duct?
Collecting
duct
Artery
Loop of Henle