Download Practice quiz for Micro

Practice quiz for Micro - Chapters 10, 12, 13, 14, 15
1. Viruses that have a single strand of RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis are known as
A) retroviruses.
B) proviruses.
C) viroids.
D) bacteriophages.
E) lytic phages.
2. Some viruses have a lipid bilayer, also known as the viral envelope. The viral envelope most likely comes from the
following source:
A) host cell plasma membrane
B) host membrane bound organelles
C) host nucleus
D) another virus
3. The reason that retroviruses can direct the formation of DNA from RNA is because most retroviruses contain the
following enzyme
A) RNA polymerase
B) DNA polymerase
C) DNA ligase
D) reverse transcriptase
4. Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in a typical virus replication cycle?
A)
B)
C)
D)
maturation  adsorption  penetration  release
adsorption  penetration  release  maturation
adsorption  penetration  synthesis  maturation
adsorption  penetration  maturation  synthesis
5. Because viruses such as bacteriophages lead to bursting of the bacterial host cell they are known as ________ viruses.
A)
B)
C)
D)
lytic
lysogenic
recurring
lethal
6. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by a retrovirus. Which of the following best represents the
genetic information flow used by retroviruses?
A) DNA  mRNA  protein
B) DNA  protein
C) RNA  DNA  mRNA  protein
D) RNA  protein
7. A prion is made of which of the following?
A)
B)
C)
D)
RNA
DNA
proteins
both DNA and RNA
8. An agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria is called a (an)
A) antiseptic
B) bactericide
C) bacteriostatic
D) sanitizer
9. What is the most susceptible phase of growth for most microorganisms by an antimicrobial agent?
A)
B)
C)
D)
lag phase
log phase
stationary phase
death phase
10. The use of phenol as a standard with which to compare the effectiveness of other chemical disinfectants is referred to
as the
A) phenol coefficient
B) phenol concentration
C) phenol effectiveness
D) phenol conditions
11. Soluble compounds that reduce surface tension thus dissolving lipids are known as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
alkylating agents
halogens
oxidizing agents
surfactants
12. Ultraviolet radiation
A)
B)
C)
D)
is the same as X rays
is the same as gamma rays
penetrates glass, cloth, paper and most other materials
kills microorganisms by damaging DNA and proteins
13. When food is salted, water diffuses ________microorganisms, causing them to ____ and die.
A) into; shrink
B) into; explode
C) out of; shrink
D) out of; explode
14. Antibiotics that contain a beta-lactam ring
A)
B)
C)
D)
bind to and cross-link peptidoglycans
act as an antimetabolite
bind to a bacterial RNA polymerase
are erroneously incorporated as nucleic acids
15. What antibiotic kills bacteria by disrupting their cell membranes?
A) erythromycin
B) rifampin
C) tetracycline
D) polymyxin B
16. Which of the following microbes easily satisfies Koch's postulates?
A) fastidious bacteria
B) sepsis, for which many microbes are regularly isolated
C) hepatitis C, for which there is no suitable animal model
D) plague, as it can be isolated from sick patients
17. The spreading of exotoxins from the site of infection via the blood is called:
A) septicemia
B) toxemia
C) colonization
D) adherence
18. Attenuation
A) is the increase in the pathogenicity of a microbe
B) is the process that weakens the disease-producing ability of a pathogen
C) does not affect the capacity to produce disease
D) is the process that decreases the number of organisms that enter the body
19. The total number of people infected within a population at a given time is the
A) incidence
B) etiology
C) prevalence
D) morbidity
20. Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include all of the following except
A) overcrowding
B) migration
C) lack of vaccination
D) access to medical care
21. A site where microorganisms can persist and thus maintain the ability to cause infection:
A) control group
B) portal of exit
C) reservoir
D) prospective
22. In herd immunity, typically 90% of the population is __________ while 10 % is __________ to an infectious disease.
A) susceptible, immune B) immune, infected
C) infected, susceptible
D) immune, susceptible
23. DNA viruses are grouped into families based on the following characteristics except:
A)
B)
C)
D)
presence of an envelope
presence of a capsid
whether DNA is single stranded or double stranded
whether DNA is linear or circular
24. The total number of people infected within a population at a given time is the
A)
B)
C)
D)
incidence
etiology
prevalence
morbidity
25. An infectious disease in which transmission can occur during the incubation period of disease is considered
to be:
A) chronic
B) acute
C) carrier
D) communicable