Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Unit II Test: The Cell Directions: Place the answer to the following questions on the scantron sheet. Do Not write on the test paper. Use the following to answer questions 1-4 a). active transport b). diffusion c). osmosis d). passive transport 1. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration 2. Requires energy to move particles 3. Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane 4. No external energy needed to move particles Use the following information to answer the next 2 questions A blood cell is placed in 10% salt solution. Its interior is composed of 3% salt. 5. The blood cell would probably a). lyse b). crenate c). Retain its normal shape d). Lose its salt content 6. The concentration of water in this example is a). greater inside the cell than outside b). Greater in the immediate environment than in the cell c). Equal inside and outside the cell d). Not important to the size of the cell Answer questions 7-11 using the diagrams below: 7. This structure is responsible for energy production within the cell. a). 5 b). 1 c). 13 d). 4 8. This structure contains three layers of protein and lipid material a). 7 b). 15 c). 6 d). 14 9. Contains large amounts of cellulose a). 20 b). 15 c). 14 d). 13 10. Contains microtubules and microfilaments a). 17 b). 6 c). 7 d). 19 11. Contains all the codes for protein production in a cell. a). 10 b). 12 c). 13 d). 8 True or False (If false, explain why it is false.) 12. The chromosomes of prokaryotes are found in the nucleus _____________________________________ 13. A cell contains: a nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall and cytoplasm. It is a prokaryotic animal cell ___________________________________ 14. The nucleolus is the cell structure that produces ribosomes. __________________________________________ 15. Structures that carry the hereditary information form one cell generation to another during cell division are called chromosomes _______________________________ 16. Each daughter cell receives a complete set of genes when centromeres separate during anaphase _______________________________________________________ 17. The chromosomes number in human skin cells number: a). 23 b). 46 c). 44 d). both a and b are correct 18. The stage in mitosis when the chromosomes line up along the middle is a). interphase b). prophase c). metaphase d). anaphase e). telophase 19. The main purpose of mitosis is to get daughter cells that a). are identical to the parent cell b). have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell c). get genetic diversity d). are able to adapt 20. Most of the ATP molecules derived from nutrient metabolism are produced by: a). anaerobic fermentation b). electron transport c). glycolysis d). Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain 21. Cytokinesis follows ________ in the cell cycle. : a). anaphase b). interphase c). metaphase d). telophase 22. In the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is a). oxygen b). water c). NADH d). the mitochondrion 23. The reactants in the process of photosynthesis are: a). NADH and ATP b). carbon dioxide and water c). Sugar and oxygen d). Chlorophyll and sunlight 24. The complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose will produce __molecules of ATP ? a). 2 b). 16 c).24 d). 36 25. The main function of the S-phase of the cell cycle is to produce : a). cell parts b). centromeres c). DNA d). spindle fibers 26. The light reaction of photosynthesis takes place in the : a). cytoplasm b). thylakoids c). stroma d). outer membrane of the chloroplast 27. The Calvin cycle takes place in the : a). cytoplasm b). thylakoids c). stroma d). outer membrane of the chloroplast 28. Glycolysis occurs in what part of the cell? a). nucleus b). mitochondrion c). plasma membrane d). cytoplasm 29. During mitosis, the chromosome is attached to the spindle fiber by means of the a). centrosome b). centriole c). centromere d). kinetochore e). chromatid 30. Which process takes place during the S phase of the cell cycle? a). spindle formation b). DNA replication c). formation of chromatids d). replication of centromeres 31. The "rungs" of the twisted ladder of DNA are made of a). sugar b). phosphate c). sugar and phosphate d). bases 32. RNA differs from DNA in that a). uracil is replaced by thymine in RNA b). RNA is double stranded c). the sugar in RNA is ribose rather than deoxyribose d). bases separate prior to replication 33 . If a protein has 100 amino acids, how many RNA codons would be required for translation to occur? a). 100 b). 33 c). 300 d). 500 Use the following to answer questions 34-37 a).Uracil b). Nucleotide c).Ribosome d).Thymine e). Adenine 34. Three part unit of phosphate, deoxyribose ,and a base. 35. Site of protein formation 36. Replaces thymine in RNA production 37. Nitrogen base that pairs with thymine Use the following to answer questions 38- 41 a). Deoxyribose b). Ribose c). Phosphate d). Guanine 38. Base which combines with cytosine 39. compound connecting sugars in DNA and RNA molecules 40. Sugar in DNA molecule 41. Sugar in RNA molecule 42. Examples of this are DNA and RNA a). carbohydrates b). lipids c). nucleic acid d). proteins Essay Question Directions: Read the following section. Line graph the data, answer the questions, and write a lab report discussing the data. Protein production is one of the main functions of a living cell. The amount of protein is related to the amount of raw materials made available to the cell. Along with these materials external conditions also play an important role in creating protein. The data below was collected from an experiment trying to relate cellular protein production and environmental pH. Examine the data and produce a line graph. Answer the questions that follow and write a lab report defining your conclusion. pH of the solution Specimen 1. Amount of Protein produced per cell in mg/day Specimen 2. Amount of Protein produced per cell in mg/day 5.0 10 40 5.5 34 35 6.0 50 24 6.5 40 24 7.5 35 10 8.0 16 5 1. Graph Title: __________________________________________________________ 2. What is the independent variable in this experiment? ___________________________. 3. What would be a good hypothesis for this experiment ?_________________________. 4. What is the average pH of the experiment? _______________. 5. What is the mean amount of protein produced by Specimen 1? _______________. 6. What is the mode found in Specimen 2? _________________. 7. Based on the above data, what type of environment would best suit the optimum development of each of the two specimens? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 8. Write a lab report analyzing the data. Include all the facts collected ( see graph ) to back up your conclusions. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Answers 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. d 5. b). crenate 6. a). greater inside the cell than outside 7. a). 5 8. d). 14 9. b). 15 10. b). 6 11. a). 10 12. False, cytoplasm 13. False, Eukaryotic plant cell 14. True nucleolus 15. True chromosomes 16. False, paired chromosomes 17. b). 46 18. c). metaphase 19. a). are identical to the parent cell 20. d). Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain 21. d). telophase 22. a). oxygen 23. b). carbon dioxide and water 24. d). 36 25. c). DNA 26. b). thylakoids 27. c). stroma 28. d). cytoplasm 29. c). centromere 30.b). DNA replication 31.d). bases 32. c). the sugar in RNA is ribose rather than deoxyribose 33 . a). 100 34. b 35. c 36. a 37. e 38. d 39. c 40. a 41. b 42. c). nucleic acid 1. Graph Title: ____Protein Production vs pH___________________ _ 2. What is the independent variable in this experiment? ___pH__________. 3. What would be a good hypothesis for this experiment ?__Protein production varies with pH.________. 4. What is the average pH of the experiment? __6.416_____. 5. What is the mean amount of protein produced by Specimen 1? __30.8______. 6. What is the mode found in Specimen 2? ___23________. 7. Based on the above data, what type of environment would best suit the optimum development of each of the two specimens? _____specimen1 slightly acidic______ ____speciman 2 more acidic than specimen 1_________