Download Outline of Medical Microbiology

Outline of Medical Microbiology
课程名称：医学微生物学
授课专业：五年制全英班临床医学专业
学时与学分：总学时数为 72（理论课 42 学时，实验课 30 学时）
一、课程性质和目的 Preface
This outline is for 5-year medical students. The curriculum is organized into there parts:
bacteriology, mycology and virology. The students will be expected to master the basic theory,
knowledge and techniques used in medical microbiology. In the course of lessons, teachers may
introduce new concepts in medical microbiology in addition to the contents of the textbook. For
concrete content of each chapter, the aims and requests will be divided into three parts: master
contents, familiar contents and comprehended contents.
According to the teaching plan of our university implemented in 2006, there are 70 total
hours of teaching divided into 40 hours for lectures and 38 hours for laboratory work.
二、理论课教学内容及基本要求
Part Ⅰ fundamentals of microbiology and parasitology
Part Ⅱ
bacteriology
【Requirement】
Master the definition of microorganism
Master the classification of microorganism
Master the definition and characteristics of the prokaryote
【Class hour】
0.5 hours
Chapter 7
Morphology and Structure of bacteria
【Requirement】
Master the superficial structure of bacteria.
Master the special structure of bacteria and their functions.
Master the following concepts :
1. plasmid 2. flagellum 3. pillus 4. capsule 5. spore 6.L-form bacterium 7.
lipopolysaccharide(LPS)
Understand the size and shape of bacteria.
【Class hour】
2 hours
Chapter 8
Physiology of bacteria
【Requirement】
Master the reason that obligate anaerobes can’t grow in free oxygen condition.
Master the metabolic products of bacteria.
Master the following concepts: pure culture, pyrogens
Understand bacterial nutrition.
Understand the growth curve of bacteria
【Class hour】2 hours
Chapter 9
Sterilization and Disinfection
【Requirement】
Master the concepts of sterilization, disinfection, antisepsis and asepsis.
Master the physical action of antimicrobial methods.
Master the antimicrobial method of UV :
Understand the chemical antimicrobial methods.
Understand the factors affecting disinfectant potency.
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter 10 Bacterial Genetics and Variation
【Requirement】
Master the characteristics of plasmid.
Master the mechanism of mutation and gene transfer of bacteria.
Master the following concepts :
1. Plasmid
2. transformation
3. transduction
5. lysogenic phage (temperate phage)
4. conjugation
6. lysogenic bacteria
7. prophage
Understand the gene mutation
Understand the homologous recombination
【Class hour】2 hours
Chapter 11
Bacterial infection and immunity
【Requirement】
Master the infection of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
Master the functions of normal flora
Master the following concepts :
1. normal flora
2. opportunistic pathogenic bacteria
Master the mechanism of bacterial virulence
Master the toxins of bacteria
Master the following concepts : 1.Toxemia 2.bacteremia
3.septicemia 4.pyemia
Understand the host defence against bacterial infection
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 12
Principles of Diagnosis and Prevention of Bacterial Infection
【Requirement】
Master the general approach to the diagnosis of a bacterial infection
Master the concept of artificial immunity
Master the uses and common byproduct of artificial active immunity and artificial
passive immunization
Understand the type of serological diagnosis
Understand the other test of pathogen
Understand the type of vaccines
【Class hour】1 hours
Chapter 14
Coccus
【Requirement】
Master the diseases, pathogenesis and clinical findings of Staphylococcus and
Streptococcus.
Master the important toxins and enzymes produced by S. aureus and group A
streptococcus.
Master the three hemolytic types of streptococcus.
Master the biological characteristics of meningococci and gonococci
Master the pathogenesis of pneumococci
Understand the following concepts: 1. Coagulase
2. SPA
3. M protein
4.
Streptolysin
5. poststreptococcal diseases
Understand the transmission, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
staphylococcus, streptococcus, meningococci and gonococci
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 15
Enteric Bacilli
【Requirement】
Master antigens and common features of the enteric bacilli.
Master the diseases, pathogenesis and clinical findings of Escherichia.
Master the surface structural components and toxin associated with pathogenesis of
Escherichia.
Master the feature of three types E.coli (ETEC, EIEC, EHEC) in intestinal tract i
nfection.
Master the disease of systemic infection caused by E.coli.
Master the antigenic structure, classification pathogenicity and laboratory diagnosis of
shigella and salmonella
Master the Widal test
Understand the important properties, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
Escherichia.
Understand the detection of carrier and its significance of salmonella
Understand the immunity and prophylactic – therapenic principle of shigella
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 16
Vibrio
【Requirement】
Master the mechanism of pathogenicity of V. cholerea
Master the culture of V. cholerea
Master the treatment and prevention of V. cholerea
Master the pathogenesis of V. parahemolyticus
Understand the halophilic and kanaganwa phenomenon of V. parahemolyticus
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter18
Anaerobic
bacteria
【Requirement】
Master the classification of anaerobic bacteria
Master the pathogenetic conditions of Clostridium
Master the the morphology, culltural characteristic, pathogenic meahanism of C.tetani
and C.botulinum
Master the morphology and pathogenicity of C. perfringens
Understand the laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of clostridium
Understand the diseases caused by non-spore-forming anaerobes
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter19 corynebacterium
【Requirement】
Master the morphology, cultural characteristic and pathogenicity of C.diphtheriae
Understand the Schiclk test
Understand the laboratory diagnosis of C.diphtheriae
【Class hour】 0.5 hours
Chapter 20
Mycobacteria
【Requirement】
Master the common character and classification of Mycobacterium
Master the morphology, cultural characteristic, resistance, pathogenic mechanism and
laboratory diagnosis of M.tuberculosis
Master the relationship between M.tuberculosis’ immunity and allergic reaction
Master the principle and uses of tuberculin test
Master the morphology and pathogenicity of M.laprae
Understand the disease caused by Mycobacterium
Understand the cultural characteristic, immunity, laboratory diagnosis of M.laprae
【Class hour】 1.5 hours
Chapter22 zoonotic bacteria
【Requirement】
Master the pathogenesis of B.anthrucis, Brucella and Y.pestis
Master the biochemical characteristics of B.anthrucis, Brucella and Y.pestis
Understand the prevention and control of B.anthrucis, Brucella and Y.pestis
【Class hour】1 hours
Chapter24 actinomyces and nocardia
【Requirement】
Master the the morphology and pathogenicity of Actinomyces
Master the definition of sulfur granule
Understand the cultural characteristic and laboratory diagnosis of Actinomyces
Understand the pathogenicioy of Nocardia
【Class hour】 0.5 hours
Chapter 25 Spirochetes
【Requirement】
Master the common characteristics of Spirochetes
Master the disease caused by Spirochetes
Master the morphology, cultural characteristic, pathogenicty and immunoprophylaxis of
Leptospira
Understand the immunity, laboratory diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Spirochetes
【Class hour】 0.5 hours
Chapter 26 Chlamydiae
【Requirement】
Master the common characteristics of Chlamydiae
Master the diseases caused by Chlamydiae
Master the following concepts: Elementary body, Initial body, inclusion body
Understand the pathogenic factor, immunity, prevention and treatment of Chlamydiae
【Class hour】 0.5 hours
Chapter 27
Mycoplasmas
【Requirement】
Master the definition of Mycoplasma
Master the common characteristics of Mycoplasma
Master the disease caused by Mycoplasma
Master the classification of Mycoplasma
Understand the difference between mycoplasma and bacterial L form
Understand the biochemical reaction, antigenic structure and laboratory diagnosis of
mycoplasma
【Class hour】 0.5hours
Chapter 28
Rickettsiae
【Requirement】
Master the common characteristics of Rickettsiae
Master the disease caused by Rickettsiae and the transmitted way
Master the following concepts: Weil-Felix reaction
Understand the disease caused by p. prowazekii R.tyhi and R.tsutsugamushi
Understand the route of transmission of p .prowazekii R.typhi and R.tsutsugamushi
【Class hou r】 0.5hours
PART III
Chapter 29
Virology
General properties of viruses
【Requirement】
Master the chemical composition and function of viruses
Master the following concepts :
1. Obligate intracellular parasites 2. Virion 3. Defective virus 4. Prion
Master the size and shape of vireses
Understand the characteristics of Viral Genetics.
Understand the classification of viruses
【Class hour】 1 hour
Chapter 30
Multiplication and variation of viruses
【Requirement】
Master the major feature of the replication cycle of viruses.
Master the following concepts: defective viruses, interference
Understand the biosynthesis of viruses
Understand the viral variation and resistance
【Class hour】 1 hour
Chapter 31
Viral infection and immunity
【Requirement】
Master the pathways of viral infections and the viruses which can result in vertical
infection .
Master the types of viral infection
Master the antiviral activity of IFN.
Understand the effects of viral infection on cells
Understand the classification of IFN and the production of IFN.
Understand the adaptive of specific immunity against virus
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter 32
Diagnosis of viral infections
【Requirement】
Master the examination methods of viral infection.
Understand the viral isolation and growth
Understand the serologic test
【Class hour】 0.5 hours
Chapter 33
Prevention and treatment of viral infection
【Requirement】
Understand the vaccines of viruses
Understand the antiviral agents.
【Class hour】 1 hour
Chapter 34
Hepatitis Viruses
【Requirement】
Master the comparative characteristics of hepatitis A-E viruses
Master the important properties of HAV.
Master the important properties, transmission, Ags & Abs, and vaccines of HBV
Master the results analysis of HBV antigen-antibody detection
Understand the pathogenesis of HCV
Understand the biological characterization of HDV
Understand the important properties of HEV.
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 35
Respiratory Viruses
【Requirement】
Master the major biologic properties of Influenza virus
Master the structure and antigenic types of Influenza virus
Master the two types of antigenic changes of Influenza virus: antigenic shift and
antigenic drift.
Master the pathogenesis of influenza virus, mumps virus, rubella virus, coronaviruses
and SARS-coronavirus
Understand the laboratory diagnosis of influenza virus
Understand the major biologic properties of paramyxoviridae
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 36 Enteroviruses
【Requirement】
Master the common properties of Enteroviruses.
Master the classification of Enteroviruses.
Master the pathogenesis and prevention of poliovirus
Understand the clinical findings and laboratory diagnosis of poliovirus
Understand the other enteroviruses
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter 37 Herpesviruses
【Requirement】
Master the common properties of Herpesviruses.
Master the types of infection
Master the pathogenesis of HSV, VZV, CMV and EBV
Understand the immunity and prevention of Herpesviruses
Understand the other Herpesviruses
【Class hour】 1 hours
Chapter 38 Retroviruses and cancer associated viruses
【Requirement】
Master the major biologic properties of HIV
Master the functions of gp120;
Master the transmission of HIV;
Master the prevention of HIV
Understand the classification, pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of HIV.
Understand the pathogenesis of HTLV-1
【Class hour】 2 hours
Chapter 39 Encephalitis viruses
【Requirement】
Master the major biologic properties of JEV
Master the vectors and reservoirs of JEV
Master the pathogenesis of JEV;
Understand the laboratory diagnosis and prevention of JEV.
Understand the pathogenesis of forest encephalitis viruses
【Class hour】1 hours
Chapter 40 hemorrhagic fever viruses
【Requirement】
Master the pathogenesis of Hantaviruses, xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus and dengue
virus
Master the transmission of Hantaviruses, xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus and dengue
virus
Understand the prevention of Hantaviruses, xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus and dengue
virus
【Class hour】0.5 hours
Chapter 41 other important viruses
【Requirement】
Master the major biologic properties of rabies virus and rotavirus
Master the definition of Negri body
Master the pathogenesis and prevention of rabies virus
Master the pathogenesis of rotavirus
Understand the treatment of rotavirus
Understand the major biologic properties of prion
Understand the diseases caused by prion
【Class hour】 2 hours
PART Ⅳ
MYCOLOGY
Chapter 42 General properties of fungi
【Requirement】
Master the morphology, culture pathogenesis and diagnosis of fungi
Understand the classification, immunity and treatment of fungi
【Class hour】 1 hour
Chapter 43
pathogenic fungi
【Requirement】
Master the major biologic properties of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
Master the pathogenesis of Dermatophytes, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus
neoformans
Understand the major biologic properties of Dermatophytes
Understand the diagnosis Dermatophytes, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans
【Class hour】 1 hour
三、实验课教学内容
Medical Microbiology Experiment
Experiment 1
【Requirement】
Master the techniques for bacterial inoculation.
Master the aseptic techniques in microbiology experiment
Be familiar with the media for routine cultivation of bacteria well.
【content】
1. Distribution of bacteria in the nature and human
2. Preparation of basic media (displaying)
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 2
【Requirement】
Master the use of oil-immersion lens of microscope.
Master the approach of gram stain.
Be familiar with the bacterial shape and special structure .
【content】
1. Use oil-immersion lens of microscope
2. gram stain
3. observation the shape of bacteria
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 3
【Requirement】
Master the streaking method.
Master the pure culture techniques in different mediums
Be familiar with the growth of bacteria in different mediums
Be familiar with the metabolic product of bacteria
Be familiar with the usage of autoclaving
【content】
1. bacterial culture
2. metabolic product of bacteria (displaying)
3. usage of autoclaving (displaying)
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 4
【Requirement】
Master the paper disk method of antibiotics sensitive test.
Be familiar with the variation of bacteria
Be familiar with the effects of UV
Be familiar with the specificity of phage
【content】
1. effects of antibiotics on bacteria
2. the variation of bacteria (displaying)
3. the effects of UV on bacteria (displaying)
4. the specificity of phage (displaying)
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 5
【Requirement】
Master the process of coagulase test.
Be familiar with the morphology of pathogenic cocci.
【content】
1. coagulase test
2.morphology of pathogenic cocci
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 6
【Requirement】
Master the process of isolation and identification of pathogenic enterobacteriaceae
【content】
isolation and identification of pathogenic enterobacteriaceae
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 7
【Requirement】
Master the process of Widal test
Be familiar with the endotoxin test
【content】
1. Widal test
2. endotoxin test (displaying)
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 8
【Requirement】
Master the process of acid-fast stain.
Master the process of Albert stain
Be familiar with anaerobic culture and Morphology of anaerobic bacteria.
【content】
1. Introduction of anaerobic culture and morphology of anaerobic bacteria
2. acid-fast stain
3. Albert stain
【Class hour】 3 hours
Experiment 9
【Requirement】
Master the process of heamagglutination test.
Be familiar with viral inclusion body.
【content】
1. Heamagglutination test
2. Observation of viral inclusion body.
【Class hour】3 hours
Experiment 10
【Requirement】
Master the process of the stain of fungi.
Be familiar with the morphology of mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochetes and fungi.
【content】
1. Stain of fungi
2. Morphology of mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochetes and fungi
【Class hour】3 hours
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