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Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2002, Pages 107-110
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doi:10.1016/S1567-1348(02)00090-4
Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Detection of Salmonella typhi by polymerase chain
reaction: Implications in diagnosis of typhoid fever
Ashwani Kumar
a
, a,
Vineet Aroraa, Anu Bashamboob and Sher Alib
University College of Medical Sciences, GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi 110095,
India
b
National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
Received 22 March 2002; revised 9 July 2002; accepted 18 July 2002. Available
online 12 September 2002.
Abstract
The present study was conducted to detect Salmonella typhi by polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) in a clinical setting. A group of 40 clinically suspected cases of
typhoid fever, lasting for about 3–11 days, with or without chills and rigors and
hepatosplenomegaly were selected. Of these, 20 were culture positive and the
remaining 20 were found to be negative by conventional blood culture technique.
Primary PCR was followed by nested PCR using two sets of primers corresponding to
flagellar gene of S. typhi strain. Two bands of about 458 and 343 bp were detected in
20 blood culture positive cases and 12 of the 20 culture negative ones. In the
simulated group of samples, no amplification was detected. Our results suggest that
PCR-based diagnosis is particularly useful for all clinically suspected cases of typhoid
fever. The sensitivity of PCR and its potential use in routine diagnosis and
epidemiological studies of typhoid fever can be exploited to complement studies by
including bone marrow culture, faeces and bile samples.
Author Keywords: DNA diagnosis; Salmonella typhi infection; Typhoid fever;
Septicemia; Nested PCR
Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-11-228-2971; fax: +91-11-228-2106.
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2002, Pages
107-110
This Document
Abstract
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PDF (60 K)
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3 of 13
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This Volume/Issue
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Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2002, Pages 107-110
This Document
Abstract
Full Text + Links
PDF (60 K)
Actions
E-mail Article
doi:10.1016/S1567-1348(02)00090-4
Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Detection of Salmonella typhi by polymerase chain
reaction: Implications in diagnosis of typhoid fever
Ashwani Kumar
, a,
Vineet Aroraa, Anu Bashamboob and Sher Alib
a
University College of Medical Sciences, GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi 110095,
India
b
National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
Received 22 March 2002; revised 9 July 2002; accepted 18 July 2002. Available
online 12 September 2002.
Abstract
The present study was conducted to detect Salmonella typhi by polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) in a clinical setting. A group of 40 clinically suspected cases of
typhoid fever, lasting for about 3–11 days, with or without chills and rigors and
hepatosplenomegaly were selected. Of these, 20 were culture positive and the
remaining 20 were found to be negative by conventional blood culture technique.
Primary PCR was followed by nested PCR using two sets of primers corresponding to
flagellar gene of S. typhi strain. Two bands of about 458 and 343 bp were detected in
20 blood culture positive cases and 12 of the 20 culture negative ones. In the
simulated group of samples, no amplification was detected. Our results suggest that
PCR-based diagnosis is particularly useful for all clinically suspected cases of typhoid
fever. The sensitivity of PCR and its potential use in routine diagnosis and
epidemiological studies of typhoid fever can be exploited to complement studies by
including bone marrow culture, faeces and bile samples.
Author Keywords: DNA diagnosis; Salmonella typhi infection; Typhoid fever;
Septicemia; Nested PCR
Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-11-228-2971; fax: +91-11-228-2106.
This Document
Abstract
Full Text + Links
PDF (60 K)
Actions
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Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2002, Pages 107-110
3 of 13
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Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 1 , October 2002, Pages 39-45
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doi:10.1016/S1567-1348(02)00089-8
Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever,
is approximately 50,000 years old*1
Claire Kidgella, Ulrike Reichardb, John Waina, Bodo Linzb, Mia Torpdahlc,
Gordon Dougana and Mark Achtman , , b
a
Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Imperial College of Science,
Technology and Medicine, The Flowers Building, Exhibition Road, South
Kensington, London SW7 2AY, UK
b
Department of Molecular Biology, Max-Planck Institut für Infektionsbiologie,
Schumannstrasse 21/22, 10117, Berlin, Germany
c
Danish Veterinary Laboratory, Bülowsvej 27 1790, Copenhagen, Denmark
Received 11 March 2002; revised 22 April 2002; accepted 23 April 2002. Available
online 27 September 2002.
Abstract
A global collection of 26 isolates of Salmonella typhi was investigated by sequencing
a total of 3336 bp in seven housekeeping genes. Only three polymorphic sites were
found and the isolates fell into four sequence types. These results show that S. typhi is
a recent clone whose last common ancestor existed so recently that multiple mutations
have not yet accumulated. Based on molecular clock rates for the accumulation of
synonymous polymorphisms, we estimate that the last common ancestor of S. typhi
existed 15,000–150,000 years ago, during the human hunter-gatherer phase and prior
to the development of agriculture and the domestication of animals.
Author Keywords: Age; Salmonella; Multilocus sequence typing; Housekeeping
gene; Sequence diversity; Clone; Epidemic disease; Microbial evolution
*1 Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank
database AY142218-41.
Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-30-28460-751; fax: +49-30-28460-750; email:
[email protected]
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Volume 2, Issue 1 , October 2002, Pages 3945
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