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Biological
Diversity
Workbook
Science 9
Worksheet 1: Examining Diversity (1.1)
1.
Give two examples of organisms that roam through the Yellowstone-to-Yukon (Y2Y)
Corridor.
2.
Explain the purpose of the Y2Y Conservation Initiative. Why is it there?
3.
What is the difference between a species, population and community?
4.
Use a Venn diagram to identify the similarities and differences between population
diversity and community diversity. Include at least one difference for each, and a total
of two similarities.
5.
An ecosystem contains water, sand, trees, insects, rocks and snakes. Identify the three
abiotic components of the ecosystem.
6.
Name the 5 kingdoms of biological diversity.
7.
A student classifies an organism using the following order:
Kingdom, subphylum, phylum, class, order, genus, species
Re-write the terms in the correct order.
8.
A newly discovered type of organism has been given the name Canis familiaris. What
type of term is “Canis”?
9.
The number and size of polar bears has decreased over the past century. Give an
explanation for this.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 2: Interdependence (1.2)
1.
On a space station in the sci-fi universe, a small creature lives inside another creature.
The larger creature gains knowledge and experience from the smaller creature. The
smaller creature is given food and water by the larger creature. What type of
interdependence is this?
2.
Which members of a rabbit (prey) population would a wolf (predator) focus on
hunting?
3.
If the entire rabbit population were ravaged by disease and die off, what will happen
to the wolf population over time?
4.
Name three things that are part of an organism’s niche.
5.
Frogs are very successful organisms because tadpoles (baby frogs) do not compete for
food with adult frogs.
a. What is the niche of the tadpole?
b. What is the niche of the adult frog?
6.
On a piece of cheese, several different species of mould may form next to each other.
The different populations grow until they are right next to each other, when they stop
spreading.
a. Describe two characteristics of the niche of cheese mould.
b. Which term describes why each population of mould stopped growing?
7.
A population of termites has settled in the trunk of a large healthy tree. After a few
weeks, the trunk softens and the tree collapses. What type of interdependence is this?
8.
An ant gets food and shelter from a tree. In turn, the ant sprays acid at any invaders to
protect the tree. What type of interdependence is this?
9.
Birds take shelter in a tree, but do not harm the tree. What type of interdependence is
present here?
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 3: Interdependence (1.2)
Plot the following data. The first column refers to the x-axis (horizontal). The second column
refers to the y-axis (vertical). Label each axis properly. Plot all data so that the dates are equally
spread out. Use as much of the graphing area as possible.
Date (month/year)
01/05
04/05
07/05
10/05
01/06
04/06
07/06
Number of Wildebeest
126
102
89
68
44
37
30
Number of Hyena
71
85
92
101
82
65
48
1.
What has happened to the population of Wildebeest? Explain the pattern.
2.
What has happened to the population of Hyena? Explain the pattern.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 4: Variation Within Species (1.3)
1.
How does variation in the individual members of a species contribute to the survival
of the entire species?
2.
Banded snails have thrived as a species because of variability. They are found in a
variety of colours, including brown and yellow. Explain how the colour of the shell
has allowed the species to be so successful. Be specific.
3.
A population of goats lives on a mountaintop. Half of the goats have an adaptation to
extreme cold, while the other half only have an adaptation to extreme cold. If there is
a sudden snowstorm, what will the next generation of goats likely to have an
adaptation for? Explain.
The table below refers to a section of rain forest in Africa that is slowly being turned into
desert. The main predator in the area is a population of vultures, birds that seek out food
based on sight and smell. Use the table to answer the next question.
4.
Year
% vegetation
# animals
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
94
93
95
83
72
64
57
49
35
24
134
140
138
125
111
97
85
77
63
59
# insects
& # worms
2387
2261
2543
2100
1893
1744
1682
1518
1365
1293
# vultures
34
37
33
37
41
45
44
46
42
38
Using the concept of natural selection, give an explanation for the change in the
populations of different creatures in the ecosystem.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 5: A Closer Look at Variation (2.1)
1.
Heritable traits are passed on genetically from parent to offspring. List three different
heritable characteristics in humans.
2.
Non-heritable traits are learned or acquired from the surrounding environment. List
three different non-heritable characteristics in humans.
3.
Explain the difference between discrete variation and continuous variation using one
example of each.
4.
Plants may possess genes for potentially large growth over time. Give two ways in
which the surrounding environment could limit the amount of plant growth.
5.
Classify the different types of traits listed in the table below. Determine if the traits
are heritable (H) or non-heritable (N). If a trait is heritable, determine if it is discrete
(D) or continuous (C).
Trait or Characteristic
Earlobe attachment
Tongue rolling
Playing piano
Body height
Playing soccer
Typing on a computer
Skin pigmentation
Car driving
Eye colour
Hair colour
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
H/N
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D/C
Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 6: Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (2.2)
1.
Label the diagram below of a flowering plant (11 labels):
2.
What is the difference between pollination and cross-pollination?
3.
What has to happen for landing pollen to result in fertilization or cross-fertilization?
4.
Complete the following table:
Flower Part
anther
pollen
Purpose
contains the female gametes
transfers pollen to stigma
Location
ovary
stamen
5.
When a female gamete is combined with a male gamete, what is formed?
6.
What is the product of cleavage?
7.
Sexual reproduction relies on what two types of cells to combine together?
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 7: Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (2.2)
1.
Bacteria and amoeba use what type of process to reproduce?
2.
Vegetative reproduction does not use seeds. List at least two things that vegetative
reproduction uses to copy itself.
3.
A spore is a genetic copy of a parent cell, but it resembles a seed. Is spore production
sexual or asexual reproduction? Explain.
4.
List at least one disadvantage each for asexual and sexual reproduction.
5.
List at least one advantage each for asexual and sexual reproduction.
6.
Explain how the Aphid can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
7.
Make a Venn diagram to illustrate the differences between asexual and sexual
reproduction. Include at least two differences each, and a total of three similarities.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 8: DNA – Transmitter of Genetic Code (3.1)
1.
Name the four genetic molecule bases.
2.
Place the terms Chromosome, Gene and DNA into their correct locations in the
diagram below:
3.
Define Genetic Code, using your own words. Credit will not be given for a textbook
or note definition.
4.
Describe two benefits of chromosomes for human beings.
5.
From the research on the fruit fly, what were two of the conclusions made?
6.
Alleles are possible forms (or flavours) of a given gene. How many alleles of each
gene are found in a chromosome?
7.
Two humans with curly hair produce a daughter with straight hair. Using the concept
of an allele, explain what may cause this.
8.
How could chromosomes be involved in the inheritance of a disease such as Cystic
Fibrosis?
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 9: Cell Division (3.2)
1.
Fill in the following table:
number of chromosomes per
cell at beginning (example)
number of cells at beginning
type of cell at beginning
number of cell divisions
number of times
chromosomes double
number of chromosomes
per cell at end (example)
number of cells at end
type of cell at end
Mitosis
Meiosis
2
2
1
body cell
1
2
1
gamete
2.
Compare the purposes of mitosis and meiosis.
3.
Most single-celled life uses binary fission to reproduce (asexually). Multicellular
organisms use mitosis to produce more body cells (asexually). How is meiosis
considered a part of sexual reproduction?
4.
During mitosis or meiosis, what happens to the original cell?
5.
Each human body cell contains 46 chromosomes arranged into 23 pairs. Two human
parents are needed to produce a child. Why don’t human children have body cells
with 92 chromosomes arranged into 46 pairs? Explain.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 10: Patterns of Inheritance (3.3)
1.
Cats can be purebred or hybrid for black coat colour. What is the genetic difference
between purebred and hybrid? Use the term allele in your explanation.
The diagram below refers to the cross of two black cats, to produce four kittens. Use the
diagram to answer the next three questions.
#1
B
#3
Black
B
B
#2
Black
B
Black
B
#4
Black
B
#5
B
Black
B
W
W
#6
Black
B
W
2.
Which of the parents is hybrid and which is purebred for black coat colour?
3.
Which of the parents exhibits dominant coat colour?
4.
Imagine that you cross cat #6 with a purebred white cat. How many of the four kittens
would be black and how many would be white? Use the diagram below if necessary.
W
W
B
W
5.
What pattern of inheritance do we see in the white coat colour of cats?
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 11: Patterns of Inheritance (3.3)
1.
The diagram below refers to the cross of two parent cats, one black and one white. Fill
in the alleles. Use “B” for the black colour allele, and “W” for the white colour allele.
Black
White
W
White
2.
Black
Black
Black
The diagram refers to the cross of two black cats. Predict the alleles of the offspring.
Black
B
3.
Black
W
B
W
The diagram below refers to the cross of a white snapdragon flower with a red
snapdragon flower. Fill in the alleles of the offspring. Use “R” for red alleles, and
“W” for white alleles.
White
W
Red
W
Pink
4.
W
R
Pink
Pink
R
Pink
What pattern of inheritance do we see in question #3?
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 12: Reduction of Biological Diversity (4.1)
1.
What is the key difference between extinction and extirpation?
2.
Name two plant species that are being threatened.
3.
Name two species that are now endangered.
4.
Name two species that are already extinct.
5.
Name one extirpated species, where it was extirpated, and what caused it.
6.
Identify three natural causes of extinctions and extirpations.
7.
The Giant Panda is endangered because it is an overspecialized species. Explain why
the Panda is overspecialized.
8.
Offer one example of humans introducing a non-native species into an ecosystem,
causing extirpation.
9.
Explain how farming can cause habitat destruction, resulting in extinction or
extirpation of a species.
10.
Describe one situation where a species became extinct due to a natural change in
environment.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 13: Selecting Desirable Traits (4.2)
1.
Make a Venn diagram to compare and contrast natural selection with artificial
selection. Include at least one difference for each, and a total of two similarities.
2.
Describe two advantages of artificial selection.
3.
Sperm is extracted from a male Koala bear, and then implanted directly into a female
Koala. What type of biotechnology is this?
4.
A biochemist removes cells from a full-grown Evergreen tree, and uses them to
produce an identical tree in a laboratory. What type of biotechnology is this?
5.
Genes from Trout fish are extracted and spliced into the chromosomes of corn. The
corn plants are now resistant to cold temperatures. What type of biotechnology is this?
6.
Sperm is removed from a bull and combined with egg cells in a Petri dish. The cells
unite to form a zygote, and eventually an embryo. What type of biotechnology is this?
7.
Complete the following table:
Plant Biotechnology
Animal Biotechnology
Two risks
Two
advantages
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
Worksheet 14: Reducing Our Impact on Biological Diversity (4.3)
1.
Why is it important to control the spread of exotic plant and animal species?
2.
Complete the following table:
In-situ conservation
Ex-situ conservation
Location
Role of
humans
Two
example
strategies
3.
Describe an example of an organization that is committed to conserving endangered
or threatened species. Include details on land use.
4.
A seed bank was recently constructed in the Arctic circle. Explain how seed banks
may be used to save or restore a species.
Science 9 – Biological Diversity – Workbook
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Mr. J. Dulku
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Biological Diversity
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