Download lpn-student-notes-2-23-09-(peds-cardio)(medsurge-vascular).

PEDS CH 25 2-23-09 (CARDIO)
AVA- stands for two arteries and one vein
-the veins carry blood to the uterus and baby and the arteries carry deoxygenated blood away
from the baby
DUCTUS MINOSUS- A vein that by passes to the liver on its way to the baby
FORAMEN OVALE- between the septum of the heart (it closes when the baby is born)
BLOOD FLOWBlood travels to the babies heart by the vein, some blood toes to the fetal liver and the rest goes into the
babies heart through the Right atrium then to the forum ovale to the Left atrium town to the L ventricle.
From the Left ventricle it goes back up through the superior vena cava and it’s carried away from the
babies heart through the 2 arteris
-the right side of the heart has increased pressure compared to the left
Indomethicin- a NSAIDS that closes PDA’s (patent ductus arteriosis)
CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS:
PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
OBSTRUCTED BLOOD FLOW
Coartation of the aorta
Pulmonic stenosis
Aortic stenosis
DECREASED BLOOD FLOW
Tetralogoy of fallot
Tricuspid atrosia
MIXED DEFECTS
Hypoplastic left heart
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT- oxygenated blood circulated through the lungs because the forum ovale has
not closed completely after birth and blood seeps out from the left atrium to go to the Right atrium into
right ventricle. This effect causes a mixture of deoxygenated blood and oxygenated blood.
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT- the blood from the left ventricle goes to the right ventricle and mixes
causing oxygenated blood to go into the lungs
COMPLICATION- left ventricle will have increased pressure causing the deoxygenated blood to
flow back into the right ventricle. This is seen as cyanosis in babies
PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSIS- blood from the aorta goes to the pulmonary arteries. Oxygenated blood
goes into the lungs. Symptoms is seen as dyspnea.
COARTATION OF THE AORTA- the point where the aorta descends has a stricture. Is seen in the body
when there is a lower B/P in the arms and the legs have a higher B/P.
(classic test question: femoral pulses are checked as a screening for Coartation of the aorta)
TETRAOLOGY OF FALLOT- blood increases in the right ventricle and flows over into the aorta
DEXTROPPOSTIONG- also called overuritirs.
TET SPELL- pulmonary system has a spasm and the child becomes cyanosis.
(classic test question: in a tet spell the child is put in a squatting position and the infant is put in a
knee/chest position over your shoulder)
MEDSURGE- 2-23-09 VASCULAR
-cholesterol causes blockage and clots
Sclerorsis- hardening and los of elasticity of arterial walls
Venastatis- a would that has a seepy drainage
Venous insufficiencies- legs start turning brown from the internal seeping blood between the spaces.
Discoloration is seen around the ankles. Some edema is present, and cyanosis is also seen.
Induration- a raised area on the skin such as seen with a TB test.
DVT- can be caused by bedrest of a couple of weeks
ARTHERIOSCLEROSIS- thickening plaque on inside of walls, reducing amount of blood going through
ASPIRIN THERAPY- 81 mg /day
THROMBOPHLEBITIS- inflammation of the skin distal to a blockage. Thrombus will have an increase in
temperature.
LYMPH DISORDERS- caused by streptoccus
Lymph edema- don’t do blood pressures o IV’s in this area
PERIPHERAL IV- should be removed after 3 days unless the doctor order’s otherwise
MIDLINE- IV doesn’t always go to the heart. Can stay in until it goes bad
PICC LINE- IV connected to inferior or superior vena cava. Can be used forever if kept well. Tubes may
have designated ports.
DISCLAIMER: THESE ARE STUDENT NOTES TAKEN OF LECTURE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN
CLASS AND IS NOT AN OFFICIAL DOCUMENT FROM THE INSTRUCTORS OR THE FACULTY OF
RTC. THE INFORMATION PRESENTED MAY NOT BE 100% COMPLETE OF WHAT WAS LECTURED
IN CLASS AND SHOULD NOT BE USED AS AN ONLY SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR ANY TESTS,
QUIZ, OR FINAL EXAMS.