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Cell Membrane Transport Notes
How cells exchange materials
1) Selectively permeable - The cell membrane _________ what goes in and out of the cell
2) Passive transport – occurs _____________ extra energy supplied. Moves with the
concentration gradient flow
3) Active transport –– Requires __________. Energy source is ______
Often uses membrane transport proteins
4) Diffusion = ______________– movement of materials from an area of ______
concentration to an area of _____concentration.
Draw in particles
5) Diffusion across membrane - Can occur across a _______________ going from high to
low concentration
Diffusion is Passive transport
X X X
X
X X X
X
X X X X
X
X
XXX
Net Flow
6) Concentration gradient – the _____________ between the area of ____ and ___
concentration
Diffusion occurs in __________ Directions. _______flow – The overall direction of diffusion
7) Net Flow - Note that particles can go _______ ways through a membrane, but _______ go
in the direction of the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached.
8) Membrane Permeable materials
YES  ___________ molecules can pass through membrane by diffusion, even if they are polar
Ex. Water, oxygen
 NON ________________ Large molecules Ex. Fats
NO  Large polar molecules CAN NOT pass through membrane and must use active transport or a
protein channel Ex. Carbohydrates, proteins and ions (sodium Na+)
9) Osmosis – Diffusion of _____________ through a membrane to maintain ______________
Osmosis is Passive transport
10)
Isotonic solution – Solute levels on both sides of cell membrane are the _________
Iso = same
Cell and solution are at _________________.
11)
Hypertonic solution – Solution has _____ solute than inside cell. Water moves ____
to balance. Hyper = above
12)
Hypotonic solution – Solution has ______ solute than inside cell. Water moves __
to balance Hypo = below
13)
Animal cells
14) Plant cells - Hypotonic is ____ for plant cells.
Hypotonic is bad for animal cells.
Turgor pressure – gains water. __________ plant structure
Cells can burst (lysis)
Plasmolysis – loses water, membrane and cytoplasm ______
15) Molarity- The amount of molecules in one liter of water
1 mole = ___________________________ molecules per liter
1.0 M = molarity of 1 mole of molecules
16) Isotonic solutions have the same ______________ as inside the cell. There will be no net
movement of water in or out of the cell
Solution and cell are in ____________________
17) Graphing concentration. Draw in best fit line below
What is the concentration of isotonic solution below ____________
18) Facilitated diffusion – Diffusion of Large molecules or polar molecules (hydrophilic) that
won’t go through membrane. Channel ___________ help with diffusion. No __________ required
19) Active transport– Uses ___________ to transport substances using a membrane protein as
a pump going against a concentration gradient. ______ to high
20) Bulk Transport – Moving _______ molecules or many molecules at once through the
membrane. Uses membrane surrounded _________. It is active transport and uses _________
A) Endocytosis – _____/______. (enter) A cell folds around a __________ to bring it in.
Two types
Ex. Amoeba
 Pinocytosis = ________ or small molecules
 Phagocytosis = ___________ molecules
B) Exocytosis – ______/________ (exit) Removal of large waste molecules or ________
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