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Body Hydraulics
Hydraulic systems use liquids to transfer a force through
the liquid so as to move something at the other end.
Our Circulatory System is a hydraulic system that moves
blood (liquid) through the heart (pump) to arteries, veins
and capillaries (pipelines) to all parts of the body.
Blood is kept under pressure so that it can reach the most
distant parts of the body (i.e. feet, hands) and still return to
the heart.
Blood pressure increases and decreases between heart
beats. When the heart contracts, there is a surge or
increase in pressure. Next, the pressure falls or decreases
before the next heartbeat. Then it increases when the heart
contracts once again.
Blood Pressure is highest nearest the heart and lowest
farthest from the heart (feet, hands).
Systolic refers to maximum blood pressure.
Diastolic refers to minimum blood pressure.
Normal Blood Pressure is
Systolic/max pressure = 120
Diastolic/min pressure 70
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Hydraulics
Hydraulic Systems push, pull, lift, pry apart, ram or
cut. They exert more force than a single person.
Many fluids must travel long distances from their
source to their end point (water, oil, natural gas).
A)
Traveling liquids must be under pressure in order
to keep moving. If a fluid (liquid) can’t keep up the
pressure as it moves along, pumping stations along
the way are used to restore lost pressure. (Pressure
decreases as liquid particles bump into the walls,
travel uphill and around bends).
B)
Inside surfaces affect fluid pressure. From time
to time, sections of pipelines have to be shut down to
clean inside surfaces. This results in reduced friction,
thereby reducing the loss of pressure.
C)
Because fluids (liquids) exert pressure in all
directions, there must be valves installed to keep the
fluid moving in one direction only. Therefore, as the
fluid passes, valves are closed to halt any change of
direction.
Read p. 179
View Figures 6.11A
611B
D)
Valves control the direction of liquids
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