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Transcript
Terminal velocity Skydivers cannot accelerate forever. They accelerate until they reach a final velocity called a terminal velocity. In this lesson you will investigate the factors that affect terminal velocity. You will then explain how a car reaches its terminal velocity in a similar but slightly different way. 1. Draw the skydiver just after start of the dive and label the forces acting on the skydiver. a) Which force is greater at the start of the dive? …………………………………………………………………… b) In which direction is the resultant force? …………………… c) What happens to the velocity of the skydiver? …………………………………………………………………… d) What happens to the air resistance as the skydiver accelerates? …………………………………………………………………… 2. Draw the skydiver to show the forces when the skydiver is falling at a constant (terminal) velocity. a) Describe the forces when the skydiver falls at a constant velocity ……………………………………………………………………… b) What can you say about the resultant force now? ……………………………………………………………………… c) What can the skydiver do to go faster? ……………………………………………………………………… d) How does this make the skydiver go faster? ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… 17 3. Draw the skydiver to show the forces when the skydiver opens their parachute. a) Describe the forces when the skydiver opens their parachute ……………………………………………………………………… b) What happens to the skydiver’s velocity? ……………………………………………………………………… c) In which direction is the resultant force now? ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… 4. After a while, the skydiver reaches a constant (terminal) velocity again. Draw the skydiver to show the forces acting on the skydiver now. a) Describe the forces when the skydiver falls at a constant velocity ……………………………………………………………………… b) Why has the air resistance decreased? ………………………………………………………………………. c) What can you say about the resultant force now? ……………………………………………………………………… d) How is the terminal velocity of the skydiver different to the terminal velocity in question 2? ……………………………………………………………………… 5. Use your answers to questions 1 and 2 to explain how a skydiver reaches a terminal velocity. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Draw 3 diagrams to show the forces acting on a bicycle as it a) Accelerates b) Travels at a constant velocity c) Decelerates 7. Explain how the bicycle reaches its top speed (terminal velocity). Refer to the forces acting on the bicycle and why it cannot go any faster. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. Describe how a bicycle reaching a terminal velocity is slightly different to a skydiver reaching a terminal velocity. Think about the weight of the skydiver and the forward force of the bicycle. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19
