Download HBS Lesson 19

HBS Lesson 20 - 21
Bones – support and protect your body, born with 270 bones in
your body but as you age the bones fuse together into 206 bones,
fuse together by cartilage which turns into bone = ossification
(growth plates- active area where ossification happens)
*106 of the 206 are located in your wrist, hands, ankles and feet
Cartilage – found at the ends of bone usually where bones come
together
- Flexible, slippery tissue which protects & cushions
bones at the joints
- Found- tip of nose & external ears
2 major functions of cartilage:
1. cushions bones that could rub together
2. allows bones to slide across their surfaces without rubbing
against each other
Tendons – connect muscles to bones
Ligaments – connect bone to bone
Muscles – primary function is to allow movement
3 types of muscle:
1. Cardiac- found in heart, never tires
2. Skeletal- muscles attached to skeletal system, i.e. biceps,
pectoral… these tire the fastest of the 3 types
3. Smooth- tire but not as quickly as skeletal, found in
organs, mostly in digestive tract (peristalsis)
Involuntary and Voluntary –
*voluntary means you control the muscle (walking, moving arms),
*involuntary means it happens by itself, you have no control (heart
beating)
Muscle Fatigue - when there is not enough oxygen and nutrients
to muscles and the muscles tire out
Lactic Acid- used by body to supply energy, body converts
glycogen and glucose into lactic acid
Anaerobic- without Oxygen
Aerobic- with Oxygen
Strain- when a muscle or tendon are injured
Sprain- when a ligament is injured