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Standard #: SC.912.P.8.6 This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org Distinguish between bonding forces holding compounds together and other attractive forces, including hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. Subject Area: Science Grade: 912 Body of Knowledge: Physical Science Standard: Matter A. A working definition of matter is that it takes up space, has mass, and has measurable properties. Matter is comprised of atomic, subatomic, and elementary particles. B. Electrons are key to defining chemical and some physical properties, reactivity, and molecular structures. Repeating (periodic) patterns of physical and chemical properties occur among elements that define groups of elements with similar properties. The periodic table displays the repeating patterns, which are related to the atom's outermost electrons. Atoms bond with each other to form compounds. C. In a chemical reaction, one or more reactants are transformed into one or more new products. Many factors shape the nature of products and the rates of reaction. D. Carbon-based compounds are building-blocks of known life forms on earth and numerous useful natural and synthetic products. Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08 Content Complexity Rating: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts - More Information Date of Last Rating: 05/08 Status: State Board Approved Remarks/Examples Describe how atoms combine to form molecules through ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonding. Compare and contrast the characteristics of the interactions between atoms in ionic and covalent compounds and how these bonds form. Use electronegativity to explain the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds. Related Courses Course Number 2003340: 2003350: 2002420: 2002430: 7920011: 2002425: 2003345: 2003800: Course Title Chemistry 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Chemistry 1 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Integrated Science 2 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Integrated Science 2 Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Access Chemistry 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Integrated Science 2 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Chemistry 1 for Credit Recovery (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Chemistry 1-Preinternational Baccalaureate (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Related Access Points Independent Access Point Number SC.912.P.8.In.5 Access Point Title Identify that compounds are made of two or more elements. Supported Access Point Number SC.912.P.8.Su.5 Participatory Access Point Title Recognize examples of common compounds, such as water and salt. Access Point Number SC.912.P.8.Pa.4 Access Point Title Match common compounds to their names or communication symbols. Related Resources Lesson Plan Name A Bright Idea Ionic Bonding Mates I-on-it (Ionic) or not? To Friend or Not Friend Description Students will look for a correlation between pH and conductivity. They will also compare ionic, molecular, and solids for conductivity. The procedure provided above is a guided, step-by-step presentation. Remove steps to achieve the level of inquiry desired for your class. This activity addresses the part of the standard that focuses on only one type of bonding, ionic bonding. In this engaging activity, students will find several bonding mates. Students will use their knowledge of ions to practice writing formulas for ionic compounds. Students will collaborate with their peers as they look to make bonds. Students will complete the table and discuss how to name the ionic compounds. Students will complete this activity with a greater understanding of the formation of ionic bonds. In this physically engaging activity students will debate with their peers whether a randomly drawn statement/diagram/compound name or formula applies to ionic bonds, covalent bonds or both types of bonds. Then sort themselves throughout the room accordingly. Peer support and collaboration are encouraged while the teacher facilitates proper placement. Activity concludes with a T chart graphic organizer and a writing assignment where students personify the bond types. The in this activity on chemical bonding, students will mimic Facebook, choosing "friends" based on their oxidation number. When the oxidation numbers of two or more elements equal zero, a stable bond has been formed. The purpose of this activity is for students to understand the rules for which elements bond to make compounds. Perspectives Video: Professional/Enthusiast Name Description A Moment on Dipole-Dipole Learn how molecules have the potential to be polar, but not all Forces are. Virtual Manipulative Name Description In this simulation, explore the interactions between various combinations of two atoms. Specific features of the simulation allows you to see either the total force acting on the atoms or the individual attractive and repulsive forces. Options for learning: Atomic Interactions Explain how attractive and repulsive forces govern the interaction between atoms. Describe the effect of potential well depth on atomic interactions. Describe the process of bonding between atoms in terms of energy. Tutorial Name Atoms and Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Force Water Description This tutorial will help the learner understand the relationship between atoms, their electrons, and the chemical bonds they can form. A hydrogen bond is the electromagnetic attractive interaction between polar molecules in which hydrogen is bound to a highly electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. This tutorial will help the learner understand how hydrogen bonds form between the molecules. This tutorial will help the learners to understand the molecular structure of the water molecule, its inter- and intra-molecular bonds, and the formation of hydroxide ions. Text Resource Name Demystifying Gross Stuff Description This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. From pimples to bad breath to passing gas, this article clears up the science behind some of the gross things our bodies do—acne, bad breath, and flatulence—in an attempt to make the gross seem a little less so. This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. Silly cat videos are all the rage on the Internet, but cleaning up after them can be a stinky chore! In this article, students will delve into the history of kitty litter and the chemistry behind getting rid of the stink. Kitty Litter Chem WebQuest Name Intermolecular Forces: A Jigsaw Activity Description This jigsaw activity is designed as a cooperative learning activity used to introduce the idea of intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces are the types of attractive forces that occur between molecules in a solid, liquid, or gas. Each force causes different physical properties of matter. Each member of the group will become an expert on one type of force and then teach the rest of the group. Video/Audio/Animation Name Shapes of Molecules Description Differentiate between electron pair and molecular geometry Learn how to name electron pair and molecular geometries for molecules with up to six electron groups around the central atom Illustrate how electron pair repulsion affects bond angles Student Resources Name Description A Moment on DipoleLearn how molecules have the potential to be polar, but not all are. Dipole Forces In this simulation, explore the interactions between various combinations of two atoms. Specific features of the simulation allows you to see either the total force acting on the atoms or the individual Atomic Interactions attractive and repulsive forces. Options for learning: Atoms and Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Force Shapes of Molecules Water Explain how attractive and repulsive forces govern the interaction between atoms. Describe the effect of potential well depth on atomic interactions. Describe the process of bonding between atoms in terms of energy. This tutorial will help the learner understand the relationship between atoms, their electrons, and the chemical bonds they can form. A hydrogen bond is the electromagnetic attractive interaction between polar molecules in which hydrogen is bound to a highly electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. This tutorial will help the learner understand how hydrogen bonds form between the molecules. Differentiate between electron pair and molecular geometry Learn how to name electron pair and molecular geometries for molecules with up to six electron groups around the central atom Illustrate how electron pair repulsion affects bond angles This tutorial will help the learners to understand the molecular structure of the water molecule, its inter- and intra-molecular bonds, and the formation of hydroxide ions. Parent Resources Name Description A Moment on DipoleLearn how molecules have the potential to be polar, but not all are. Dipole Forces In this simulation, explore the interactions between various combinations of two atoms. Specific features of the simulation allows you to see either the total force acting on the atoms or the individual attractive and repulsive forces. Options for learning: Atomic Interactions Shapes of Molecules Explain how attractive and repulsive forces govern the interaction between atoms. Describe the effect of potential well depth on atomic interactions. Describe the process of bonding between atoms in terms of energy. Differentiate between electron pair and molecular geometry Water Learn how to name electron pair and molecular geometries for molecules with up to six electron groups around the central atom Illustrate how electron pair repulsion affects bond angles This tutorial will help the learners to understand the molecular structure of the water molecule, its inter- and intra-molecular bonds, and the formation of hydroxide ions.