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1ºBACH . INDIRECT SPEECH /REPORTED SPEECH
When we report people´s words we can give the exact words that were said . This structure is
called “ direct speech”
He said,” I want to go home” DIRECT SPEECH
We can also make somebody´s words or thoughts part of our sentence ,using
conjunctions,changing pronouns and tenses .This structure is called “indirect /reported speech”
He said that he wanted to go home INDIRECT SPEECH
1.STATEMENTS
a.TENSE CHANGES
DIRECT SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
Present simple
past simple
“I want to eat”,he said
He said he…………….
Past simple
Past perfect
“He broke a leg”, they said
They said that…………..
Future simple (will)
Conditional (would)
“I will be there” ,he said
He said that ………………
Present continuous
Past continuous
“She is working as a nurse”, he said He said…………………
Present perfect
Past perfect
“They have found it”,he said
Present Perfect Continuous
“He has been working all day”
Past Perfect Simple
He said that they ………
Past Perfect Continuous
They said that………
Past Perfect Simple
“ They had worked there”
She said that they……………
MODALS
CAN
“ I can swim”,he said
MUST/HAVE TO
COULD
He said that he………..
HAD TO
“She must work”,they said
They said that …………
MAY
MIGHT
“It may rain on Friday”,he said
He said that it……….
COULD /MIGHT
COULD/ MIGHT
“ He might come with us”
He said that …………
b. CHANGES IN OTHER WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
DIRECT SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
Now
then
Today
that day
Tonight
that night
Yesterday
the previous day/the day before
Last week
the previous week/the week before
A month ago
the previous month/ the month before
Tomorrow
the following day/ the next day
Next week
the following week /the week after
Here
there
This
that
These
those
Write each sentence in reported speech.
1. “I´m so tired now”
John said that………………………………………………………
2. “I´m leaving school early tomorrow”
I announced that ……………………………………..
3. “You will regret this decision”
My friends said that…………………………………
4. “Objects weigh much less on the Moon”
The science teacher explained that….……………………
5. “ He left home yesterday”
My friend said that………………………………………
REPORTED SPEECH
2.QUESTIONS
· Tenses, pronouns, possessive adjectives, adverbs of time change as in
statements.
· Question marks are omitted
. The introductory verb say must be changed to a verb of inquiry: ask, inquire, want to
know,wonder,etc.
·Ask can be followed by the person addressed (He asked me/him /them….)
·The question words are repeated in indirect questions
a. Yes-no questions:
We begin the reported question with the words whether or if
Direct speech
“Do you know Bill?” he said
Indirect speech
He asked me if /whether I knew Bill
b. Wh- questions
Direct speech
He said, “Where does she live?”:
Indirect speech
He asked where she lived .
Direct speech
He asked, “Where is the station?”
Indirect speech
He asked where the station was.
Questions
- Exercise 1
Complete the sentences in reported speech
1."Where is my umbrella?" she asked.
She asked………………………………………………….
2."How are you?" Martin asked us.
Martin asked………………………………..
3. .He asked, "Do I have to do it?"
He asked………………………………………………..
4. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.
The mother asked her daughter……………………………
5."Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend.
She asked her boyfriend…………………………………
6."What are they doing?" she asked.
She wanted to know…………………………………………
7."Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me.
He wanted to know…………………………………………
8.The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"
The teacher asked …………………………………….
9."How do you know that?" she asked me.
She asked me ……………………………………………….
10"Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me.
My friend asked me……………………………………
11."What's the time?" he asked.
He wanted to know………………………………………
12."When will we meet again?" she asked me.
She asked me………………………………………..
13."Are you crazy?" she asked him.
She asked him…………………………………………
14. "Where did they live?" he asked
He wanted to know……………………………….
15. "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the
twins.
The mother asked the twins………………………….
16."Will you be at the party?" he asked her.
He asked her……………………………………………………..
3. ORDERS/COMMANDS
Direct speech
speech
(imperative)
infinitive)
Reported
(object +
“Be quiet” ,the teacher told them
them to be quiet
The teacher told
“Don´t move” the police ordered him
ordered him not to move
The police
Introductory verbs:tell,order ( say is not possible)
Requests(peticións) advice,invitations and
warnings(advertencias) are also reported by using an
infinitive.(say is not possible)
Introductory verbs : ,ask(pedir) invite,advise,warn
(advertir)
“Please, don´t shout”
(request)
He asked me not to shout
Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1.She said, "Go upstairs."
She told me………………………………………..
2."Close the door behind you," he told me.
He told me …………………………………………
3."Don't be late," he advised us.
He advised us …………………………………….
4."Stop staring at me," she said.
She told him ……………………………………..
5."Don't be angry with me," he said.
He asked her ……………………………………
6."Leave me alone," she said.
She told me …………………………………………
7."Don't drink and drive," she warned us.
She warned us ……………………………………
8."John, stop smoking," she said.
She told John …………………………………..
9."Don't worry about us," they said.
They told her ……………………………………….
10."Meet me at the cinema." he said.
He asked me ……………………………………….
11."Be patient," she said to him.
She told him ………………………………………
12."Go to your room," her father said to her.
Her father told her …………………………………..
13."Hurry up," she said to us.
She told us ……………………………………………
15."Give me the key," he told her.
He asked her ……………………………………………
16."Play it again, Sam," she said.
She asked Sam ……………………………………….
17."Sit down, Carol" he said.
He asked Carol ………………………………
18."Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said.
The receptionist asked the guest
……………………………………..
19."Take off your shoes," she told us.
She told us
……………………………………………………………
20."Mind your own business," she told him.
She told him
…………………………………………………………..
4.SUGGESTIONS
Direct speech
“Let´s go out” ,he said
Reported speech
He suggested going out
He suggested that we go
out
“Why don´t we go out”
He suggested going out
He suggested that we go
out
Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1.He said, “Let´s leave the case at the station:
He suggested …………………………………………….
…………………………………………………
2.He said, “Let´s stop now and finish it later”:
He suggested ………………………………………………….
………………………………………………….
3.”Let´s not argue again”, he said
He suggested………………………………………………
…………………………………………………
4. “Why don´t we go to John´s house?”Mike suggested
Mike suggested………………………………………………
………………………………………………