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Transcript
Самостоятельная работа. Variant 1. Antibiotics: When They Can and Can't Help Antibiotics are strong medicines used to treat infections, including life-threatening contagious diseases. But antibiotics can cause more harm than good when they aren't used the right way. You can protect yourself and your family by knowing when you should use antibiotics and when you should not. Antibiotics only work against infections caused by bacteria, fungi and certain parasites. They don't work against any infections caused by viruses. Viruses cause colds, the flu and most coughs and sore throats. If you have these diseases, taking antibiotics may do more harm than good. Each time you take antibiotics, you increase the chances that bacteria in your body will be able to resist them. Later, you could get or spread an infection that those antibiotics cannot cure. “Antibiotic resistance” and “bacterial resistance” are two ways of describing the same thing. Usually, antibiotics kill bacteria or stop them from growing. However, some bacteria have become resistant to some types of antibiotics. This means that the antibiotics no longer work against them. Bacteria become resistant more quickly when antibiotics are used too often or are not used correctly (such as not taking a full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor). Bacteria that are resistant to one antibiotic can sometimes be treated with other antibiotics. These other medicines have to be given intravenously (through a vein) in a hospital. A few kinds of bacteria are resistant to all antibiotics and are now untreatable. MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) is a type of bacteria that’s resistant to all known antibiotics. Therefore it’s important to use antibiotics appropriately and to take the medication exactly as directed: Take all doses of the antibiotic, even if the infection is getting better. Don’t stop taking the antibiotic unless your doctor tells you to stop. Don’t share antibiotics with others. Don’t save unfinished antibiotics for another time. Never take antibiotics without a prescription. Used properly, antibiotics can save lives. They either kill bacteria or keep them from reproducing. The Tasks: I. Выпишите транскрипцию новых слов. Отработайте чтение слов. Vocabulary: 1. contagious 2. antibiotic 3. harm 4. infections 5. bacteria 6. fungi 7. parasites 8. viruses 9. to resist 10. resistance 11. growing 12. correctly 13. untreatable 14. MRSA 15. appropriately 16. to direct 17. dose 1. заразный 2. антибиотик 3.вред 4. инфекции (инфекционные заболевания) 5. бактерии 6. грибок 7. паразиты 8. вирусы 9. сопротивляться, быть устойчивым 10. устойчивость 11. рост 12. правильно 13. неизлечимый 15. стафилококк 16. должным образом 17. указывать, назначать 18. доза 1 18. to share 19. save 20. a prescription 19. делиться, давать 20. безопасный 21. рецепт II. Translate useful expressions. Переведите полезные выражения: 1. life-threatening 2. to get worse 3. to get better 4. antibiotic resistance 5. bacterial resistance III. Переведите предложения, содержащие модальные глаголы: 1. Antibiotics can cause more harm than good when they aren't used the right way. 2. Each time you take antibiotics, you increase the chances that bacteria in your body will be able to resist them. 3. Later, you could get or spread an infection that those antibiotics cannot cure. 4. Bacteria that are resistant to one antibiotic can sometimes be treated with other antibiotics. II. Answer the questions. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту: 1. What are antibiotics? 2. Do antibiotics work against all infections? 3. Against what infections are antibiotics useless? 4. What do viruses course? 5. What is "antibiotic resistance?" 2