Download 212-MD Semester Final Study Guide Second Nine Weeks

Medical Detectives Test Review
1. A pathologist, a doctor who studies diseases, is researching the early data from an outbreak at a refugee
camp. She notices several interesting items:
- All medical personnel at the camp demonstrated symptoms within 10 days of the first case.
- 90 % of camp refugees demonstrated symptoms within 10 days of the first case.
- The camp has 5 refugee and 1 staff food kitchens with prepackaged, isolated food supplies.
- The healthy 10% are camped in the newest section which lacks piping, and must boil their water.
Which conclusion is a reasonable starting point for further investigation?
A. The doctors are getting infected from touching sick patients.
B. The water supply may be contaminated with the pathogen.
C. The staff food kitchen is distributing contaminated food.
D. The disease is being spread exclusively by contact with the medical personnel.
2. Which is most likely to slow or eliminate the transmission of the measles virus in a human population?
A. Quarantining infected individuals after they have begun presenting symptoms.
B. Instituting a widespread hand washing policy in the population where the virus was identified.
C. Vaccination of the population.
D. Maintaining a healthy diet and adequate exercise.
3. Describe the spread of a viral illness after vaccination is introduced.
A. After vaccination has been introduced the number of infected individuals will increase
because a harmless variant of a pathogen that stimulates a host’s immune system to mount
defenses against the pathogen.
B. After vaccination has been introduced the number infected individuals will decrease because a
pathogen has been introduced to stimulate the production of antibodies
C. After vaccination has been introduced the number of infected individuals will only increase
because a pathogen has been introduced causing more infected individuals
D. After vaccination has been introduced the number of infected individuals will decrease
because most of the infected individuals will die.
4.
Use the graphic above to help you diagnose the patient in this case study .
Ally is a 14-year-old girl who wants to be a professional chef. She is taking cooking classes at her local UK Extension
office. Yesterday after school, she prepared a meal of lemon pepper chicken with fresh tossed salad and rolls. She woke
up early this morning with violent abdominal cramps, a low grade fever (100° F), nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Which
pathogen is the most likely cause of her illness? Explain in detail how you determined this.
5. Which of the following describes how the human and sheep brains differ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The sheep brain frontal lobe is larger since they have to avoid predators more than humans.
The sheep brain frontal lobe is smaller since they don’t have the ability to plan and reason like humans do.
The sheep’s brain stem is more vertical than a human’s brain stem because sheep are quadrupeds.
The sheep’s occipital lobe is larger since their brains are more flattened than a human’s brain.
6. A victim was discovered in his car in the garage of his house at 11 pm on Tuesday, October 11th, 2016. His body
temperature when he was discovered was 76°F. Using the equation below, determine his time of death. Be sure to
show your work.
98.4 – measured rectal temperature(°F) = approximate hours since death
1.5
7. The murder victim from the question above was found upon autopsy to have a partially digested sausage and biscuit
in his stomach. Which conclusion does this most likely support?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The victim died around 8 am before breakfast.
The victim was murdered.
The victim died around 6 am after breakfast.
The victim died around 15 hours before he was discovered.
8. Marie is affected by a recessive genetic disorder. Which individual in this pedigree could represent her?
1
4
3
A. 1
B. 2
2
C. 3
D. 4
9. If a child is born affected by a recessive genetic disorder, what must be true about the parents of that child?
A.
B.
C.
D.
at least one parent must have the dominant allele for the disorder
at least one parent must be a carrier for the recessive allele for the disorder
both parents must have the disorder
both parents must at least be carriers for the disorder
10. What are some physical symptoms of Huntington’s disease?
11. How is HD inherited?
12. What causes HD? (Discuss gene and protein causes)
13. What is the typical age of onset of HD?
14. What is a DNA fingerprint? What lab technique is used to produce a DNA fingerprint?
15. Which suspect below is guilty? Explain how you know.
16.
17. What is the shape of DNA?
18. What is the importance of DNA extraction?
19. List some types of evidence that investigators use to determine a suspect guilty of a crime.
20. How can you protect yourself from contracting a viral disease such as the flu?
21. What are the four food safety steps? Briefly explain each one.
22. What is olfactory fatigue? Homeostasis?
23. What is the difference between Systolic Pressure and Diastolic blood pressure? Which is on the top and which is on
the bottom of your BP?
24. Label the heart in the picture below.
25. Describe the pathway that each sense below uses to get to and through the brain.
o
Sight
o
Hearing
o
Smell
o
Touch
o
Taste
26. How are smell and taste related but different?
27. How are sight and hearing related but different?
Use the diagram below to answer questions 28-31.
3
1
4
2
5
6
28. Consider the diagram above. Which labeled region is responsible for our higher mental functions such as planning,
reasoning, problem-solving, and speech?
29. Which labeled region is responsible for vision?
30. Which labeled region is responsible for voluntary muscular movements?
31. Which labeled region is responsible for vital life processes?