Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Review Sheet – Muscles 1. What % of the body weight is skeletal muscle? __________ what % is smooth / cardiac muscle? __________ 2. Fascia is connective tissue. List two of its functions in muscle. ____________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. How is a tendon formed? ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4. How does a tendon attach a muscle to a bone? ________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5. What is an aponeurosis and what is its function? ________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6. What is epimysium and where is it located? ____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 7. Where is the perimysium located and what is its function? ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 8. What are fascicles and what do they contain?___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 9. Define each of the following: A). muscle fiber _______________ B). sarcolemma ______ ___________________________ C). sarcoplasm _______________________________ D). endomysium __________________________________________________________ E). myofibrils _____________________________________________________________ F). actin & myosin filaments _________________________________________________ 10. Sarcoplasmic reticulum is similar to the ___________________________ found in other cells. What does it store and how does it function. _______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 11. Explain the structure of a myosin filament. _____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 12. Explain the structure of an actin filament. ______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 13A. What is the name of the contraction unit in a muscle fiber and what are its boundaries? _______________________________________________ B. Will a muscle fiber have more than one of these units? ____________ 19 14. What happens to the nerve once it reaches the muscle? _________________________ 15. What is the neuromuscular (myoneural) junction? _______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 16. What is a motor unit and how do the muscle fibers within the unit function? __________ ________________________________________________________________________ 17. Compare the contractions of a motor unit that contains 10 fibers, to the contractions of a motor unit that contains 200 fibers. ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 18. Do all muscles contract at the same rate of speed? ___________ 19. What is the difference between an isometric and an isotonic contraction? ____________ ________________________________________________________________________ 20. What is a motor end plate and where is it located? ______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 21. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter. Where is it stored and what causes its release? ________________________________________________________________________ 22. During the contraction of a muscle fiber: A. How is the muscle impulse created, where does it go and what is released? __________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain the function of Ca++ and tell why this is important. _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ C. What do the myosin filaments do to the actin filaments? __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ D. What enzyme breaks down acetylcholine and why is this important? ________________ ________________________________________________________________________ E. Why do the Ca++ return to the sarcoplasmic reticulum and why does the muscle relax when they return? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ F. What type of molecule provides the energy for contraction? ________________ 23. What is the difference between the origin and the insertion of a muscle? _____________ ________________________________________________________________________ 24. Name and give the functions of the four fiber patterns found in muscle. ______________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 25. What is tetanus and what causes the condition? ________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 20 21