Download Unit 7 Test Review

Plate Tectonics and Topography Review
Review and study all of your notes and graded assignments.
Study the following vocabulary:
1. Theory of plate tectonics- Theory that the Earth’s surface is made of large plates that
move around, cause changes in position of the continents and oceans, and result in
mountains, trenches, and volcanic rings
2. Convergent boundary- Created when tectonic plates collide with each other,
producing mountain ranges, hills, etc
3. Divergent boundary- created when tectonic plates move away from each other,
producing rifts, gaps, volcanic rings, etc.
4. Transform boundary- created when tectonic plates slide past each other caused by
zig zags between faults
5. Mid ocean ridge- Underwater mountain ranges where the crust is spreading creating
new ocean floor (divergent)
6. Trench- A deep depression of the sea floor caused by the subduction of one plate
under another (convergent)
7. Ring of Fire- An area where volcanoes are concentrated on the edges of continents,
along island chains or beneath the sea forming long mountain ranges- More than ½
of the world’s active volcanoes above sea level encircle the Pacific Ocean.
8. Topographic Map- maps that show the height, shape, etc., of the land in a particular
area
9. Contour lines- lines that connect points that are of the same elevation on a
topographic map
Also, study the following questions and answers:
7. Who was the scientist who proposed the Continental Drift Theory?
Alfred Wegener
8. What proofs did the scientist offer that proved his theory?
-puzzle fit of South America and Africa
-same fossil remains on some or all southern land masses
-similar rock structure on different continents
-tropical plant fossils found in Antarctica
9. Which two continents looked like they fit together like puzzle pieces?
South America and Africa
10. What causes the movement of the plates? Where does this occur?
Convection currents move the lithosphere and crust on top of the asthenosphere
11. Describe Pangaea and the rest of the world during its existence.
Pangaea was one large land mass that was surrounded by a single large ocean
12. List each of the landforms created by a convergent boundary.
Mountains on land (continental-continental), trenches (continental-oceanic), Ring
of Fire/Volcanoes (continental-oceanic)
13. List each of the landforms created by a divergent boundary.
Underwater mountain ranges, rift zones, underwater volcanoes (which eventually
cause islands), mid-ocean ridges
14. What are the plates made up of?
Crust and lithosphere
15. What do the plates move on?
The asthenosphere which is the upper layer of the mantle
16. Where would newly formed crust be found?
On the ocean floor next to divergent boundaries that have spread apart and
added lava to make new land
17. How are islands made?
They are created when a divergent boundary beneath the ocean spreads,
allowing magma to flow upward to the surface, which then adds enough new land
to the sea floor until it reaches the surface and continues to grow.
18. Explain the continued growth of the Himalayan Mountains.
The Himalayan Mountains are caused by the Indian and Eurasian plates collision
that are still moving toward each other today, causing them to continue to grow.
19. What natural disasters are created by tectonic plate movement?
Volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis (caused by earthquakes)
20. On a topographic map, how do you determine a steep slope?
The contour lines are closer together
21. On a topographic map, how do you determine a gently or low slope?
The contour lines are farther apart
22. On a topographic map, how do you determine the flow of a river?
The river flows in the opposite direction to the “V” that shows the riverRemember: rivers normally flow downhill
Use the following diagram to answer the questions below.
23. Looking at the Roman Numerals, where would the newest ocean floor be found?
III
24. Looking at the Roman Numerals, where would the oldest ocean floor be found?
II
25. Looking at the letters in the diagram above, where would you find a convergent
boundary?
A and D
26. Where would you find a divergent boundary?
C