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Chapter 20: Girding for War-The North and the South
Biographical Terms:
Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell
“Stonewall" Jackson
Charles Francis Adams
Robert E. Lee
Napoleon III
Maximilian
General Terms:
Tredegar Iron Works
Secession
New York draft riots
Fort Sumter
Border states
Trent affair
Morrill Tariff Act
conscription
Laird rams
C.S.S. Alabama
“shoddy" millionaires
greenbacks
"three-hundred-dollar" men
Suspension of Writ of Habeas Corpus
CHAPTER 20 QUESTIONS
1. In his inaugural address, who did Lincoln state would have to start any Civil War?
2. List 2 geographical features of the U.S. that made separation of the North and South nearly
impossible. (2 points)
3. List 2 issues that would have been next to impossible to resolve if the Union had split. (2
points)
4. Who would be delighted if the U.S, split into two or more parts?
5. What was the most important fort that the North had retained possession of after the secession
of the original Confederate States?
6. How did Lincoln propose to keep Fort Sumter in northern hands without angering South
Carolinians?
7. How did South Carolina respond to Lincoln's proposal?
8. In what way did Lincoln's strategy pay off?
9. How did Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee respond to Lincoln's call for
militiamen?
10.List 3 slave states that did not secede. (3 points)
11.Which state did Lincoln feel absolutely had to stay in the Union for the North to succeed?
12.Why did Lincoln publicly declare at the outset of the war that the issue of the war was
definitely NOT slavery?
13.What was the primary advantage of the South?
14.List 2 of the South's top officers. (2 points)
15.In spite of its tremendous farm production, why did the Southern soldiers often go hungry?
16.What was the South's greatest weakness?
17.List 4 advantages the North enjoyed. (4 points)
18.What percentage of Union troops were born in the U.S.?
19.What was the North's greatest disadvantage?
20.In what kind of war would the North's advantages prove too much for the South?
21.What have successful revolutions generally relied upon?
22.Which side did the European aristocracy support?
23.Which side did the working masses of Europe support?
24.Why did the South figure that Britain would ultimately come to its aid?
25.List 3 factors which torpedoed Southern calculations of British assistance. (3 points)
26.What proved to be more potent than King Cotton?
27.What did a Union warship remove from the Trent?
28.What was Lincoln's response to the British demand for the return of the Confederate
diplomats?
29.What did the Tredegar Iron Works manufacture for the Confederacy?
30.What percentage of U.S. manufacturing did the New England and Middle states combine for
in 1860?
31.What was the most destructive of the Confederate naval vessels?
32.What were the Laird rams designed to do?
33.How did the British government extricate itself from the Laird ram affair?
34.How did France take advantage of the American absorption in the Civil War?
35.What happened to Maximilian?
36.What was the fatal weakness of the Confederate Constitution?
37.How did Lincoln justify acting unconstitutionally at times?
38.List 3 of Lincoln's actions that were of dubious constitutionality. (3 points)
39.What was a "three-hundred-dollar man"?
40.Where did the worst of the draft riots occur?
41.In both the North and the South, who did draft laws favor?
42.What usually determined the value of "greenbacks"?
43.How was most of the money to finance the Northern war effort raised?
44.List 2 reasons the National Banking System was established? (2 points)
45.How did the South finance its war effort?
46.What was a "shoddy millionaire"?
47.List 2 inventions that saved manpower and allowed men to leave for the Northern frontlines.
(2 points)
48.What did Elizabeth Blackwell contribute to the Northern war effort?
49.What economic effect did the war have on the South?
50.What was the South rich in by 1865?