Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ch. 5. Terms and People
Transcript
Society and the State in China Class and Caste in India Bureaucrats Birth determined social status An Elite of Officials Little social mobility Unique Religious or cultural traditions defined Loyal to central state Caste as Varna Han Dynasty 200 B.C.E. Hazy origin of Caste system Emperor Wu Di’s imperial academy Light skinned Aryan invaders vs. darker-hued natives Confucian teachings Varnas Social Mobility in a hierarchical society Brahmins Tang Dynasty Kshatriya Examination system Vaisya Governmental Officials “Twice-born” The Landlord Class Sudras Qin Dynasty (210 B.C.E.) The body of Purusha Class of large landowners Untouchables Small scale peasant farmers Caste as Jati Han Dynasty Specialized occupations Wang Mang Jatis Nationalized Indian society quit different Scholar-gentry Notion of ritual purity and pollution Peasants Hindu notions of karma, dharma and rebirth Vast majority of population Impossible to raise social status Public Projects and Conscription The Functions of Caste Tenants or Sharecroppers Localization Periodic peasant rebellions Substitute for the state Yellow Turban Rebellion (184 C.E.) Means of accommodating “Great Peace” Facilitated exploitation of the poor Merchants Slavery: The Case of the Roman Empire Not a favorable reputation Domestication of animals Social threat War, patriarchy and the notion of private property Periodic efforts by state authorities Slavery and Civilization Buy land and sit for exams Social Death Backdoor relationships Slave systems varied considerably Second wave civilizations of Eurasia differ considerably A Changing Patriarchy: The Case of China China minor Han Dynasty more explicitly patriarchal India more restrained Yang/ Yin The Making of Roman Slavery Embedded in the workings of the Universe Immense role in the Western world Men go out, women stay in One third of the total population Three obediences Slaves by nature Ban Zhao (45- 116 C.E.) Roman slaves had been prisoners Subordinate as wife vs. Mother-in-Law Pirates Concubines Natural production Seclusion in the home Not identified with a particular racial or ethnic group Collapse of the Han in 3rd Century Barbarians Cultural influence of nomadic peoples Deeply embedded in the religious thinking and social outlook Tang Dynasty (618-907 C.E.) Military service Latifundia Manpower for the state bureaucracy Gladiators Necessity to provide necessities Character of the master Resistance and Rebellion Response to enslavements differed Weapons of the weak Fleeing Spartacus (73 B.C.E.) Comparing Patriarchies First Civilizations gender systems Women were often active agents in history Buddhist and Christian nuns Patriarchal equilibrium Urban-based civilizations Elite vs. lower-class women Weakening Patriarchy Empress Wu (r. 690-705 C.E.) Dao Contrasting Patriarchies: Athens and Sparta Variation Justification of exclusion of women Management of domestic affairs Aspasia and Perecles Hetaera Sparta differed Helots Come back with your shield…or on it. Reproduction Women were not secluded Spartan prohibition of homosexuality
