Download The Skeletal System There are 5 major functions of the Skeleton

The Skeletal System
There are 5 major functions of the Skeleton
1. Shape & Support
2. Movement
3. Protection
4. Blood Production
5. Storage
Bones → Broken up into simple terms
The Arm
-
The Hand
-
The Chest
-
The Foot
-
The Leg
-
Joints
Where bones meet they form JOINTS.
The movement of the skeleton is helped by joints.
Joints are moved by muscles and bones. These are attached by LIGAMENTS
and TENDONS.
LIGAMENTS _________________________
TENDONS ___________________________
There are THREE kinds of joints:
____________ (non-moving e.g ______ )
________________ (limited movement e.g______________ )
____________ (a range of movements are available)
Synovial Joints
These are freely movable joints. The only limitation in range of movement is
as a result of bone shape at the joint, and ligaments
Features of a synovial joint include:
Synovial fluid – __________ the joint
Synovial Membrane – _______ the joint
Synovial _________ - Surround the joint to prevent leakage
Synovial Joints can be broken up into 4 categories
Joint
Ball and
Socket
Joint
Hinge Joint
Gliding
Joint
Pivot Joint
Definition
Example
Movement
Types of Movements
Type of Movement
Description
Flexion
Bending or decreasing
angle between two
bones
Examples
Trunk:
Shoulder:
Arm:
Wrist:
Hip:
Knee:
Trunk:
Shoulder:
Extension
Straightening or
increasing angle
between two bones
Arm:
Wrist:
Hip:
Knee:
Abduction
Moving a limb away
from the midline of the
body
Adduction
Moving a limb toward
the midline of the body
Rotation
Movement of the bone
around a central axis
Muscles
In the Human Body there are 3 different types of muscle.
SMOOTH – ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
CARDIAC – ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
SKELETAL – __________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
The main type of muscle in the body is skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles
attach to the bones of the human body and act over the joints. As they
contract, skeletal muscle shortens in length and pulls the bones together to
produce a movement (muscles cannot push bones).
Muscle usually connects to bones by tendons.
Skeletal muscles are slightly elastic which allows them to increase in length.
Skeletal muscles are made of _______ and _______ twitch muscle fibres.
 Slow twitch fibres
o
o
o
o
o

Fast twitch fibres
o
o
o
o
o
Everyone has a similar number of muscle fibres, but it is the proportion of fast
twitch to slow twitch fibres that differs. You cannot change the amount of slow
or fast twitch muscle fibres that you have, but you can train them to work more
effectively