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FACTORS EFFECTING COST OF BUILDING ELEMENTS INTRODUCTION • The detailed of each elements in the building also have implication on the total cost. • Several parts of elements – – – – – – – – Substructure Frame Upper floors Roofs External walls Internal walls and partitions Window Finishes SUBSTRUCTURE • Soil, excavation plant can influence the time and cost of excavation cost. • The type and size of foundation are influence by: – Type of construction – Load bearing capacity of the soil – Type of soil – Topography of land FRAME • The main function of the frame is to transfer the building load to the substructure. • The cost of frame is influenced by the size of the construction, height of the building, load it will bear and the column span aside. • FRAME • The frame used will influence by : – Small building – Multi-storey building – Materials – Maintenance – Type of frame • In-situ concrete frame • Precast concrete frame • Steel frame UPPER FLOOR • Upper floor can be built either using timber or concrete. for timber floor construction, if the span is large the total cost will increase. • For concrete floor, depending on the type of use and the floor span. A solid insitu conrete is heavier than hollow pot floor • Hollow precast concrete floor is more expensive ROOF – Consist of pitch and flat roofs – Roof structure constructed from steel,concrete or timber – Complex roof shapes increase cost for valleys, hips,barge boards etc – ROOF COVERING • Type :Clay, slate, concrete, metal and combination of several synthetic materials. ROOF • ROOF COVERING – Factors that influence cost: • • • • Plan shapes of roof Use of pitch roof Type of roof covering Life span of building EXTERNAL WALL • Factors influence element cost: – Shape of the building – Type and size of opening in a wall – Materials for the different type of external wall – if the consist of basement wall – Type of external cladding – Maintenance INTERNAL WALL & PARTITIONS • Dry wall and Wet wall • Advantages using internal dry wall: – Reduction in cost and structure size due to reduction in dead load – Simpler design and detail due to reduction in load – Reduction in cost foe preliminary works due to reduction in cost of building works and saving in contract periods WINDOW • Type:timber,steel,aluminium,plastic, and stainless steel • Several factor that influence window cost: – Material used – Method of manufacturing – Performance in term of weatherproof, ventilation, and quality of manufacturing – Type of glass – Type of window FINISHES • Various type of finishes: – Floor – Wall – Ceiling The choice of finishes is depends on the class and type of building Quality : high quality or low quality Suspended ceiling is more expensive because of hanger, runners and others intallation support FINISHES • Type for finishes for suspended ceiling is more expensive compared to in situ finishes (plaster and paint) THANK YOU